A cylindrical soil sample, 7.3 cm in diameter and 16.8 cm long, is tested in a constant-head permeability apparatus.

A constant head of 75 cm
is maintained during the test. After 1 minute of testing, a total of 945.7 gm of water was collected. The temperature was 20o C. The void ratio
of the soil was 0.43. Compute the following:
a) The hydraulic gradient.
b) The flow rate in cm3
c) The discharge velocity in cm/sec
d) The seepage velocity in cm/sec.
e) The seepage force per unit volume
f) The coefficient of permeability in cm/sec.
g) The coefficient of permeability in cm/sec at temperature 30o C.
𝑯 𝟕𝟓
Solution: A- The hydraulic gradient i= 𝑳
= 𝟏𝟔.𝟖 = 4.46

𝑸 𝟗𝟒𝟓.𝟕
B- The flow rate in cm3 q= = = 15.76 𝒄𝒎𝟑 /𝒔𝒆𝒄
𝒕 𝟔𝟎

𝒒 𝟏𝟓.𝟕𝟔
C- The discharge velocity in cm/sec 𝑽𝒅 = = 𝞹 = 0.376 𝒄𝒎/𝒔𝒆𝒄
𝑨 × 𝟕.𝟑𝟐
𝟒

𝒆 𝟎.𝟒𝟑 𝑽𝒅 𝟎.𝟑𝟕𝟔
D- The seepage velocity in cm/sec 𝒏= = = 𝟎. 𝟑 𝑽𝒔 = 𝒏
= 𝟎.𝟑
= 1.25 𝒄𝒎/𝒔𝒆𝒄
𝟏+𝒆 𝟏+𝟎.𝟒𝟑

E- The seepage Force in cm/sec F / unit volume = 𝒊 . 𝜸𝒘 = 4.46 × 10 = 44.6 kN / unit volume

𝒒∗𝑳 𝟏𝟓. 𝟕𝟔 × 𝟏𝟔. 𝟖

F- The coef. Of permeability cm/sec 𝑲= =𝞹 = 𝟎. 𝟎𝟖𝟒 𝒄𝒎/𝐬𝐞𝐜
𝑨∗𝒉 × 𝟕. 𝟑𝟐 × 𝟕𝟓
𝟒
𝝁 𝟎.𝟎𝟎𝟖
𝑲𝟐𝟎 = 𝑲𝟑𝟎 × 𝝁𝟑𝟎 𝟎. 𝟎𝟖𝟒 = 𝑲𝟑𝟎 ×
G- The coefficient of permeability in cm/sec at temperature 30o C. 𝟐𝟎 𝟎.𝟎𝟏

K 30 = 0.105 cm/sec
A silty sand sample is prepared for a falling head permeability test. Given the following parameters of the test:
Area of the soil sample = 1400 mm2,
Length of the soil sample = 70 mm,
Area of the stand pipe = 50 mm2,
At time t = 0, the head difference = 400 mm, and
At time t = 150 minutes, the head difference = 200 mm
(I) Compute the coefficient of permeability of the tested soil in m/sec
)‫(إحسب معامل النفاذية للتربة بالوحدات الموضحة أعاله‬
(II) Estimate the total seepage force in the sample after 1 hour .
)‫(إحسب قوة السريان الكلية في عينة التربة بعد مضي ساعة واحدة من بداية التجربة‬

Solution:
𝑎∗𝑙 ℎ1
𝐾= ∗ ln
𝐴∗𝑡 ℎ2
𝟓𝟎 ∗ 𝟕 𝟒𝟎𝟎
𝟏 − 𝐊 = 𝟏𝟒𝟎𝟎 ∗𝟏𝟓𝟎 ∗ 𝐥𝐧 = 𝟏. 𝟗𝟐 ∗ 𝟏𝟎−𝟓 𝐜𝐦/𝐬𝐞𝐜 = 𝟏. 𝟗𝟐 ∗ 𝟏𝟎−𝟕 𝐦/𝐬𝐞𝐜
∗ 𝟔𝟎 𝟐𝟎𝟎

𝑎∗𝑙 ℎ1 𝟓𝟎 ∗ 𝟕 𝟒𝟎𝟎
𝐾= ∗ ln ∗ ∗ 𝐥𝐧 ∗ = 𝟏. 𝟗𝟐 ∗ 𝟏𝟎−𝟓 𝐜𝐦/𝐬𝐞𝐜
𝐴∗𝑡 ℎ 𝟏𝟒𝟎𝟎 ∗ 𝟏 ∗ 𝟔𝟎 ∗ 𝟔𝟎 𝒉

𝒉∗ = 303.4 mm
𝟑𝟎𝟑.𝟒
F / unit volume = 𝒊 . 𝜸𝒘 = × 10 = 43.34 kN / unit volume
𝟕𝟎