LAB REPORT N°7

Frequency Response
NAMES:
 Noureddine Abzouzi
 Yahia Chelbi
 Lokmane Mitiche
GROUP: 12

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I. Introduction :
Being familiar with many concepts and technics is a
necessary thing in the electrical field, such as filters and
how the components behave with the changing in
frequency. In other words, how these filters will help to
cut off certain frequencies for the safety of the device and
circuit.
1) Objectives:
This experiment has two main objectives which are:
 To learn how capacitors and inductors will behave in
different ratting of frequency.
 Build a basic filter to learn about highpass, lowpass and
bandpass filters.
2) Devices:
The experiment requires:
 Oscilloscope.
 Function generator.
 BNC to BNC cables and electrical wires.
 Breadboard.
 Resistor 470Ω.
 Multimeter.
 Capacitors (100nF, 330nF and 50nF).
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  Inductor 68mH.
3) Hypothesis:
Before doing the experiment, there are some
expectations about the results such as: the filter will
change the verity of voltage and current in the circuit by
manipulating the selected frequency.
III. Procedure:
First of all, this experiment is divided to three parts each
part has its own objective
1) Part one:
First, determine the theoretical cut-off frequency using
R=470Ω and C=100nF, then build the circuit shown
below and place a probe across the capacitor. Set the
output of the generator to a 2 V p-p sine wave with a
frequency of the theoretical cutoff frequency. After
that, adjust the frequency in small amounts, up and
down until the voltage of 0.707 is found with that the
experimental cut-off frequency is found. Next step is
copy the experimental cutoff frequency to the top entry
for table one and for all frequencies in table one
measure and record the found voltage across the
capacitor, based on the found data in table one plot Vc
versus frequency. Finally, swap the resistor and the

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capacitor and the repeat the previous steps and record
the voltages in table two.

Part two:
Repeat the steps of part one for this circuit with R=470Ω
and L=68mH and record the results in table three and
four.

Part three:
First, design a bandpass filter to pass frequencies in the
range [1KHz, 7KHz] with the two filters highpass and
lowpass using R=470Ω and an RC configuration for both
filters, then build the designed filter using C=330nF for
highpass and C=50nF for lowpass filter. What is the real
value of the bandwith using these values? Finally,

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 measure the output voltage at the resistor for different
frequencies in table five.
IV. Analysis:
1) Part one:
- The theoretical cut-off frequency is:
1 1
𝑓0 = = = 3.388𝐾𝐻𝑧
2𝜋𝑅𝐶 2𝜋 ∗ 470 ∗ 100 ∗ 10^ − 9

- Table one:
Frequency Vc
F0=3.95 KHz 0.707
100 Hz 1.24
500 Hz 1.16
1 KHz 1
2 KHz 0.9
10 KHz 0.36
20 KHz 0.22
50 KHz 0.017
100 KHz 0.04
- Plot of Vc=f(frequencies):
1.4
1.2
1
Vc (volts)

0.8
0.6
0.4
0.2
0
0 20 40 60 80 100 120 5
Frequency (KHz)
- Table two:
Frequency VR
F0=3.95 KHz 0.707
100 Hz 1.02
500 Hz 1.02
1 KHz 1.01
2 KHz 1
10 KHz 0.96
20 KHz 0.96
50 KHz 0.92
100 KHz 0.92

- Plot of VR=f(frequencies):
1.04

1.02

0.98
VR

0.96

0.94

0.92

0.9
0 10 20 30 40 50 60
Frequency (KHz)

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2) Part two:
- The theoretical cut-off frequency is:
𝑅 470
𝑓0 = = = 1.1𝐾𝐻𝑧
2𝜋𝐿 2𝜋 ∗ 68 ∗ 10^ − 3

- Table three:
Frequency VR
F0=1.1 KHz 0.707
100 Hz 0.16
500 Hz 0.44
1 KHz 0.72
2 KHz 0.96
10 KHz 1
20 KHz 1.08
50 KHz 1.08
100 KHz 1.08
- Plot of VL=f(frequencies):

1.2

0.8
VL

0.6

0.4

0.2

0
0 20 40 60 80 100 120
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Frequency (KHz)
- Table four:
Frequency VR
F0=1.1 KHz 0.7
100 Hz 1
500 Hz 0.95
1 KHz 0.85
2 KHz 0.55
10 KHz 0.1
20 KHz 0.06
50 KHz 0.02
100 KHz 0.01
- Plot of VR=f(frequencies):

1.2

0.8
VR

0.6

0.4

0.2

0
0 20 40 60 80 100 120
Frequency (KHz)

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3) Part three:
-Determine C1 and C2:
1 1
𝐶1 = = = 338.8𝑛𝐹
2𝜋𝑅𝑓1 2𝜋 ∗ 470 ∗ 10^3
1 1
𝐶2 = = = 48.4𝑛𝐹
2𝜋𝑅𝑓2 2𝜋 ∗ 470 ∗ 7 ∗ 10^3
- The designed filter:

470Ω 330n
F
50nF 470Ω

- Find the real bandwidth:

1 1
𝑓1 = =
2𝜋𝑅𝐶1 2𝜋 ∗ 470 ∗ 330 ∗ 10−9
= 1026𝐻z

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 1 1
𝑓2 = =
2𝜋𝑅𝐶2 2𝜋 ∗ 470 ∗ 50 ∗ 109
= 6776𝐻𝑧
- Table five:
Frequency VR
100 Hz 0.05
500 Hz 0.2
1 KHz 0.3
2 KHz 0.38
4 KHz 0.42
6 KHz 0.43
8 KHz 0.43
10 KHz 0.39
20 KHz 0.26
50 KHz 0.14
100 KHz 0.05

V. Conclusion:
Finally, after proceeding the experiment we have
discovered the use of filters and how they effect the
circuit’s behavior with highpass, lowpass and banpass
filters. Furthermore, we learned the way of designing a
filter and constructed.

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