THI

NKLI
KEPROTON&BE‘
POSI
TIVE’
12Th(
GSEB) Expect
edI
mpQuest
ionsForBoar
dExam By
-VI
NAYSI
R

MOSTEXPECTED QUESTI
ONSFORUPCOMI
NG
BOARDEXAM :2023-
2024
(CHEMISTRY)

CHAPTER-
1(SOLUTI
ON)

Q.
2 Whati
sHenr
y’sl
aw(
graphi
snecessar
y)al
sowr
it
eit
sli
mit
ati
onsanduses.

Q.
3 Der
ivet
hef
ormul
aofr
aoul
t’
slawf
orasol
uti
onhav
ingv
olat
il
esol
uteandsol
vent
.

Q.
4 Der
ivet
hef
ormul
aofr
aoul
t’
slawf
orasol
uti
onhav
ingnon-
vol
ati
l
esol
utei
nvol
ati
l
esol
vent

Q.
5 Der
ivef
ormul
aformol
aldepr
essi
onconst
ant
.

Q.
6 Expl
ainmol
alel
evat
ionconst
antal
soder
ivei
tsf
ormul
a.

Q.
7 Expl
ainabnor
mal
mol
armassandexpl
ainv
an’
tHof
ffact
or.

Q.
8 Def
inefol
l
owingterms:
(i
)coll
i
gati
veproper
ti
es(i
i
)isot
oni
csol
uti
on(
ii
i)osmot
icpr
essur
e (
iv)Rev
erseosmosi
s

Q.
9 Wri
teVan’t
-Hoff
’sl
awofosmot icpressur
e,gi
vei
t’
smat
hemat
ical
for
mul
aandder
iveaf
ormul
ato
f
indosmoticpr
essur
e.
Q.
10Allexampl
esandintextquest
ions.

Numer
ical
Probl
ems

Q.
1 Vapourpr
essureofchlor
oform(CHCl3)anddichloromethane(CH2Cl
2)at298Kare200mm Hgand
415mm Hgr espect
ivel
y.(
i)Cal
cul
atethev apourpressureoft
hesoluti
onprepar
edbymi xi
ng25.5gof
CHCl3and40gofCH2Cl 2at298Kand,(ii
)mol efract
ionsofeachcomponentinvapourphase.

Q.
2 2gofbenzoicaci
d(C6H5COOH)di
ssolv
edin25gofbenzeneshowsadepr
essi
oninfr
eezingpoint
equalt
o1.62K.Molaldepr
essi
onconst
antforbenzenei
s4.
9Kkgmol–1.Whatist
hepercentage
associ
ati
onofaci
difi
tformsdimeri
nsolut
ion?

Q.
3 0.
6mLofacet icaci
d( CH3COOH) ,
havi
ngdensit
y1.06gmL–1,i
sdi
ssolvedin1li
tr
eofwater
.The
depressi
oninf
reezi
ngpoi ntobser
vedfort
hisst
rengt
hofaci
dwas0.0205°C.Cal
cul
atet
hevan’
t
Hofffact
orandthedissociat
ionconst
antofaci
d.

Q.
4 Cal
cul
atet
hedepressi
oni
nt hefreezi
ngpoi
ntofwat
erwhen10gofCH3CH2CHCl
COOHi
saddedt
o
-
3 -
1
250gofwat .Ka=1.
er 410 , Kf=1.86Kkgmol.

Q.
5 19.
5gofCH2FCOOHisdissol
vedin500gofwater
.Thedepressi
onint
hefreezingpointofwater
obser
v s10C.Cal
edi cul
atethevan’
tHofff
act
oranddissoci
ati
onconst
antoffluoroacet
icaci
d.
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Q.
6 100gm ofl
i
quidA(mol armass140gmol –1)wasdi ssol
vedi
n1000gofli
qui
dB( molarmass180g
mol–1)
.Thevapourpressureofpurel
iquidBwasf oundtobe500tor
r.Cal
cul
atethev
apourpressur
e
ofpur
eli
qui
dAandi tsv apourpr
essur
ei nthesol
utionift
hetot
alv
apourpr
essureoft
hesolut
ionis
475Torr
.

Q.
7 Twoelement sAandBform compoundshav i
ngformulaAB2andAB4.Whendissol
vedin20gof
benzene(C6H6)
,1gofAB2lowersthefr
eezingpoi 3Kwher
ntby2. eas1.0gofAB4lowersi 3K.
tby1.
Themol ardepr
essi
onconst
antforbenzenei 1Kkgmol
s5. –1.Cal
culat
eatomicmassesofAandB.

Q.
8 A5%solut
ion(bymass)ofcanesugari
nwaterhasfr
eezi ntof271K.Cal
ngpoi cul
atet
hef
reezi
ng
poi
ntof5%glucosei
nwateriff
reezi
ngpoi
ntofpurewateri
s273.15K.

Q.
9 Asolut
ioncont
aining30gofnon-v ol
ati
lesolut
eexact
lyi
n90gofwat erhasavapourpressur
eof2.
8k
Paat298K.Further,18gofwateristhenaddedtothesolut
ionandt
henewv apourpr
essure
becomes2.9kPaat298K.Cal culate:
(i
)molarmassoft hesol
ute(
ii
)vapourpr essur
eofwaterat298K.

Q.
10 Heptaneandoctanefor
m ani
dealsol
uton.At373K,
i thevapourpressur
esofthetwoli
qui
d
componentsare105.
2kPaand46.8kPar espect
ivel
y.Whatwillbethevapourpr
essur
eofami
xtur
eof
26.
0gofhept aneand35gofoctane?

CHAPTER-
2(ELECTROCHEMI
STRY)

Q.
1Def
inepr
imar
ycel
landsecondar
ycel
ldi
scusshy
drogenf
uel
cel
l.

Q.
2Expl
ainf
araday
’sl
awofel
ect
rol
ysi
s.

Q.
3Def
ineconducti
vi
ti
esandmol
arconduct
ivi
tyf
ort
hesol
uti
onofanel
ect
rol
yte.Di
scusst
hei
rvar
iat
ionwi
th
concent
rat
ion.

Q.
4St
ateonl
yreact
ionofanodeandcat
hodei
nLeadst
oragecel
landHy
drogenf
uel
cel
l
.

Q.
5Expl
ainGi
bb'
sfr
eeener
gyandusef
ulwor
k.

Q.
6Def
ineKohl
rausch’
slaw wi
thexampl
e.

Q.
7 Der
iveNer
nstequat
ionbyt
aki
ngZnandCur
odasel
ect
rodes.

Q.
8Expl
ainchemi
str
yofcor
rosi
onandst
atet
womet
hodst
ost
opcor
rosi
on.

Q.
9Al
lexampl
esandi
ntextquest
ions.

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TIVE’
Numer
ical
Probl
ems

Q.
1 Resi
stanceofaconduct
ivitycel
lfi
ll
edwi t
h0.1mol L-1KClsolut
ionis100W.I fther
esist
anceofthe
-
1
samecellwhenfi
ll
edwit
h0. 02molL KCl sol
uti
onis520W, calcul
atetheconduct
ivi
tyandmolar
conducti
vi
tyof0.
02mol L-1 KClsoluti
on.Theconductiv
ityof0.1mol L-1 KCl
sol
uti
onis1.29S/m.

Q.
2 Theelect
ri
cal
resist
anceofacol
umnof0.05mol L-1 NaOHsolut
ionofdiameter1cm andl
engt
h50
3
cm i
s5.55×10 ohm.Calcul
atei
tsr
esi
sti
vit
y,conductiv
ityandmolarconduct
ivi
ty.

Q.
3 Asol
utionofNi
(NO3)
2isel
ectr
oly
sedbetweenpl
ati
num el
ect
rodesusi
ngacur
rentof5amper
esf
or20
mi
nutes.WhatmassofNiisdeposi
tedatt
hecat
hode?

Q.
4 Threeelect
rol
yti
ccell
sA,B,Ccontaini
ngsol
uti
onsofZnSO4,
AgNO3andCuSO4,r
especti
vel
yar
e
connectedinser
ies.Asteadycurr
entof1.5amper
eswaspassedthr
oughthem unt
il1.
45gofsi
l
ver
deposit
edatthecathodeofcellB.Howlongdi
dthecurr
entfl
ow?Whatmassofcopperandzi
ncwer
e
deposit
ed?

Q.
5 Conduct
ivi
tyof0.
00241M acet
icacidi
s7.896×10-5Scm-1.Cal
cul
atei
tsmol
arconduct
ivi
ty.
0 2 -
1
I
f^m foraceti
caci
dis390.
5Scm mol, whati
sit
sdissoci
ati
onconst
ant
?

Q.6 Theconduct i
vi
tyof0.
001028molL-1 aceti
caci
di 95×10-5 Scm-1.Cal
s4. cul
atei
tsdi ssoci
ati
on
const
ant
0
5Scm2mol -
1
i
f^ mf
oraceti
cacidi
s390. . Ans=1.78×10-5 molL-1

Q.7 sol uti

onofCuSO4isel
ect
rol
ysedf
or10mi
nut
eswi
thacur
rentof1.
5amper
es.Whati
sthemassof
copper
deposi
tedatt
hecat
hode?

Q.8 I
facur
rentof0.
5amper
efl
owst
hroughamet
all
i
cwi
ref
or2hour
s,t
henhowmanyel
ect
ronswoul
d
fl
ow
t
hrought
hewi
re?

Q.9 Ther
esi
stanceofaconduct
ivi
tycel
lcont
aini
ng0.
001M KCl
sol
uti
onat298Ki
s1500W.Whati
sthe
cel
l
const
anti
fconduct
ivi
tyof0.
001M KCl
sol
uti
onat298Ki 146×10-3Scm-1.
s0.

Q.10 Calcul
atetheequil
i
brium const
antofthereacti
on:Cu( s)+2Ag+( aq)→ Cu+2(aq)+2Ag( s)
0
E(cell)=0.46V Ans-3.92x1015
Q.
11 Thest andardelect
rodepotenti
alf
orDaniellcel
li
s1.1V.Cal culat
ethestandardGibbsenergyfort
he
s)+Cu+2(aq)→ Zn+2( -
1
reacti
on:Zn( aq)+Cu( s) Ans=–212. 27kJmol

L-1 met 1Scm2mol -1

Q.
12 Themol arconduct
ivi
tyof0.025mol hanoicaci
dis46. .Cal
culat
eit
sdegr eeof
 + 2 -1
dissoci
ati
onanddissociat
ionconstant.Given (H )=349.
6Scm mol and
HCOO-1 )=54.6Scm2mol -
1
( . Ans=0.114,3. 67×10-4 molL-1

CHAPTER-
3(Chemi
cal
Kinet
ics)

Q.
1 Expl
ainPseudof
ir
stor
derr
aect
ionwi
thi
l
lust
rat
ion?
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si
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TIVE’

Q.
2 Ment
iont
hef
act
orst
hataf
fectt
her
ateofachemi
cal
react
ion.

Q.
3 di
fferenti
atebet
weenMol ecul
ari
tyandor
derofr
eacti
on.
Q.
3 Explaineff
ectofcat
aly
stonrateofchemi
calr
eact
ionwit
hgr
aph.

Q.
4 Der
ivet
heequat
ionofr
ateconst
ant&hal
fli
fef
ort
hezer
oor
derr
eact
ion.

Q.
5 Expl
aint
heef
fectoft
emper
atur
eonr
ateconst
antorAr
rheni
usequat
ion.

Q.
6 Der
ivet
heequat
ionofr
ateconst
ant&hal
fli
fef
ort
hef
ir
stor
derr
eact
ion.

Q.7 Expl
aincol
l
isi
ont
heor
y.

Q.
8 Al
lex
ampl
esandi
ntextquest
ions.

Numer
ical

0
Q.
1 I
nar eact
ionbet
weenAandB,t
heini
ti
alrat
eofr
eact
ion(
r )wasmeasur
edf
ordi
ff
erenti
nit
ial
concentr
ati
onsofAandBasgi
venbelow:

Whati
stheor
deroft
her
eact
ionwi
thr
espectt
oAandB?

Q.
2 Thef
oll
owi
ngr
esul
tshav
ebeenobt
aineddur
ingt
heki
net
icst
udi
esoft
her
eact
ion:
2A+B→ C+D

Det
ermi
net
her
atel
awandt
her
ateconst
antf
ort
her
eact
ion.

Q.
3 Thet
imerequir
edfor10%complet
ionofafi
rstor
derreact
ionat298Kisequal
tot
hatrequi
redf
ori
ts
10 -
1
25%complet
ionat308K.I
fthev
alueofAis4×10 s .Cal cul
atekat318KandEa.

Q.
4 Therat
econst
antfort
hedecomposi
ti
onofhydr
ocarbonsi 418×10-5s-1at546K.I
s2. ftheener
gyof
act
ivat
ioni
s179.
9kJ/mol
,whatwil
lbethev
alueofpre-
exponent
ial
fact
or.

Q.
5 Thei
nit
ial
concent
rat
ionofN2O5 i
nthef
oll
owi
ngf
ir
stor
derr
eact
ionN2O5(
g)→ 2NO2(
g)+1/
2O2 (
g)

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was1.24×10-2 mol L-1at318K.Theconcentr
ati
onofN2O5aft
er60minut
eswas
0.20×10-2molL-1.Calculat
etherat
econstantofther
eact
ionat318K.

Q.
6 Therateconst
antforafir
storderreact
ionis60s-.Howmucht
imewi
l
litt
aket
oreducet
hei
nit
ial
concentr
ati
onofthereactantt
oits1/16thv
alue?

Q.
7 Foraf
ir
stor
derreact
ion,showthatt
imer
equi
redf
or99%compl
eti
oni
stwi
cet
het
imer
equi
redf
ort
he
compl
eti
onof90%ofr eact
ion.

Q.
8 Af
ir
stor
derr
eact
iont
akes40mi
nfor30%decomposi
ti
on.Cal
cul
atet2.
1/

Q.
9 Thedecomposit
ionofAint
oproducthasv
alueofkas4.5×103s-1at10°
Candener
gyofact
ivat
ion
-1
60kJmol .
Atwhattemper
atur
ewouldkbe1.5×104s-1?

Q.
10 Duri
ngnucl
earexplosi
on,oneoftheproductsis90Srwi
thhalf
-l
if
eof28.
1year
s.If1μgof90Srwas
absor
bedinthebonesofanewl ybor
nbabyi nsteadofcal
cium,howmuchofitwil
lremai
naf t
er10
year
sand60y ear
si fi
tisnotl
ostmetaboli
call
y.

Q.
11 Therat
econst
ant
sofar
eact
ionat500Kand700Kar 02s-1 and0.
e0. 07s-1 r
espect
ivel
y.Cal
cul
atet
he
v uesofEaandA.
al

AnswerKey
Q.1 Or derw.r
.t.t
oAi s1.5andw.r
.t
.toBiszero
2 -2
Q.2 Or derofreact
ion(X+Y)=3 , K=6.0L mol min-1
-
1
Q.3 Ea=76. 66kJmol , 034x10-2s-1
K=1.
Q.4 A=3. 9x1012(aprrox) Q.5k=0.0304min-1 Q.
64.6x10-2s
Q.8 77. 7min Q.9 240C Or297K
Q.10 0.7814µgm &0. 2278µgm Q.10Ea= 18230.
8J,A=1. 61

CHAPTER-
4 (d-
block&f
-bl
ockel
ement
)

Q.
1Di
scusst
heper
iodi
ctr
endi
nat
omi
cradi
iandi
oni
cradi
iforf
ir
stser
iesoft
ransi
ti
onel
ement
.

Q.
2 Wr
it
egener
alChar
act
eri
sti
cofTr
ansi
ti
onel
ement
s.

Q.
3 Wr
it
epr
epar
ati
on,
proper
ti
es&usesofK2Cr
2O7.

Q.
4 Wr
it
epr
epar
ati
on,
proper
ti
es&usesofKMnO4.

Q.
5 Def
inef
oll
owi
ngt
erms.

(
i)Tr
ansi
ti
onel
ement(
ii
)d-
dtr
ansi
ti
on (
ii
i)I
nter
sti
ti
alcompound (
iv)Al
l
oy

Q.
6 Whati
sint
erst
it
ial
compound?Wr
it
eit
schar
arer
ist
ics.

Q.
7 Descr
ibet
heprepar
ati
onofpotassi
um di
chr
omat
efr
om i
ronchr
omi
teor
e.Whati
stheef
fectof
i
ncr
easi
ngpH
onasolut
ionofpot
assi
um di
chromate?

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TIVE’
Q.
8 Descr
ibetheoxi
disi
ngact
ionofpotassium di
chromat
eandwr
it
ethei
oni
cequat
ionsfori
tsreact
ionwi
th:
(
i)i
odide (
ii
)iron(I
I)sol
uti
onand (
ii
i)H2

Q.
9 Descri
bet
hepr
epar
ati
onofpot
assi
um per
manganat
e.Howdoest
heaci
dif
iedper
manganat
esol
uti
on
r
eactwi
th

(
i)i
ron(
II
)ions (
ii
)SO2and (
ii
i)oxal
i
caci
d?

Wr
it
ethei
oni
cequat
ionsf
ort
her
eact
ions

Q.10Whatismeantby‘
dispr
opor
ti
onat
ion’
?Gi
vet
woex
ampl
esofdi
spr
opor
ti
onat
ionr
eact
ioni
naqueous
solut
ion.

Q.
11I
ndi
cat
ethest
epsi
nthepr
epar
ati
onof
:(i
)K2Cr
2O7f
rom chr
omi
teor
e.(
ii
)KMnO4f
rom py
rol
usi
teor
e.

Q.
12Howwoul
dyouaccountf
ort
hef
oll
owi
ng:
2+
(
i)Oft
hed4speci
es,
Cr isst
rongl
yreduci
ngwhi
l
emanganes(
II
I)i
sst
rongl
yoxi
disi
ng.

(
ii
)Cobal
t(
II
)isst
abl
einaqueoussol
uti
onbuti
nthepr
esenceofcompl
exi
ngr
eagent
siti
seasi
l
yoxi
dised.

(
ii
i)Thed1conf
igur
ati
oni
sver
yunst
abl
eini
ons.

Q.
13Gi
veexampl
esandsuggestr
easonsf
ort
hef
oll
owi
ngf
eat
uresoft
het
ransi
ti
onmet
alchemi
str
y:

(
i)Thel
owestoxi
deoft
ransi
ti
onmet
ali
sbasi
c,t
hehi
ghesti
samphot
eri
c/aci
dic.

(
ii
)At
ransi
ti
onmet
alexhi
bit
shi
ghestoxi
dat
ionst
atei
noxi
desandf
luor
ides.

(
ii
i)Thehi
ghestoxi
dat
ionst
atei
sexhi
bit
edi
nox
oani
onsofamet
al

Q.
14Al
lexampl
esandi
ntextquest
ions.

CHAPTER-
5(Co-
ordi
nat
ionCompound)

Q.
1Whatismeantbycomplexcompound?Descr
ibethemai
npoint
sofWer
ner‘
stheor
y.
OR
Gi
vel
i
mitat
ionsofval
encebondt
heoryf
orcomplexcompound.

-
2
Q.
2Explainonthebasisofv
alencebondtheoryt
hat[Ni
(CN)4] i
onwi t
hsquar
epl
anarst
ruct
urei
s
di
amagneti
c
-2
andthe[Ni
Cl4] ionwit
ht et
rahedr
algeometr
yisparamagnet
ic.
-2
Q.
3[Ni
Cl4] i
spar
amagnet
icwhi
l
e[Ni
(CO)
4]i
sdi
amagnet
ict
houghbot
har
etet
rahedr
al.Why
?

3+
Q.
4Expl
aint
hegeomet
ri
cal
str
uct
ureandmagnet
icpr
oper
ti
esof[
Co(
NH3)
6] compl
exi
on.

3+ 3-
Q.
5[Fe(
H2O)6] i
sst
rongl
ypar
amagnet
icwher
eas[
Fe(
CN)6] i
sweakl
ypar
amagnet
ic.Expl
ain.

Q.6Gi
veel
ectr
oni
cconfi
gurat
ion,hy
bri
disat
ion,
shape&magnet
icpr
oper
ti
esofpot
assi
um f
err
i-
cyani
de
Orpot
assi
um fer
ro-
cyani
de.

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Q.
7Dr
awf
igur
etoshowt
hespl
i
ttngofdor
i bit
alsi
nanoct
ahedr
alcr
yst
alf
iel
d.

Q.
8 Wri
teI
UPACnamesoft hef ol
lowingcomplexs.
(
a) (i
)[Cr(
NH3)6][
Cr(NO2)6] (
ii
)K2[
Fe(CN)4(
H2O)
CNO]
(
b) Expl
ainhy
dr at
ionisomerism i
ncomplexcompoundgi
vi
ngi
l
lust
rat
ion.

Q.
9Expl
aini
ndet
ail
thest
ruct
urei
somer
ism i
ncompl
exwi
thexampl
es.

Q.
10Whatismeantbyli
gand?Whati
smeantbyuni
dent
ate,
dident
ateandambi
dent
atel
i
gands?Gi
vet
wo
exampl
esforeach.

Q.
11Explai
nthegeomet
ri
cal
str
uct
ureoft
etr
acy
anoandt
etr
achl
ori
decompl
exofNi
ckel
(II
)ont
hebasi
s
ofmagnet
icpr
oper
ti
es.

3+ 2-
Q.
12[
Cr(
NH3)
6] i spar
amagnet
icwhi
l
e[Ni
(CN)4] isdi
amagnet
ic.Expl
ainwhy
?

3+ 2+
Q.
13Expl
ain[
Co(
NH3)
6] i sani
nneror
bit
alcompl
exwher
eas[
Ni(
NH3)
6] i sanout
eror
bit
alcompl
ex.
+2 -
2
Q.
14Asol
uti
onof[
Ni(
H2O)
6] i sgr
eenbutasol
uti
onof[
Ni(
CN)
4] iscol
our
less.Expl
ain.

Q.
15Al
lexampl
esandi
ntextquest
ions.

CHAPTER-
6(HALOALKANEANDHALOARENECOMPOUNDS)

Q.
1Thet
reat
mentofal
kyl
chl
ori
deswi
thaqueousKOHl
eadst
othef
ormat
ionofal
cohol
sbuti
nthe
pr
esenceofal
cohol
i
cKOH,
alkenesar
emaj
orpr
oduct
s.Expl
ain.
Q.
2Whatar
eambi
dentnucl
eophi
l
es?Expl
ainwi
thanexampl
e.

Q.
3Def
inet
hef
oll
owi
ng:Al
l
yli
chal
i
de,
Viny
lhal
i
de,
Benzy
li
chal
i
de,
Ary
lhal
i
dewi
thexampl
e.

Q.
4Dr
awt
hest
ruct
ureoff
oll
owi
ng:

I
sobut
ylbr
omi
de,
Secondar
ybut
ylbr
omi
de,
Isopr
opy
lchl
ori
de,
ter
t–but
ylbr
omi
de,
Neopent
il
ebr
omi
d

Q.
5Expl
ainf
oll
owi
ngnamer
eact
ion:

(
i)Wur
tzr
eact
ion (
ii
)Sandmey
err
eact
ion (
ii
i)Fi
nkel
sti
enr
eact
ion

(
iv)Swar
treact
ion (
v)Wur
tzf
it
ti
ngr
eact
ion (
vi)Fi
tt
ingr
eact
ion

Q.
7Expl
ainnucl
eophi
l
icsubst
it
uti
onr
eact
ion& i
tst
y SN1&SN2r
pe( eact
ion)
.

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Q.
8Def
ineβ-
eli
minat
ionr
eact
ionwi
thexampl
e.

Q.
9Expl
ainzai
tsevr
ule(
say
tzef
frul
e)wi
thexampl
e.

Q.
10Pr
imar
yal
kyl
hal
i
deC4H9Br(
a)r
eact
edwi
thal
cohol
i
cKOHt
ogi
vecompound(
b).Compound(
b)i
s
r
eact
edwi
thHBrt
ogi
ve(
c)whi
chi
sani
somerof(
a).When(
a)i
sreact
edwi
thsodi
um met
ali
t
gi
vescompound(
d),
C8H18whi
chi
sdi
ff
erentf
rom t
hecompoundf
ormedwhenn-
but
ylbr
omi
dei
s
r
eact
edwi
thsodi
um.Gi
vet
hest
ruct
ural
for
mul
aof(
a)andwr
it
etheequat
ionsf
oral
lther
eact
ions.
Q.
11Wr
it
ethemechani
sm oft
hef
oll
owi
ngr
eact
ion:
nBuBr+KCN E
→t
OH+H2O
nBuCN
Q.
12Al
lexampl
esandi
ntextquest
ions.

CHAPTER-
7(ALCOHOL,
PHENOL&ETHERCOMPOUND)

Q.
1Howcany
oupr e10,
epar 20,
30al
cohol
from car
bony
lcompounds(
aldehy
de&ket
one)byUsi
ngGr
ignar
d

r
eagent
?Expl
aini
twi
theqat
ion.

Q.
2Wr
it
ethemechani
sm ofhy
drat
ionofet
henet
oyi
eldet
hanol
.

Q.
2Wr
it
ethemechani
sm ofaci
ddehy
drat
ionofet
hanol
toy
iel
det
hene.

Q.
3Wr
it
ethemechani
sm oft
her
eact
ionofHIwi
thmet
hoxy
met
hane

Q.
4Def
inef
oll
owi
ngpr
ocess&r
eact
ions.

(
i)Dowpr
ocess (
ii
)Dehy
drat
ionofal
cohol (
ii
i)Wi
l
li
amsonSy
nthesi
s

(
vi)Est
ri
fi
cat
ionr
eact
ion (
vii
)Lucast
est

Q.
5Pr
epar
ati
onofal
cohol
byf
erment
ati
onmet
hod.

Q.
6Expl
aint
her
eact
ionHy
drobor
ati
on-
oxi
dat
iont
opr
epar
epr
opan-
1-ol
from pr
opene.

Q.
7Wr
it
eonl
ychemi
cal
equat
ionf
ort
hepr
epar
ati
onoff
oll
owi
ngcompoundsf
rom phenol
.

(
i)Pheny
lacet
ate (
ii
)Benzene (
ii
i)p-Br
omophenol(
iv)1,
4-Benzoqui
none

Q.
8Ill
ustr
atewithexamplesthelimit
ati
onsofWill
i
amsonsynthesi
sfort
hepr
epar
ati
onofcer
tai
nty
pes
ofether
s.
Q.9 Wri
tethereact
iontopreparedphenolfr
om anil
i
neandCumene.
Q.
10ExplainKolbeandReimer-Tiemannreact
ionofphenol
.
Q.
11Allexamplesandintextquesti
ons.

CHAPTER- 8(Al
dehydes,ket
ones&Car
boxy
li
caci
d)
Q.
1 Expl
ainCr
oss-
aldol
condensat
ionreact
ion.
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Q.
2 Anor
gani
ccompoundwi
tht
hemol
ecul
arf
ormul
aC9H10Of
orms2,
4-DNPder
ivat
ive,
reducesTol
l
ens’
Reagentandunder
goesCanni
zzar
oreact
ion.Onv
igor
ousoxi
dat
ion,
itgi
ves1,
2-benzenedi
car
boxy
li
c
aci
d.
I
dent
if
ythecompound.
Q.
3Wr
it
eWol
f-
KishnerandCl
emensenr
educt
ionofal
dehy
deandket
one.
Q.
4 Anor
gani
ccompound(
A)(
mol
ecul
arf
ormul
aC8H16O2)washy
drol
yzedwi
thdi
l
utesul
phur
icaci
dto
Gi
veacar
boxy
li
caci
d(B)andanal
cohol
(C)
.Oxi
dat
ionof(
C)wi
thchr
omi
caci
dpr
oduced(
B).(
C)On
Dehy
drat
iongi
vesbut
-1-
ene.
Wri
teequat
ionsf
ort
her
eact
ionsi
nvol
ved.
Q.
5 Expl
ainTol
l
ens’
&Fehl
i
ngt
est
.
Q.
6 Wr
it
est
ruct
ural
for
mul
asandnamesoff
ourpossi
bleal
dol
condensat
ionpr
oduct
sfr
om pr
opanol
and
Butanal
.Ineachcase,
indi
cat
ewhi
chal
dehy
deact
sasnucl
eophi
l
eandwhi
chasel
ect
rophi
l
e.
Q.
7 Expl
aini
ndet
ail
eff
ectofEDGandEWGonaci
dicst
rengt
hofcar
boxy
li
caci
d.
Q.
8 Wr
it
ethr
eedi
ff
erentequat
ionsf
orpr
epar
ati
onofcor
respondi
ngal
kanef
rom acet
one.
Q.
9 Descr
ibemet
hodsf
ort
hepr
epar
ati
onofhy
drocar
bonbyr
educt
ionofal
dehy
de.
Q.
10 Shor
tnot
eonf
oll
owi
ng:
(4M)
(
i)St
ephenr
eact
ion (
ii
)Gat
ter
mannkoachr
eact
ion (
ii
i)Canni
zzar
oreact
ion
(
iv)Decar
boxy
lat
ionr
eact
ion (
v)Hel
l
-Vol
har
d-Zel
i
nskyr
eact
ion (
vi)Al
dol
condensat
ionr
eact
ion
(
vii
)Et
ardr
eact
ion
Q.
11Anor
gani
ccompound(
A)wi
thmol
ecul
arf
ormul
aC8H8Of
ormsanor
ange-
redpr
eci
pit
atewi
th
2,
4-DNPr
eagentandgi
vesy
ell
owpr
eci
pit
ateonheat
ingwi
thi
odi
nei
nthepr
esenceofsodi
um
hy
droxi
de.I
tnei
therr
educesTol
l
ens’
orFehl
i
ngs’
reagent
,nordoesi
tdecol
our
isebr
omi
newat
eror
Baey
er’
sreagent
.Ondr
ast
icoxi
dat
ionwi
thchr
omi
caci
d,i
tgi
vesacar
boxy
li
caci
d(B)hav
ingmol
ecul
ar
f
ormul
aC7H6O2.I
dent
if
ythecompounds(
A)and(
B)andexpl
aint
her
eact
ionsi
nvol
ved
Q.
12 Anor
gani
ccompoundcont
ains69.
77%car
bon,
11.
63%hy
drogenandr
estoxy
gen.Themol
ecul
armass
oft
he
compoundi
s86.I
tdoesnotr
educeTol
l
ens’
reagentbutf
ormsanaddi
ti
oncompoundwi
thsodi
um
hy
drogensul
phi
teandgi
veposi
ti
vei
odof
ormt
est
.Onv
igor
ousoxi
dat
ioni
tgi
veset
hanoi
cand
pr
opanoi
caci
d.
Wr
it
ethepossi
blest
ruct
ureoft
hecompound.
Q.
13Al
lexampl
esandi
ntextquest
ions.

CHAPTER-
9(Ami
ne)

Q.
1Expl
ainAmmonol
ysi
sreact
ion
Q.
2Shor
tnot
eonGabr
iel
Pthal
i
midesy
nthesi
s.
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Q.
3Expl
aincar
byl
ami
net
est
.
Q.
4 Anar
omat
iccompound‘
A’ont
reat
mentwi
thaqueousammoni
aandheat
ingf
ormscompound‘
B’whi
ch
on
heat
ingwi
thBr
2andKOHf
ormsacompound‘
C’ofmol
ecul
arf
ormul
aC6H7N.Wr
it
ethest
ruct
uresand
I
UPAC
namesofcompoundsA,
BandC.
Q.
5Expl
ain:
react
ionofal
kyl
cyani
dewi
thGr
ignar
dreagent
.
Q.
6Expl
ainmet
hodf
orsepar
atonof10,
i 20&30ami
nesf
rom t
hei
rmi
xtur
e.Gi
veequat
ionsf
orchemi
cal
r
eact
ion.

Q.
7Gi
vet
heDi
azot
isat
ionr
eact
ionofani
l
ine.
Alsogi
vechemi
cal
react
ioni
nvol
vei
npr
epar
ati
onofr
ed
azody
eandl
i
ghty
ell
owazody
e
Q.
8Gi
veonechemi
cal
testt
odi
sti
ngui
shbet
weent
hef
oll
owi
ngpai
rsofcompounds.
(
i)Met
hyl
ami
neanddi
met
hyl
ami
ne (
ii
)Secondar
yandt
ert
iar
yami
nes
(
ii
i)Et
hyl
ami
neandani
l
ine (
iv)Ani
l
ineandbenzy
lami
ne

Q.
9Wr
it
eshor
tnot
esont
hef
oll
owi
ng:
(
i)Car
byl
ami
ner
eact
ion (
ii
)Di
azot
isat
ion
(
ii
i)Hof
mann’
sbr
omami
der
eact
ion (
iv)Coupl
i
ngr
eact
ion
(
v)Ammonol
ysi
s (
vi)Acet
ylat
ion
0 0 0
Q.
10Wr
it
ether
eact
ionsof1,
2 &3 ami
neswi
thHi
nsenber
g’sr
eagent(
benzenesul
phony
lchl
ori
de)
.
Q.
11Whycannotar
omat
icpr
imar
yami
nesbepr
epar
edbyGabr
iel
pht
hal
i
midesy
nthesi
s?
Q.
12Shor
tNot
eonSandmey
err
eact
ion&Gat
ter
manr
eact
ion.

Q.
13Gi
vepl
ausi
bleexpl
anat
ionf
oreachoft
hef
oll
owi
ng:

(
i)Whyar
eami
nesl
essaci
dict
hanal
cohol
sofcompar
abl
emol
ecul
armasses?
(
ii
)Whydopr
imar
yami
neshav
ehi
gherboi
l
ingpoi
ntt
hant
ert
iar
yami
nes?
(
ii
i)Whyar
eal
i
phat
icami
nesst
rongerbasest
hanar
omat
icami
nes?

Q.
14Al
lexampl
esandi
ntextquest
ions.

CHAPTER-
10(
Biomol
ecul
es)

Q.
1Gi
vet
hest
ruct
ureofAmy
lopect
ionofst
arch.Showgl
ycosi
dicl
i
nkagei
nit
.
Q.
2Expl
aindenat
urat
ionofpr
otei
nbyt
hef
act
orsl
i
kechangei
npHandor
gani
csol
vent
.
Q.
3Di
ff
erent
iat
ebet
weengl
obul
arandf
ibr
ouspr
otei
ns.
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si
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Q.
4WhathappenswhenD-
glucosei
streat
edwi
tht
hefoll
owi
ngr
eagent
s?
(
i)HI (
ii
)Brominewater (i
i
i)HNO3
Q.
5Whatar
eessenti
alandnon-
essent
ial
aminoacids?Giv
etwoexampl
esofeacht
ype.
Q.
6Howdoy ouexpl
aint
heamphoteri
cbehavi
ourofaminoaci
ds?
Q.
7Whati
sthedi
ff
erencebet
weenanucl
eosi
deandanucl
eot
ide?
Q.
8Howar ev i
taminsclassifi
ed?Namet hevitami nresponsibleforthecoagulati
onofblood.
Q.
9Wr i
tetheimportantstructur
alandfuncti
onal dif
ferencesbetweenDNAandRNA.
Q.
10Whatisthebasicst r
ucturaldi
ffer
encebet weenst archandcel l
ulose?
Q.
11Shortnoteonfollowi
ngt erms:
(
i)monosacchar i
des (
ii
)Reduci ngsugar ’
s (i
ii)Pept
ideli
nkage
(
iv)anomeri
ccar bon (v)glycogen (vi)Oli
gosacchari
des
(vi
i)nucl
eicacids (
v i
ii
)glycosidicli
nkage?

Q.
12Namet hedi
seasescausedbythedefi
ciencyofvi
tami
nA, B1,
B1,C,D,
EandK
Q.
13Whatispepti
debond?Cl ar
if
ypept
idebondwi t
hexampleofdi
pepti
de.
Q.
14Al
lexamplesandint
extquesti
ons.

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