MBSE-Volume 2020-Issue 58 - Page 621-648

‫ﺗﻜﻨﻮﻟﻮﺟﻴﺎ ﺍﳋﺎﻣﺔ ﻭﺩﻭﺭﻫﺎ ﰲ ﺗﻨﻤﻴﺔ ﺍﻷﺩﺍء ﺍﻟﺘﺸﻜﻴﻠﻲ ﰲ ﺍﻟﺘﺼﻮﻳﺮ ﺍﳌﻌﺎﺻﺮ‬

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‫‪٦٢٢‬‬
٢٠٢٠; J٥٨‫א א –د‬67 8
‫ﺗﻜﻨﻮﻟﻮﺟﻴﺎ ﺍﳋﺎﻣﺔ ﻭﺩﻭﺭﻫﺎ ﰲ ﺗﻨﻤﻴﺔ ﺍﻷﺩﺍء ﺍﻟﺘﺸﻜﻴﻠﻲ ﰲ ﺍﻟﺘﺼﻮﻳﺮ ﺍﳌﻌﺎﺻﺮ‬

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OP‫א‬Q‫א‬RS‫وא‬TO‫א‬U V3W OJ‫א א‬Q4XM‫א‬A‫א[زم‬- ‫א‬F\‫א‬#J3‫و‬
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٦٢٣

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K.!E ‫א‬
W.‫لא‬o‫א‬-(H)‫' א‬/!‫د‬H3‫א‬G4. ‫و‬
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: ‫ﺃﻫﻤﻴﺔ ﺍﻟﺒﺤﺚ‬
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a‫نא`د‬J R‫! א`א‬AgCB‫مא‬E !‫ل‬H;@ ]‫א‬w ‫א‬W_yz‫ )א‬E١F

٦LL ,٢٠٠٠،‫"! אن‬، ‫ א א‬،%‫&د&א‬،A/ ‫وא‬
(2) Edmund Burke Feldman :Varities of visual experience , Harry N . Abrams, INC.
NewYork,USA,,1967,p374.
٦٢٤
٢٠٢٠; J٥٨‫א א –د‬67 8
: ‫ﺃﻫﺪﺍﻑ ﺍﻟﺒﺤﺚ‬
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K " '‫א‬Q i ‫א‬A!
K‫א אغ‬-[K!u&T‫و‬CBa J‫א‬T‫א‬A!‫وج‬c ‫;] و‬O‫دא‬B J
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A ‫א‬-E V3 ]'!B‫و‬%, ‫א‬Q J‫א‬A!Q‫&א‬c- ‫א‬F\‫א‬#J3 J
AL!L J‫א‬-%L, ‫א‬L " '‫א‬QL ]'!^‫א‬6L2;,‫_وא‬CB(H)‫א‬DE J
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Ky ‫א ;א‬0 - " '‫א א‬Q i ‫א‬A!Q‫وאא د‬p] ‫א‬
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‫&א א‬3-yJ3‫و‬yg i %, !;@‫د!א‬B.Ba‫د‬S‫ن‬R‫ א`א‬

: ‫ﻣﻨﻬﺠﻴﺔ ﺍﻟﺒﺤﺚ‬
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٦٢٥

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‫ﺧﻄﻮﺍﺕ ﺍﻟﺒﺤﺚ‬
‫ ﺍﻹﻃﺎﺭ ﺍﻟﻨﻈﺮﻱ‬:‫ﺃﻭﻻ‬
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KA/ ‫وא‬a‫نא`د‬J‫א‬AgW }‫ذ‬Q ]‫א' " وא‬Q‫א‬RS‫وא‬
#LL ‫א‬QLL i !pLL rLL >‫א‬WLL ELL ‫د&א‬-QLL‫א‬LL ‫א‬LL ‫א‬QLL S‫א‬#LL 42LL ‫ د&א‬J
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KE " '‫وא‬
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KEy ‫א ;א‬F‫و‬E " '
K;!/‫א‬j!E A ‫א‬-%, ‫א א‬Q J‫א‬A!Q‫&א‬c ‫د&א‬-
0‫א‬LRM%L" )XFo;@ >‫ وא‬O )‫אא@;א‬A!8CB;,‫ א‬J
K‫وא‬#‫لא‬8
‫ ﺍﻹﻃﺎﺭ ﺍﻟﺘﻄﺒﻴﻘﻲ‬:‫ﺛﺎﻧﻴﺎ‬
LL H‫א‬LLm ‫א‬LL‫א&א‬QLL i !WLL ‫م‬LLJ3(LL)‫א‬LLE‫م‬LLJLL J )i3LLX0‫א‬LL"B J
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‫ﻣﺼﻄﻠﺤﺎﺕ ﻭﻣﻔﺎﻫﻴﻢ ﺍﻟﺒﺤﺚ‬
TECHNOLGY " '‫א‬
‫ول‬2‫א‬riJLgELOGY),( TECHNOFL4pL iJ!AL!L " '‫ א‬iL!‫'ن‬
،،#L dL gLOGYW]LK‫א‬rLiJ‫א‬L!‫א‬ALg‫ و‬L,‫و‬LgWL 3 ]] ( TECHNOF
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Kj"‫;و‬PgW "]^‫א‬Q ‫א‬G 3‫א و‬Qm ‫) א‬i#EaG‫א‬E J‫א‬
L ‫لא‬L8WLgp !L ‫א‬L FL‫و‬L " '‫مא‬LE !‫ل‬0‫א&א‬A! ‫ א‬4‫و‬
)L‫א‬FL‫و‬L ‫אدא‬L‫وא‬%E"{LE PRODUCTS)QLk !AL%&L)L " '‫نא‬
dGL4WL ‫א`ل‬CBF‫د‬SaG‫وא ;א‬n' ‫ |א‬F‫(א‬PROCESSES)Q E]@‫א‬
M‫و‬،QL ‫א‬rL!QLk ‫א‬j g; 3SYSTEM‫م‬m] " '‫ @وننא‬F ،Qk ‫א‬
KE ; ‫א‬A'?
٦٢٦
٢٠٢٠; J٥٨‫א א –د‬67 8
?‫ن‬d‫دא‬SL!#L ًL 3E١٩٨٣&L !FL S L ‫|א‬L-‫و&د‬W#L ‫א‬W !
jL!!, ‫א‬3' ‫א‬Wl# .][Jtf0iB‫!ًو‬E !‫ل> ;א'ن‬G)E"# ‫א‬
E١F
K )i‫א‬p]‫א‬$g
sE L !‫אم‬cLLQ['/LL‫;א‬LLCBDLLE#m L!‫نو‬LL!.LL J‫ط‬/LL]LL4W.LL ‫א‬n' LL‫א‬
K$#‫و‬، l‫א‬j gg‫א‬3p !
(TECHNIQUE)@@òîäÔnÛa
aGL‫ذقא‬L`‫א‬EyJL‫א‬F،Lg‫و‬L EL,5‫א‬L ‫لא‬L,2‫א‬EW J3Fz ‫א‬- J‫א‬
E٢FpL !%LJًLJg‫وא‬¥/L‫א‬0‫א‬L"BWL A L$&L!Ep J‫א‬F‫ن‬gaz ‫مא‬E ‫!א‬،0 f2‫א‬AJ
LEL?L‫א‬QL ‫א‬WL (TEMCHNIQUE)L ¦^‫א‬L ‫א‬AL!‫ §!{@ذ‬J‫وא‬
KE٣Fs !)W. ,‫و‬yg;F‫א‬
KE٤FH H, ,‫ل‬,Wgy ‫א) ^@אجא ;א‬Ji‫א‬E]{W J‫א‬D 3‫و‬
WL L 3L‫وא‬%')‫א‬Q> ‫وא‬Q‫&א‬E‫א‬A!8E]W J‫א)"(א‬D ‫و‬
K, ‫א א‬- " '‫א‬ER‫א‬TO‫وא‬Qm ‫א‬
@ @Concept of the material@Zòßb©a@âìèÐß
AL ‫ و&وאدא‬L[ ‫لوא‬L>‫א‬0 A!‫د‬E$!5‫مא‬E !4U& 3% 4
U V3# 4 ‫א‬A)3‫و‬، c‫א‬Q)J`‫א‬- ‫א> وא‬# 4 ‫&א‬i‫ ج‬A' ‫وא‬
K ‫لא‬2‫ א‬O -‫!د‬TO!5‫א‬
yL FLz‫م‬LE L!5‫نא‬LgE٥FK`‫א‬%&P`‫א‬V #k !-‫)אوو&د‬g
; '/‫א‬Q ‫ ض‬3‫!א‬5‫א‬aERohmaterial & Row Material FE ‫و‬2‫א‬%‫אد‬F
K?© !‫م‬5‫ ©?א‬3‫);ن‬$%‫אد‬E]W ; '/‫وא‬،;)$A!%‫א د‬
ALL!LL!5‫د‬LLJ‫?א‬AL ‫א‬ª‫د‬LL)!?jLL-?Knolling wood??‫ود‬LLk ?n/LL‫و‬
%‫د‬L‫א‬e ,‫ذאو‬B‫و‬،jOE]‫ א‬s ‫א‬0./‫!وא‬5‫א‬A!;-;R!FE]{%‫ د‬j 3‫@[ل‬
LL‫א‬%&LL‫א‬-LL ;'/LL3LLE]WLL LLB،;'LLf[LLLLE]APLLM‫א‬GLL4‫ن‬LLg،LL!@LLE]{‫م‬LL5‫א‬
KE٦Fj"]B«0.fCBq E ;
%&‫وزא‬Q‫&א‬/LL !/LL!‫&د‬LL،L n4>‫א‬LLgJK‫وא‬LL‫א د‬LLgJK‫א‬WLL‫א‬LL)ALL‫א‬nLL@LL3W L ‫دو‬LLE١F

K١١٥‫ص‬،١٩٩٣gJK‫א‬
٢٨٨‫مص‬١٩٩٢Q‫و‬n–/ ‫وא‬r‫ ز‬Q)i‫א‬fE(.#k !-'‫א‬Ff)‫א‬pE٢F
K١٩٧٣%4J‫א‬n!2‫) א‬i‫–א‬/!5‫א א‬az ‫א‬#k ‫א‬E٣F
K٢٨٢‫ص‬،١٩٨٤،‫אض‬،‫"! א } د‬، ‫وא א‬A ‫א‬-QH i!W‫ل‬/‫א‬a) ‫א‬yz‫)א‬E٤F
،LLn!2‫א‬rLLi‫®نא‬/LLLL! ‫א‬LL® q‫א‬،‫ن‬LL ‫א‬QH iL!،LLK`‫א‬%&PLL`‫א‬VLL #LLk !WLL ‫א‬LLz ‫א‬rLL8E٥F
K٥٧‫ص‬،١٩٨٠،%4J‫א‬
K٢٥‫ص‬،x&3‫ون‬،/ ‫وא‬U { ‫אא&א‬،‫_د‬a3A ‫א‬ª‫!)د‬W‫"&ج¦ود‬p‫&و‬E١F
٦٢٧

, ‫אא‬-. '/‫א‬0‫دא‬2‫ א‬3-4&‫!ودو‬5‫' " א‬3
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،§ LL FLL ,@%‫د‬LL R{LL ALL g;LL ?‫ن‬LL ‫(ذ‬LL LL !5‫א‬ULL 3-? LL ?ULL 3
‫(אن‬L ،ًL gً_E ]0J 3A!;'/3M‫م‬5‫א‬%‫אد‬dG4A'‫و‬،E‫وא دن‬،%&k`‫وא‬،Q‫وא‬
L ‫و‬A!L'‫א‬EO L,L ‫و‬LEi g،yLg;'LfCB‫م‬L5‫א‬%‫د‬L‫;א‬L H ;@aG‫א‬4‫א ن‬
K?.`‫א‬EO‫א‬R‫و‬EJ JA
j 'Lf‫ذא‬BMBL"‫ن‬AL'?MyL ‫;א‬L ‫نא‬CB(N.Noubler) ]‫ن‬R]Pn/‫و‬
-L3‫شא‬J‫אنوא‬2‫)غوא‬,2‫لوא‬K°CB‫ل‬HaG‫א‬k`‫وא نوא‬u/5g،
©LL 3‫ن‬LLMQLL3) ‫א‬TLLuLL 3-;@LL3LL‫ א‬O/L ]^‫אدא‬LL‫א‬ALL!LL ‫وא‬LL‫א‬LL
AL!L"&‫د‬WL ‫ن‬L'L ‫و‬2‫אدא‬L jL> !-‫ن‬L ‫وא‬،yL ‫;א‬L ‫'لא‬LfULSj"3‫قو‬i3‫و‬
CBq'Lf‫و‬LE) 3‫و‬EiL&KLB‫و‬d‫אد‬L#'HL‫א‬Lq[@A!r i‫' א‬# ‫א‬
(2)
.>‫א‬E m 3u]"
WLL g‫م‬cLL 3WLL‫?א‬L E]{‫م‬LL5‫א‬%‫د‬LL jLL 3WLLg?E٣F?‫אن‬LL f&§gLLLL ??GLL?
‫אد‬LL‫א‬LLn) ‫א‬# L J‫ ًא‬PLL!ًLL_ً['LLfyLL ‫;א‬LL ‫نא‬LL'‫ن‬LL[g،yLL ‫;א‬LL ‫א‬# LLX
EJ JWg3‫ن‬A'?‫א‬# J‫ }א‬3W 0 j3!@‫&א ن‬±‫אא ;و‬G4-EJ J
K?4 P 3‫و‬
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jL;LJ ،pL !T L‫وو‬jL !L!@AL!jL L‫ن‬L ‫?نא‬E٤F? i!dn!?G3j
‫و‬،[L‫و‬،Lk‫و‬،} L[‫و‬،‫ن‬L !‫و‬،u/L@T L‫نא‬L'$‫و‬،A@‫א‬.By ‫א ;א‬
K?r‫א‬r!‫א ن‬E;! ‫א‬z ‫א‬Q‫'ن! دא‬3‫א‬GE‫و‬،.]]^‫א‬#>‫א‬
;L'‫ن‬F?Henry moore??&L!aL 4?aL ¦^‫א‬QLH ‫א‬GLE3 L,‫و‬L!5‫א‬A‫و‬
LE3 ]'!BALL 3M%‫د‬L‫ونא‬،‫אد‬L‫א‬AL!LE3[ K!ALLEL3L‫א‬ELO@‫و‬E3 L,%‫!د‬
،%Lf)!‫ و‬OJ j ‫א ن‬%f)MBy ‫ دא@;א ;א‬c‫א‬4&‫ودو‬n) ‫' وא‬/‫א‬
UL V3AL'?}L‫ذ‬L ،jL3‫نو!د‬L ‫}א‬L‫ذ‬pLL ‫وא‬L `‫א‬L$[ ‫ }א‬3{/ 3 P‫و‬
L4&)aL@L ]AL!L!5‫א‬pL‫و‬L ]AL!‫ع‬Ll‫وא‬L`‫א‬pLL‫}א‬L‫ذ‬P %‫אد‬
KE٥FEً&'‫אًא‬E"
K٩٩‫ص‬،١٩٨٧،!،& '^‫א‬، >‫א‬D& ‫دא&א‬، >‫א نא‬%{/]‫ א>لو‬gW‫_&ن‬E٢F

LL ‫א‬LLS‫א‬،;LL @aLLcgWLL3،LL >‫א‬LLk‫وא‬ALL ‫وقא‬GLL3CB;@LL!–LLo‫א&א‬LLW LL]‫ن‬LLR]E٣F
٣٦‫ص‬،١٩٩٢،Q‫و‬n،Q‫ &א‬
LL&،LL ‫א‬LL ‫א‬#LL !‫אد‬LLBWLLgLLE !%‫د‬LLg^‫&وא‬LL_‫د‬LL_‫ل‬LL-LL ‫א‬# L J‫א‬W‫אن‬LLf&§gLLLLE٤F
K٣١‫ص‬،١٩٨٧،‫"! אن‬،d‫د&א‬
K٣٢‫ص‬،١٩٧٩،%4J‫א‬، ‫א‬PE ‫دא&א‬،‫א>ل‬# -!J!Wi!. %n!E٥F
F. Russoli, D. mitch inson:"henry more sculpture", Macmillan, London, 1981, p:51.F5E
٦٢٨
٢٠٢٠; J٥٨‫א א –د‬67 8
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n' ‫א^د&אوא‬Jh‫&و‬P`‫א‬o‫א‬-E !ًJg‫ذאنא ن!א‬g،‫א^אع‬W EK`‫א‬
K%, #3‫א‬،RH‫א‬D‫و‬m‫א‬.PJ3.‫א^א‬j n‫و‬
rLL $‫نوאא‬LL ‫א‬pLL LL $[ ‫א‬LL )h.LL 4A/LL ‫نא‬LL J‫א‬-،%LL , ‫א‬LL !#LL 4‫ن‬MB
KE١F.O‫א‬
‫وא‬L')‫!אون‬cL‫אن‬iL‫א‬$K`‫א‬u4‫א‬G‫א‬O‫?ن‬, ‫אא‬y ‫و‬
LhAL}L‫وذ‬A/L ‫نא‬LJ JL‫ونא‬LJ‫א‬-;L)$AL!%‫د‬LE !AL'3،%" gu
uL7KKKKK ‫א‬#E3)!U - O‫دא‬2‫قא‬i‫א‬WfQG²‫א^א אא‬QM‫ }א\و‬3
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u L2‫ وא‬L‫א‬U]‫' א و‬/‫א‬Q® q‫وא‬Q!5‫א‬Q‫ د‬g،‫';@ص‬/. '/‫א‬A ‫وא‬
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D/LM‫وא‬uLk‫א‬WL ً‫&א‬K;'/a J‫א‬y ‫';א‬/‫א‬l‫وאد‬%&K‫א‬A
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ALL !LL ‫אא‬#LL '‫א‬WLL gLL K‫وא‬RHLL ‫' א‬/LL ‫وא‬LL n) ‫א‬# LLJ‫زא‬wLL 3LL ‫א‬LL J3nLL z‫א‬
K(`‫' " א א‬3E3g‫א אو‬Q!5‫א‬
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L‫א‬L ‫א‬j3‫א‬B-‫'א ن‬g ‫و‬.O‫א‬r$‫אא‬# X-!5‫دو&א‬l‫אא‬A!),‫و‬
M
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0‫א‬L"^‫אא‬G4‫و‬،j ]0./‫م لא‬J‫نא ن‬g0[i‫وא‬%f 0 f2‫@אصא‬%4P!A!
L ‫א‬L ‫א‬L Jn

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١٩٩٨ J‫–"! אن‬
K١٣٢‫ص‬١٩٩٢–. ‫ول–دא&א 'א‬2‫א‬0>‫–א‬, ‫א‬. '/‫א‬A ±&‫א‬2‫א‬WA_AE٣F
٦٢٩

, ‫אא‬-. '/‫א‬0‫دא‬2‫ א‬3-4&‫!ودو‬5‫' " א‬3
L‫א‬Q‫&א‬LE‫ }א‬3،r$‫ضאא‬%‫د‬B-j3‫&א‬E!U V3CB&‫א‬ilM‫א‬0u‫;א ن‬4Arg

K-‫א‬3 ‫&אא‬i3‫و‬D/‫א‬r!E 4‫אد‬he$ 3
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;'/LAL .R‫א‬L`‫א‬#E!LE .L ‫و‬#4&L'g{L %L"TO‫אعو‬BCBp] ‫א‬A!‫د‬
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$‫אא‬،d>‫אאدאא‬،j n‫א‬،‫אאد‬، )‫א‬،) '‫א‬F;K!(`‫א‬A ‫!א&سא‬A!
E|)‫א‬Ag%>‫א‬
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‫د‬LjL EA ‫ وא‬J‫وא موא نوא‬A ‫وא‬# ‫א‬Fp$[ ‫א‬j i‫א‬3e zf
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aGL‫وא‬،p‫א‬LBp '/L!sL²CB.L!‫אא‬LE8]‫وسو‬L4‫&א)و‬A/ ‫نא‬J‫אא‬-
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L 3‫و‬Li‫! א‬%L‫وو‬،L‫;وא‬L-‫ن‬L ‫אعא‬L];LrL XCBL&‫א‬dGL4e g
KE١FOk $n !'!, ‫"ذو‬AgCBj‫وج‬5‫وא‬A ‫א‬#m];
LJ $‫א‬g ‫א‬4 ‫لא^א‬2‫';א‬j 0 zM‫א‬A'?MaG‫سא‬2‫ (نא‬
-LL ‫א‬LLk‫وא‬،QLLg \‫א‬-;LL ‫א‬LLhALL‫א&س‬LL‫وא‬uLLi‫א‬uLL]"ALL!a‫و‬LL ‫;א‬LL
‫ن‬LL!‫وس‬L4‫א)و‬ELfL‫א‬E١٩٣٣–١٩١٩F/LL &2‫אمא‬L2‫אلא‬LigK. ‫א ;א‬Q
gJR@ ‫و‬3 g8];K!;،TJgDesign،y ‫א‬# ‫א م‬jg ]!W
‫אא&سא‬i3CB.‫وא‬J‫א‬QM‫א جא'!;';א\و‬Eg،
J A'‫א وو‬DH TJg ،E%‫و‬F‫وسن&א‬4‫ع&وאدא)و‬i‫א‬Jg
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K‫ق‬i‫وא‬Q!5‫لא‬672‫;א‬A'?d"-aG‫א‬E; ‫א‬F-'g$‫و‬K‫&א ن‬
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KE٢F‫א&א‬i@-$!!]'! ‫ א‬J‫א‬e ‫א‬$‫و‬#‫وא‬،‫א‬
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LL !jLLK!‫}و‬LL‫&ذ‬LL)،LL OE'‫א‬QM‫א‬uLL 3;LLK!‫&א‬LL!}LL‫;ذ‬LL´‫و‬ELL J )i3QLLE!F
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٦٢LL ,١٩٧٤،KK‫א‬
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K‫وس‬4‫!&א)و‬%'gu,‫ون‬١٩٠٧W
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٦٣٠
٢٠٢٠; J٥٨‫א א –د‬67 8
E‫و‬FL&!W ‫ن‬OJ‫א‬R{3،.J )i‫א‬s!]w‫لא‬8-‫و‬K%i ‫א‬m ‫א‬ª‫א)د‬#EgW
E ' LfFL&SharmaefEU !LfF‫ و‬Mohely NagyE."L]. 4L!FAL!;Lj Ll‫و‬L
QML8}L‫;ذ‬L´‫و‬،E " ' a ‫א‬FE !r!3 OE ‫א‬j ‫!א‬F-‫ن‬aG‫א‬
Ki‫! א‬d‫و‬j }‫ذ‬w$‫و‬،E١FQ)‫وא‬، @‫ אא‬q‫وא‬،‫אن‬0 ;K!
Art L " 'AL ‫א‬L$[‫[ل‬L@AL!e '/L3‫אع‬L^‫א‬AL!%L"L !AL ‫;א‬L@‫ود‬
OLl‫ و‬3L,Q‫א‬RSL!‫و‬،QL J3‫و‬QL!µ‫ن‬L ‫א‬L " '‫א‬QL!( ،and Technology
‫ن‬LLJ‫א‬ALL!‫ول‬2‫א‬ULL ‫א‬-LL,@LL ‫وא‬LL " '‫א‬Q‫زא‬LL¦^‫א‬#ELLK RHLL!LL ‫و‬
;LLi ،¶LL gLLE D&LL ‫א‬%L ‫אא‬uLL‫א‬J‫&وא‬LL'g2‫وא‬# 4LL ‫א‬-LL'gdLL46‫א‬LLB-A/LL ‫א‬
3LL ,Q‫א‬RSLL !‫و‬TOLL ‫وو‬QLL J3‫ن‬LL ‫}א‬LL ?‫و‬،‫אع‬LL ^‫א‬ALL !%LL "GLL g‫]א‬wLL ALL ‫}א‬GLL
RHL‫א‬# 4 ‫א‬dG46HK $‫ وא '] ' وא‬h z!‫و‬E'‫א‬$i‫א‬Q‫و {ودوא‬
jLL3 J3‫و‬jLL3!@-‫ل‬LLH‫א‬PLL‫و‬،yL ‫;א‬LL ‫א‬0LL ‫';و‬LLf‫و‬QLLl!-Q‫א‬nzLL‫א‬ALL!LL ‫א‬
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K(`‫א א‬jU3‫א‬aG‫א‬r‫א‬.‫א‬n z‫אא‬G4F‫אز‬3zi3‫و‬،a J‫א‬O‫א‬
‫ﺍﳉﻤﺎﻋﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﻔﻨﻴﺔ ﻭﺍﻻﺳﻬﺎﻣﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﺘﻜﻨﻮﻟﻮﺟﻴﺔ‬
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AL!s3L ‫א‬R2L#LE‫م‬١٩٥٧‫م‬LeLL‫"وא‬Zero" ‫و‬L‫א‬L"Otto Piene"?p3‫?و‬
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،(EAT)?LL " '‫وא‬ALL ‫א‬-jLL K7|&LLX?LL‫و‬K.' ]LL' ‫א‬rLLi‫א‬Q‫ذא‬LL ‫لא‬LL2‫وא‬
‫ن‬L"?،"KePes"?)L ."&L"،" Rauschenberg"?‫ج‬w Lf‫&و‬QL‫وאد?&و‬L‫א‬EL‫وא‬
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KE0P‫א^' و] وא‬WJ ‫وא‬Q‫א‬Fs!‫د‬W ‫م‬J3F@j‫و‬،TO‫א‬%‫! د‬
‫ﻓﻨﻮﻥ ﻣﺎ ﺑﻌﺪ ﺍﳊﺪﺍﺛﺔ ﻭﺍﻟﻮﺳﺎﺋﻂ ﺍﻟﺘﻜﻨﻮﻟﻮﺟﻴﺔ‬
#LL L ‫وא‬ALL L ‫א‬pLL LLL L$[ ‫א‬jLL L i LL LS‫وא‬LL L‫אא‬QLL LE"‫&وא‬LL L'g2‫א‬eLL L‫א‬3#LL LR
.OLL L ‫سوא‬LL L E‫א‬QLL L ]'!‫وא‬Q‫&א‬LL LJ%‫د‬LL Lg^‫ ]وא‬LL LM‫[لא‬LL L@ALL L!،LL LK`‫א‬LL L " '‫وא‬
LL E g;LL %LL "LL !;@LL ‫نن‬LL ‫א‬r iLL WLLLL ' '‫&א‬LL !2‫}א‬LL 3-.OLL '‫وא‬
ALgE Media Art ) iL!LR‫א`א‬L L!‫ن‬L g-QLEV‫و‬KL‫א و‬Q‫&א‬E‫א' " _;א‬
٥٣LL ,١٩٩٠،٢٧ ‫א‬٥١،٥٠‫א د‬،Ag‫'و‬g 8،&R‫&وא‬i‫وسא‬4‫א)و‬W‫אن‬J! ³E٢F

rLLk LL gJK‫א‬LLq‫א‬ALLn)LL ‫ن‬LL W‫א‬LL^‫א‬LL' ‫א‬# LL3WLLgLL ‫نא‬LL gULL V3WW3$/LL ‫א‬F‫د‬LLfE٣F
K١٤‫م{ص‬٢٠٠٧{‫{ א א {"! אن‬d‫{&د&א‬, ‫א‬a‫א‬
٦٣١

, ‫אא‬-. '/‫א‬0‫دא‬2‫ א‬3-4&‫!ودو‬5‫' " א‬3
}G‫و‬،?Q[‫وא‬u'‫)ع?א‬i‫ وא‬g‫א‬3 ‫وא‬3 )'‫ل?א وא وא‬3M‫א‬TO‫و‬

LL$i‫&وא‬LL ‫אمא‬cLL?LL g‫א‬LL " '‫نوא‬LL ‫ (א‬High – Tec) iLL!LLEV
‫ن‬LR‫א`א‬L L!‫ن‬L W LW?، $‫א '] ' وא‬$i‫ وא‬h z!‫و‬E'‫ وא‬OE'‫א‬
TLL{&LLE>‫א‬rLL!;LL! ‫א‬-%LLf)!LLK2‫}א‬GLL‫و‬nR{LL‫א‬WLL %&LL$LLKLL4LL!&LL±
KE١F?Dq‫א‬CB‫ل‬, ‫ق‬i‫א‬
r&/LL‫ و א‬QLL&‫א‬ALLn)LL LL $‫א‬LL " '‫א‬WLL LL 3‫ل‬LLjLL Q0LL"‫و‬
‫ل‬2‫'א‬W `‫وא‬e$‫א‬W jS! $&TO‫و‬ps!‫@[لא‬A! ‫א‬
E /3‫]אعא نא‬W K!2‫א‬A!‫و‬KE…،e‫و‬3،#&FA! J‫א א)א‬
ALLg،. LL ‫א‬ALL ‫א‬،‫"אم‬LLq‫א‬،&LL ‫א‬ALLg،0PLL‫א‬ALLg ،LL ‫א‬ALLg،QLL‫א‬ALLgF‫ن‬LL ‫}א‬LL 3
LL R[RL)i‫א‬ALg،|L 2‫א‬ALg،LH‫مא‬L‫א‬ALg،eL] ]^‫א‬ALg،computer art3L )'‫א‬
&; ,T " '‫א‬W 3%‫! د‬F@QM8‫و‬EW" )‫א‬A ‫א‬،‫ د‬2‫א‬
Ky ‫ ;א‬4/
E?LL‫א‬LL ‫א‬FjL D&L ‫א‬OLL‫א‬j 'LLf‫و‬jLLO )yL ‫;א‬LL ‫ §א‬LL¸}GL‫و‬
،;L ‫א‬dL' #‫א‬L‫א‬Q‫جא‬±‫و‬0‫א‬l2‫و&א‬E‫و‬H),;R،Q)K‫ (א‬A!
‫ن‬L ‫א‬-L،jLO‫ "א‬u 33‫ و‬j‫و‬j '3-&/‫وא‬j !; ‫&א‬E>‫و!'نא‬
K?kinetic art? `‫א‬
#LL ‫و‬، OPLL‫א‬0LL ‫لא‬LL8F-LL O4Q‫א‬LL h‫و‬Q‫א‬LL $Q LL‫א‬LL‫א‬j3ELLfLLg
Q L f^‫א‬ALL!LL ‫א‬D/LL‫وא‬0PLL‫א‬ALL%LL"sOLL ;LL,‫א‬CBF‫د‬LL!LL4‫و‬EQLL)‫א‬
0PL‫;א‬L |&LX‫[ل‬L@AL!‫وא ن‬0P‫א‬p R‫)طא‬3&M‫وא‬،E O‫א‬n‫و‬، O‫א‬F OP‫א‬
%nKL4‫א‬LVLg !PL‫و‬،E !)!‫) אن‬A!‫'ن‬0P‫א‬Fj3]'!Ae /‫א‬
0PLL‫&א‬LL']‫א‬4LLV‫و‬E‫د‬LL `‫א‬%4LLVF‫م‬LL"2‫א‬D‫א‬LL‫ل‬LL0PLL‫א‬0LL ‫א‬%4LLVW;L K!0PLL
K0P‫|א‬iJ‫א‬%4V}G‫و‬
tLi‫}א‬L‫ذ‬L#EL‫وא‬AL, ‫א‬p]L ‫א‬AL!L ‫א‬jL |GL"‫א‬aGL‫!א‬2‫א‬
‫א‬GLL 4QLL i !;'/LL ،j) LL ‫و‬jLL 3 J3‫و‬jLL 3!@‫و‬jLL 3‫{دوא‬6HLL ‫א‬."LL '‫א‬.LL i ‫وא‬yLL ‫א‬
.LL ‫&א‬LLi‫אא‬GLL4‫ع‬LL gKE٢FyL ‫אعא‬LL^‫وא‬LL 5‫א‬ALL!jRHLL!‫ق‬LLg ALLuLL J [ )LL‫م‬LLJ‫א‬
‫و‬،"Incandescent Light "?‫ج‬L4‫א‬0PL‫;?א‬LK! L‫ א‬OPL‫;א‬OL‫א‬AL!."L '‫وא‬
e & ‫א‬0l?‫و‬،"Neon light "?‫א ن‬0l?‫و‬،"Mercury – vapor light "?)O‫א‬0l?
" Lumia ?0P‫א‬Ag?‫ل‬-y ‫ א ;א‬O -e V‫"وאو‬Phosphorescent"?
LL&، L‫א‬WLgn)L ‫א‬0‫א‬LR^;@LLR‫א`א‬L L!‫ن‬L g-PL ‫א‬TOL‫א‬UL V3WW3$/L ‫א‬a‫د‬LfE١F

K٢٠٠٠،‫"! אن‬، ‫ א א‬،n"!
0‫א‬LLRBWLLgLL4&‫ودو‬LLK`‫א‬LL " 'T)3LL‫א‬LL, ‫א‬ALL ‫א‬ALL!Q‫&א‬LLcLL ‫א‬QLL‫א‬WW]LL) ‫א‬LLDLLfE٢F
K٦‫ص‬،١٩٩٥،‫"! אن‬، ‫ א א‬،n"!&،W ‫وقא‬G‫א‬
٦٣٢
٢٠٢٠; J٥٨‫א א –د‬67 8
0PL‫مא‬cLgKW!LE ‫א‬jLE"3‫و‬d&L'g L,-.L O&;L! 0PL‫א‬WL ‫م‬L$aGL‫א‬art "
LL ‫א‬%&LLR2‫|وא‬GLL>‫قא‬LLhLLg‫و‬،LLn) ‫' وא‬/LL‫א‬QLL!J‫;א‬LL}LL °jLL R‫א‬%&LL
Ky ‫ ;א‬.>‫א&א‬Q ,‫!א‬-n z‫א‬6‫א‬B‫و‬،&Ek R‫وא`א‬
‫ﺍﻫﻢ ﻓﻨﺎﻧﻲ ﻣﺎ ﺑﻌﺪ ﺍﳊﺪﺍﺛﺔ ﺍﻟﺬﻳﻦ ﺗﻨﺎﻭﻟﻮﺍ ﺍﳋﺎﻣﺎﺕ ﺍﻟﺘﻜﻨﻮﻟﻮﺟﻴﺔ‬
OLl&‫د‬L!a-gL3ML$hLaserE& ‫א‬F0l-‫א ]ن‬U/'3‫ و‬3J
‫אم‬cLL‫א‬ALLULL ²‫' ;و‬/LL‫א‬LL -dLL °LL‫א‬OLL5‫א‬ALL!LL8CBgLLlB،FLL@
yLL ‫;א‬LL ‫' ;א‬/LLT L‫وو‬LL!c0PLL‫א‬LLE g‫م‬cLL‫א‬LL‫لא‬LL2‫א‬LL -a‫د‬LL ‫א‬0PLL‫א‬
OLl‫م‬L;'Lf-jL V3L ]'!B?;LK! Lummia ArtEQ& L ! ‫א‬FALg‫ل‬L-L
O‫א‬LL f‫אم‬cLL E LL J3‫و‬%wLL '!QLL ‫אم‬cLL LL 4n)'3ALL '?LL ‫'وא‬LL !‫و‬LL i‫! א‬
KE١F?d J!‫و‬j_ ""‫ز‬
. 3‫ل‬%e( ?crissa???] ‫א‬dX^‫אא‬G4.] g‫ز‬A!‫و‬
j'LLf2‫א‬eLL(LL ،.LL '‫א‬jLL!‫א‬$;'/LL‫و‬yLL ‫;א‬LL ‫;א‬LL@‫ددא‬LL !‫و‬.LL O&LL 0PLL‫א‬
L!BEjLGc! O!‫ و& و‬JgF 4Q‫!&א‬-‫ج‬4‫א‬e & ‫א‬0lA!]'‫]) א‬2‫א‬
،LL !LL !QLL !- )LL ‫א‬EPLL ‫م‬LL!QLL !-LL k!‫م‬LL ‫[ل‬LL @‫و‬%‫د‬LL !
uL‫ א‬L] ‫א‬Q‫א‬0Ll^‫א‬AL!L ;L ‫א‬r/L L@2‫א‬ALaL!;LuL ]‫אن‬LU ²‫و‬
Ki‫! א‬d‫و‬-‫ج‬°‫و‬
Q[ '/3-‫א ن‬0‫א‬lu 3. ? &3&4‫?ز‬j -? f‫? ن‬B‫و‬
nLrLiJ!‫م‬Lm]Lg‫ و‬OPL‫'لא‬Lf2‫א‬dGL4LL OEQL_‫ق‬g'33J f &
L$L ;L@‫دא‬A'L3‫و‬UJ3a@‫א‬d&3‫و‬،0‫و‬4-U 3d&3‫و‬،%&3U 0‫א‬lM‫א‬dG4Hg،eR
K‫א ض‬
#L&‫و‬# L3.L ‫م‬L‫ن‬LR[RA!K2 Stephen Knapp|]A ‫א ن‬U'‫و‬
LL gQL) 3‫لو‬LL‫ع‬L{g،? OPLL‫وא‬L‫?א‬LE LL h‫و‬،0PL‫אمא‬cLLL gQL
(L K‫אن‬L¹j!‫א‬cL‫مא‬LA!#‫א‬W ? OP‫?אوא‬E 0P‫א]'&א‬A!s 3
ALL}LL‫وذ‬Q‫دوא‬2‫א‬ALL!WLL]‫د‬2‫א‬LL`‫אمא‬cLLcPLL‫א‬QLL) ‫א‬dGLL4‫ج‬LL]BWLL ‫ن‬LL ‫;א‬LL
‫&אن‬L"WL L !‫אن! א‬L2‫א‬%‫د‬L !L g‫ل‬L‫ج‬L]^0PL‫نوא‬L ‫دوجא‬L‫جא‬L"‫א‬x 3h
E L‫م‬LJ;LLE) 3;L)$ًJ)!E8‫لو‬2‫א‬dG4#‫مא ن‬JMK‫א'ن‬
Ku ‫א‬0 R
‫אن‬2‫א‬CB"`‫لدونא‬2‫א‬dG4‫^]ج‬TJg0P‫אمא‬c|]A ‫مא ن‬Jg
LL‫א‬s"LL‫א! }א‬nLL‫א‬Q&‫א‬LL"‫و‬%n)LLLL ] !QLL0LL LLhALL،4/LL‫;א‬4GLLLL!LL4
ALL!e 'LLfLL‫א‬LL ""‫&אنא‬LL>‫א‬pLLf3‫و‬،}LL‫ذ‬WLL 3#LLR،0PLL‫א‬-Q‫א‬nzLL u kLL3‫و‬LL' 3
K٨‫ص‬،١٩٩١،%4J‫א‬،. ‫);א‬J‫א‬،aw,; )]3،& ‫א‬W‫ن‬°&4 ]‫א‬g E١F

٦٣٣

, ‫אא‬-. '/‫א‬0‫دא‬2‫ א‬3-4&‫!ودو‬5‫' " א‬3
‫ل‬L `‫א‬L kg‫א‬GL..LJ ‫ عא‬LfM‫א‬AL!‫د‬L 2‫א‬%‫! د‬u ‫وא א‬،eH ‫وא‬u ‫א نوא"جوא‬
‫وא‬%‫وא‬o&‫زوא‬W J3M ‫لא‬2‫א‬dG4W ‫ א ن‬4‫ذ‬Ei3‫א‬Q J‫وא‬
&LE>‫א‬0MSL4LWL‫א‬3‫{و‬D‫א‬Lh2‫א‬JL!L %L‫و‬-L‫אوא‬.$Lv L3‫©و‬L °
KF)‫א‬#E‫د&א‬B‫ل‬8‫ ع‬3‫و‬
‫ًא‬Lz!ً‫&א‬L3 J‫א‬dG4‫@[ل‬A!‫م‬$‫نא ن‬g J‫א‬TO‫ }א‬3D[@W ‫و‬
L ‫لא‬L2‫א‬-‫אغ‬L ‫א‬eL‫ و‬3L‫א‬FoL‫}א‬L 3CBgLlgK‫אغ‬L ‫مא‬E !;K!# 4 ‫) א‬
LLJ‫אغو‬LL ‫א‬rLL!;LL! ‫);א‬L -#'HLL3‫ل‬LL‫د‬LL"‫{وو‬%‫د‬LL !s4LL !‫و‬u LL{ALL )‫א‬Q‫ذא‬
QLm]‫ل‬6H)‫א‬j!$·%‫د‬g^‫;وא &وא‬m‫&وא‬m ‫אمא‬c‫א‬E !‫({و‬K‫א وא) א‬
LL$E0PLL‫&א‬LL']‫א‬d4LLVFLLE !‫و‬RHLL‫א‬LL " '‫א‬QLL J‫نא‬LLgK‫ن‬LL ‫وא‬0PLLLL,@
KR‫`א‬3j Fo&eh
0PL‫אא‬GL4;@Lg،L ‫א‬#qL;L@‫&دא‬L ‫א‬0LlU V3C‫א‬p] ‫א‬A!r‫و!ل‬
LL k4‫א‬Q‫א‬0LL l^‫א‬WLL jLL S‫א‬t&LL ‫ وא‬J L L‫א‬Q[LL `‫لא‬LL 8-‫و‬،dLL LL g‫وض‬LL -
" ? LL B LL B?‫ن‬LL ‫وضא‬LL -LL &LL ‫ א‬L LfrLL !LL ]‫א^' و‬WJ L L‫وא‬
-?L i‫א‬0‫א‬Lq‫وضא‬L-PL‫?و‬Horst Bawomen??A!‫و‬LeL&4?AyabnisAxnakes"
‫ض‬L ‫א‬QL J3-gPL! $e f‫ د‬O‫دא‬-?Q l&2‫قא>&אنوא‬g‫א !و‬A‫وא د‬Q‫א‬
‫[ل‬LL@ALL!0LL‫א‬-jLL R‫وضא‬LL-PLL&LL ‫ א‬LfeLL V‫وو‬KE١F4/LL‫א‬d‫א‬LLaGLL‫א‬aLL)‫א‬
‫وض‬L}GL‫و‬،L !Q L 3‫و‬L,cf#L3‫و‬/L 3‫و‬rhLJ3‫و‬F‫אز‬L3j] !j hj f
K‫א אغ‬-‫ دא‬2‫م‬E^‫ א‬Q‫"وאא!ز‬Hologram "‫"אم‬q‫א‬
‫ﺍﻟﻔﻦ ﺍﳌﻌﺎﺻﺮ ﻭﺗﻘﻨﻴﺔ ﺍﳍﻮﻟﻮﺟﺮﺍﻡ‬
jLL J3ULL V3LL, ‫نא‬L ‫عא‬iLL‫א‬،LL ‫لא‬LLM‫א‬-T L&LL ‫א‬0LLluL]º‫و‬
‫"אم‬q‫א‬r( ، ‫א^א‬%‫ وא אد‬,5Q°j g‫ل‬j ;@‫"אمدא‬q‫א‬
n) L‫ن‬L ‫א‬rgL3L J‫ א‬OPL‫א‬TOL‫א‬AL$&g ,µ‫م‬4W].OlT
LLo‫א‬LL‫وزوא‬LL g‫و‬LL O g‫אص‬LL@ALL!‫"אم‬LLq‫א‬jLL' ?LLKdLL')!jLL {LL4 3‫و‬d&LL'gALL
}GLL‫و‬E.LL`‫א‬nR{LL‫א&א‬LL‫א‬F{L , ‫א‬dGLL4‫ل‬LLLL`‫א‬LL U/LL'3LL‫א‬%‫د‬LL ‫א‬
QLL ‫א‬dGLL 4rLL !;LL ‫&وא‬/LL ‫א‬LL 4/LL LL g‫ود‬%&LL R^‫א‬ALL !ًL L]‫ن‬LL J ±j g L Lf
K J‫א‬TO‫א‬dg3$M!4‫"א! {و‬q‫א‬
‫"م‬.4‫{و‬Q!@[ ![4{0P ‫א‬-7 ‫"م‬K !‫"א‬q‫'لא‬f2g
‫ل‬LL‫و‬،?invisible "tLL!.LLO!nLLz‫;א‬LL X‫و‬،LL] LLE !&LLH3‫و‬LL ‫>ذ‬R{LL3MLL O‫א‬4
{L ‫א‬L ‫א‬L {nL"!L&{L, ‫א‬L‫א‬-uk ;@& ‫א‬Q J3W_0 lE١F

K١٦٢‫م{ص‬٢٠١١{‫"! אن‬
٦٣٤
٢٠٢٠; J٥٨‫א א –د‬67 8
; '/L3‫אغ{و‬L ‫א‬AL L‫_و‬WL4‫?{و‬the solid transparent "Gg]D f.B# ‫א‬u ‫א‬
K0P‫אمא‬c ]Q‫א‬gs]hA ‫ א‬g /‫א‬A!‫]ع‬
# 4L ‫لوא‬L `‫א‬ALً‫ א‬H 3 Bp] ‫ א‬4‫وא‬%‫"אمدא‬qg‫א‬G
F‫אز‬LL!;LL g‫و‬LL ً‫אزא‬LLgBLL@‫) א‬LL‫א‬LL4‫{وא‬FLL@2‫א‬LL J‫א‬TOLL LL‫و‬i‫وא‬%OLL‫א‬
[LL,ALL;LL;LLHLLR‫א`א‬LL LL!LLE3g ‫و‬%LL"%‫د‬LL!.LLEg{."LL '‫وא‬.LL ‫א‬jLL!J
K" solidity of objects "‫"م‬2‫א‬
;L@‫دא‬L !‫"א‬q‫&א‬L‫ "א‬virtual Reality "?.Ll‫ א‬gM‫א‬rL$‫]?אא‬L gULV‫و‬L
#'HL‫א‬QL ‫و‬QL‫ضא‬L%LE"}GL‫א &{و‬Q‫א‬0P ‫א‬A!‫د‬r! l‫ א‬gM‫א‬#E3®
Q‫&א‬Lm]‫و‬L`‫א‬Q‫زא‬L $‫אغ{و‬L ‫א‬-iJL‫ א‬OPL‫&א‬L‫א‬rL!;L ‫وא`وא‬Q] )‫א‬Wg
;LL ‫א‬WLLgLL g|&LLX%LL " Margret Benyon "?‫ن‬LL eLL"&!?eLL!$(LL KLLo‫א‬
{LL ‫א ذ‬QLL g‫"א‬4{‫ن‬LL ‫א‬LL ‫د‬QLLg‫"א‬q‫;א‬LL K!%LL ‫אع‬LL]!cLL !{Wg‫"א‬LLq‫א‬
‫م‬LLE !‫و‬LL&jLL aLLi 3FGLL‫مא‬LLE ًL Jg‫{و‬PLL ‫א‬QLLg‫"א‬q‫{א‬LL i‫א‬QLLg‫"א‬q‫א‬
K(١)y ‫א ;א‬
-WL i‫א‬D‫"א‬Lq‫ "א‬Michael Bleyenberg "?‫ج‬wL ;L'!?‫ن‬L ‫א‬ULVg
LLk ]j LL !QLL LLEO‫"א‬LL ©LLLL‫وא‬LL ‫وא‬LL)‫ א א‬L q‫א‬j'LLf L,
K, ‫א‬dGqF)‫א^د&אא‬W RS3 m]‫ &{ق و‬H
Jesus Rafael Soto )∗(‫ﺍﻟﻔﻨﺎﻥ ﺧﻴﺴﻮﺱ ﺭﺍﻓﺎﻳﻴﻞ ﺳﻮﺗﻮ‬
‫ن‬L Li‫א‬TO‫و‬A!jh!‫و‬E3 J3‫و‬K`‫א' " א‬QE!Jg}G‫و‬
Q‫א‬LL·LLf‫و‬،LLE !uLL 3QL J3‫قو‬LLi‫;و‬LL)$ALL!LL‫و‬i!ALL'3QLLl!ALLwLL .LL'
ALL ‫א‬-QLL J36‫א‬HLL‫א‬-LLR2‫א‬n)LjLL‫ن‬LLLL·،j3Ll!‫و‬ALL ‫א‬LLg‫&وא‬e)LL@jRHL!
KE٢Fan) 3T '/‫א‬z ‫א‬n z3W QR. '/‫א‬
%&,- J‫طא‬i5‫א‬A!j8 ‫א‬j-?Soto 3?‫א ن‬UVg
‫و‬Lz‫م‬LJ‫!א^]ن‬$‫ل‬hU lv )3‫)ن! ] و@ ط] ن‬P$A!ً &i$ !Q‫'א&א‬3
dGLL4;LL H3‫ »و‬3LL;LL ‫نא‬LLg;LL ‫;א‬LL@‫دא‬4/LL‫لא‬LLX‫و‬،0‫א‬LLq‫א‬LL0LL R‫و‬jLL ‫אغ‬LL ‫א‬
LL g‫אא‬uL ]2‫א‬QL?.3L,RSL!?%LLk`‫א‬¹ L،Lk4!‫و‬%L'!‫ط‬L @CBQ L‫א‬
°SLL،&/LL !(LL7، LL‫אא‬LL‫و‬2‫دא&א‬rLLjLL !‫"א‬4‫د‬LLf&BQLL# LL3W‫ن‬LL.LL .H)LL,‫ن‬LLE١F

‫ن‬L ‫وא‬L " '‫?א‬WrL‫&אא‬L\‫א‬LKK‫א‬L 2‫א‬-L ‫نوא‬L ‫א‬rL‫אא‬.‫و‬L‫א‬L ‫א‬L ‫א‬j °S
K١١‫ص‬،E٢٠١٣L٤L١٠ J٨FEA ‫– א‬A ‫א‬s‫– و‬A ‫א‬F# T " '‫وא ?א‬
) ∗(.`‫وא‬a)‫א‬A ‫لא‬kEf‫&א‬-٢٠٠٥Wg3‫ و[و‬g-١٩٢٣‫و‬. ‫ و‬gQ4
WLLgLLE !%‫د‬LLg^‫(وא‬LL`‫א‬eLLH ‫א‬WLLg} LL[)‫א‬LL!µ; '/LL LLn) ‫' وא‬/LL‫א‬# L J‫א‬W‫ض‬LL&LL]FLL4E٢F
K١٣‫ص‬،٢٠٠٢،‫"! אن‬، ‫ א א‬،n"!&، ‫א א‬
٦٣٥

, ‫אא‬-. '/‫א‬0‫دא‬2‫ א‬3-4&‫!ودو‬5‫' " א‬3
dLL $uLL .LL ‫و‬،jLL 3‫وא‬rLL g‫ود‬4/LL‫ אقא‬L @MLL !3QLL ‫אא‬GLL 4)LL‫و‬EPLL )L!\‫وא‬
K0‫א‬q‫א‬j‫و‬u ]M‫א‬rg‫א‬3‫אزو‬4M‫אدموא‬
dMLL!jLL ] !Q]‫א‬iLL‫وא‬uL ]LLEjLL ‫א‬gQ‫א‬LL EX3L‫ن‬LL ‫ ضא‬LL‫א‬jL-‫و‬
‫)ن‬PLL$ALL!ً L&i$LL!j L&Q‫א&א‬LL'3-،LL i‫אא‬LLq‫א‬-‫و‬،‫ض‬LL ‫א‬QLL$;LL@‫دא‬UJLLM‫א‬ALL!
&LE>‫א‬jL4E3j ‫وא אغ‬z‫م‬J‫!א^]ن‬$‫ل‬hU lv )3‫! ] و@ ط] ن‬
@2‫!'ن‬A!U ±‫ع‬JBQ‫! ذא‬3‫א‬,jR_u ]M‫א‬rg‫א‬4&‫و"א‬E @‫אא"א‬
K0‫א‬q‫א‬j‫و‬u ]M‫א‬rg‫א‬3‫אزو‬4M‫אدموא‬d$u.
‫ط‬LL 5‫وא‬LL]‫א‬DLL 2TOLL‫و‬ALL!‫½ن‬L '!%LL"0PLLg}GLL? 3LL?ALLf
‫א‬GL4%L‫;و‬L@‫دא‬LH‫א‬L ‫ض‬L KL4n‫و‬L`‫ ¾א‬L‫وא‬L ] ‫[א‬M‫א)[ ' وא‬
K‫@ אق‬M‫ ;א‬g; EE#>‫وא‬a2FE‫ ;א^زא‬gF0P ‫א‬
jL ‫;و‬L ‫جא‬L ‫א‬pLL!L 3L$[L!$^jL‫\و‬AL ‫א‬AL!WLH ‫אא‬G4‫ن‬B
FL@2‫אسא‬L`‫א‬AL!L ‫م‬LH$B‫ول‬L;L ‫½א‬W Jj '; ‫ ]א‬Al
-LL"DPLL!LL QLL‫א‬LL ‫م‬LLH$B‫و‬،QLL‫א‬-LL K‫وא‬LL ‫א‬LL ‫א‬u L,-
‫ن‬L }L‫ذ‬jL!JL!‫و‬."L '‫وא‬.L ‫مא‬LJ‫א‬QL‫و‬h‫}א‬G‫א‬K!،y ‫ א ;א‬
jLL3'g; L ,3-#ELL3‫و‬،yLL ‫;א‬LL ‫א‬jLL ‫';و‬LLf‫ل‬LL)3‫و‬nLLz3jLL g;O‫א‬LL‫و‬TOLL‫وو‬QLL!@ALL!
dGL4‫[ل‬L@AL!jLAL‫و‬،4/L‫א‬AL;JL!L"M;L g،T L‫و‬L!‫زدون‬Lj&‫و‬
jLrL!uL ‫ن‬L]^g،L ³PL‫ن‬L'3L!L)‫و‬، L)L3&/L‫نא‬BK $ c‫لא‬2‫א‬
6LK‫אא‬GL4Ll3L‫א‬%LJ‫א‬.L4L`‫وא‬،kM6R40P ‫وא‬،A!‫وא‬،%‫אد‬KT \‫א‬
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‫ﻭﺳﺎﺋﻂ ﺍﳌﻴﺪﻳﺎ ﺍﻟﺘﻔﺎﻋﻠﻴﺔ‬
;LL ‫א‬dLL'g‫و‬jLL&‫ض‬LL-%LL')‫א‬LL4&'g‫و‬LLE ‫و‬q'LLf{LL ‫نא‬LL ‫א‬Q0LL"‫و‬
‫و‬،.J jE;3، g%RS!® 4-, ‫א نא‬E,‫!א‬q‫א‬Q J‫{א‬
dE"‫و‬،3 )'‫وא‬، ‫א‬jm]‫א‬A! ‫א א‬TO‫م‬q‫אو&א‬Af3‫و‬،d)]M‫|א‬GX
LL `‫א‬Q‫ودوא‬LL ‫א‬rLL !3LL )'‫وא‬%i LL ‫وא‬#'HLL ‫א‬dLL E"}LL ‫ذ‬-!cLL !،#'HLL ‫א‬
،;LL ‫א‬ALL!DLLq‫א‬PLL 3jLLE"! LLLL J J`‫مא‬LL"M‫א‬rLL!LL E'‫ وא‬LL h z‫א‬LL$i‫وא‬
KE٢F&/‫א‬n4>‫د&א !א‬M‫א‬Q‫&א‬J‫و" وא‬2‫א‬Q‫א‬nz‫א‬r!H3‫و‬
E1)https://newsabah.com/newspaper/86301
°SL&/L !(L7،‫א^[ن‬Ag 3W "2‫א' " وא‬Q‫א‬nz‫א‬nR{3W‫ن‬. .H),‫ن‬E٢F
J٤L١٤FE/LL)‫א‬LL ‫א‬-L ‫وא‬ALL ‫دو&א‬F‫אن‬LL ‫אن‬LL jLL !"–LL ‫א‬LL ‫א‬LL '!LL5‫א‬.‫و‬LL‫א‬
‫ن‬LL ‫א‬QRHLL!F?LL ‫وא‬LL $‫نא‬LL ‫وא‬QL 8w‫[لא‬LL@ALL!/LL)‫א‬LL ‫?א‬WrLL‫&אא‬L\‫א‬E٢٠١٤L٤L١٦
E " '‫א‬-A ‫א‬Q – ‫ وא‬$‫א‬
٦٣٦
٢٠٢٠; J٥٨‫א א –د‬67 8
.LL LLaGL‫א‬LL!2‫א‬L4‫و‬،LL ‫لא‬LL2‫;א‬L@‫?دא‬LL ‫?و?א‬3L )'‫?א‬ULLV‫و‬L
KKK،L $‫نא‬L ‫א‬،L ‫א‬Ag،3 )'‫א‬Ag?-.!E ‫א‬jE"3‫و‬y ‫';א ;א‬fn z3
?4n‫و‬
L!LJiyL ‫;א‬L ‫א‬-&LE>‫א‬j&/3‫א نא א‬QEVP‫و‬
dE"W . ‫א‬A ‫ لא‬3!%‫ود‬Kk ‫";א‬A!Q[@!#J3‫@[ل‬A!
،LL )‫|وא‬LLJ‫وא‬LL`‫وא‬%&‫א‬LL`‫א‬LL"&‫;د‬LLK!0 L f L J3LL‫ &א‬/LLM‫א‬%LLE"rLL!3LL )'‫א‬
FLL @LL " '3TOLL ‫وو‬%LL E"rLL !،p&/ LL‫&א‬LL E>‫א‬0MSLL ELL ,5‫א‬QkLL M‫سא‬LL $‫و‬
‫ط‬JLL ^‫א‬%LL E"F;LL K!{‫د‬LL 2‫א‬LL R[RQLL ‫א‬# LL 3‫و‬ELL l‫&و‬LL ‫א‬# LL 3ALL j®LL !
Q³، ] ‫א ضא‬Qff،j "‫وא‬%i ‫وא‬#'H‫א‬Q‫ذא‬j ]‫א‬w ‫א‬%E"،.OP‫א‬
TOLL ‫א‬ALL !ELL 4n‫و‬KKKK{LL "‫אدو‬LL o‫د?א‬LL 2‫א‬LL R[RLL o‫א‬Q‫&א‬LL m]‫و‬،.LL l‫ א‬g^‫א‬rLL $‫אא‬
jLL !0LL ")LL ,aGLL ‫א‬yLL ‫;א‬LL ‫א‬QLL ]'!n LLz3‫;و‬LL ‫א‬-&LL E>‫א‬LL 3LL ‫א‬%LL E"2‫وא‬
Kj ‫א‬gr$‫!א‬-‫@[لא`وא‬A!j g&/!‫و‬
‫ ﻭﺍﳌﺪﻳﻨﺔ ﺍﳌﻘﺮﻭءﺓ‬Jeffry Show " "‫ﺟﻴﻔﺮﻯ ﺷﻮ‬
g!W$CBA rg3‫و‬%>‫'&א‬g2‫א‬%]RH‫א‬Q J‫א‬dG4Q0"J
Jeffry ?? L fFLL "?‫م‬LL$١٩٩١‫م‬LL.LL g،LL J‫א‬jiOLL‫وو‬jLL D&LL ‫א‬dLL !ALLdLL )3
L"‫|د&א‬L4/L‫א‬AL'°،j ' g‫א`|א>א‬s!‫@[لא‬A!. 3; /?Show
??%0‫و‬LJ‫א‬L ‫?א‬jL L h.L c‫אغא‬L ‫אא‬GL4‫ن‬BK‫د‬L 2‫א‬.LR[R. ²‫אغ‬g-jº‫ م‬J‫وא‬
E&‫א‬LLfLLE ‫! د‬U{LL،‫ص‬cLLf2‫א‬ALL!LL ²dn)LLLL !v LL ?The Legible City
‫[ل‬LL@ALL!Q‫א‬0LL ‫&وא‬PLL‫موא‬LLk2‫א‬LL Q‫&א‬LL)‫و‬QLL ‫و‬D‫و‬LLALL!LL& ‫א‬LE ])!‫و‬
K; ‫وא'! אو&א‬Jg‫אא‬%‫א ] א@ وא)&د‬Q"&‫א‬E gu 3j !j ]Q"&‫د‬
٦٣٧

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(‫ﲡﺮﺑﻪ ﺍﻟﺒﺤﺚ )ﺍﻟﺘﻄﺒﻴﻖ ﺍﻟﻌﻤﻠﻲ‬

(١) ‫ﺍﻟﻌﻤﻞ ﺭﻗﻢ‬
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#٨٠C٦٠WÝàÈÛa†bÈic
} L[،‫م‬L ]،‫س‬L،L ³{‫و&ق! ن‬،u/@Z@ÐÛa@ÝàÈÛa@À@òß‡ƒn¾a@pbßb©a
.' [T @، ‫א‬Q)A!TO‫א‬f،H &3!، ]‫א' و‬QA!J،# !‫و‬D f
ò@ ßb£ '/L!L QL!%LLE )/L@LAL%&L);L ‫א‬Z@õa†þa@kîÛbcë@pbîäÔnÛa
%0LlBAL!dL, yL ‫;א‬L ‫;א‬L@‫;دא‬L 3،} L[)‫وא‬u/L`‫وא‬E‫) ن‬L]FFLJ‫نא‬3'‫א‬
jL3!@‫ع‬L 3‫و‬،L !E^‫وא‬L ‫א‬L`‫א‬rL!%L`‫ ;وא‬iL‫وא‬LO‫אא‬p! !‫'ل‬f‫و‬
LS‫و‬L ‫א‬Q!5‫'لوא‬f2‫א‬dG4]k 0P‫א‬.3{ } [)‫) وא‬/5‫ وא‬$&‫א‬p!
jc3‫;א ;و‬JK3‫[لא‬m‫א‬W S‫אو‬#O‫אא‬EJ‫א‬W S‫و‬E W
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‫ن‬LL ‫وא‬LL ‫';وא‬/LL ‫א‬-LL ‫א‬LL c‫אא‬QLL !5‫א‬ALL !L L8(LL )‫مא‬cLL B
eLL 3‫و‬،LL 3&BLLK2‫وא‬rLL 3‫ وא‬c L ‫א‬pLLLL!LL ‫;א‬LL@‫دא‬QLL‫א‬eLL 3‫و‬،LL V‫وא‬
; L‫א‬%n)LL'‫א‬%O‫א‬LL‫א‬eLLO"#LLRLL !E^‫א‬LL`‫א‬ALL!‫א‬LL"eLLJ cgj'LLf‫و‬yLL ‫;א‬LL ‫א‬LL,
WL LE3‫[ل‬L@AL!EO‫א‬Ll{.J ،.`‫&א‬3‫אمא‬c gH; ‫א‬
‫'ل‬LfM‫א‬xL‫و‬L`‫א‬W S , ‫א‬dG4@ 0"#R،Eg‫א‬h‫'لو‬f2‫وא‬, ‫ א‬
LLK‫و‬#LL4ALL!wLL aGLL‫א‬0PLL‫אא‬GLL4;LL LLn) 3‫و‬LL!&LL $.LLi ‫و‬،EO‫א‬LLl‫و‬LLq[m
‫; ;وא‬A!K‫אدא‬- " '‫א‬j J!c‫ א`(א‬Q!5‫א‬
٦٣٨
٢٠٢٠; J٥٨‫א א –د‬67 8
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( ،. ;'/4/‫א‬Q&!W ‫אذ‬H^‫وא‬nR{‫א‬W %&‫د‬$H‫لא‬2‫א‬
L ‫ وא‬OPL‫א‬L`‫א‬Lk ]‫و‬،;L ‫א‬rL!aPL ‫א‬nR{L‫א‬Lk ]L !4/‫א‬p‫'ن‬3
y ‫א ;א‬, W H0P‫א‬F]‫و‬، c‫א‬Q‫א‬Q‫'لذא‬f‫א‬A!j!‫و‬%O‫ א‬
‫אن‬L‫;وא‬L ‫و‬L،L ! ‫د‬K‫א`و ;א ;א‬aK‫';و‬/ ‫دא‬X.i gjJ-‫و‬
،‫موא ع‬k]M‫ وא‬g /‫א‬.i j%&‫אو‬,@‫و‬, ‫א‬
WLL LLaGLL‫ א‬LL !‫' و‬LLf# L $6‫א‬LL‫م‬LLJLLE 3‫و‬QLL!5‫دא‬LL 3‫وאن‬LL
K. @‫دא‬. !.‫ع‬J‫אدא‬
(٢) ‫ﺍﻟﻌﻤﻞ ﺭﻗﻢ‬

٥٥C٦٥WÝàÈÛa@†bÈic
O L,،ELL.]LL !jLL !g‫&ول‬F' LL‫א‬،‫ج‬LL' ‫א‬،‫ج‬LL"‫ز‬WÐÛa@ÝàÈÛa@À@òß‡ƒn¾a@pbßb©a
.&3!،‫ل‬H‫وא‬H‫א‬j]!‫] ن‬j)،plaque ' [
.LE ‫و‬.L]‫ و‬aLO‫';دא‬LfGL@{3L`‫א‬L hL]!L)AL%&); ‫א‬W@õa†þa@kîÛbcë@pbîäÔnÛa
.]L !jL ! .'‫ 'جא‬M‫א‬A!W j)K!3g‫אز&ق‬E]٩#$&;'fW Egh
¸/LL LL ً‫&א‬LL‫ًو‬L ?LL EH .LLE&3LL !LL #'HLLaGLL ‫وא‬LL
PL‫א‬WL'3L‫א"" وא‬%Gg ‫א‬W ‫!م‬2‫)ن‬K‫א‬plaque ' [)‫א‬O ‫א‬
OP‫א‬%O‫אא‬dG4;'fnz3q[@A! ‫א و‬.] ‫אאولא‬GE
LK'.OPL‫א‬. '/‫لא‬H‫ وא‬OP‫א‬Q' ]M‫א`وא‬A!nK'‫אא ;א‬GEF]
QLL ‫א‬dGLL 4a‫و‬LL 3FL L@LL ] ‫א@;و‬LL 3‫طو‬LL i5‫א‬LL K'3FLL @‫وא‬LL ] ‫ א‬OPLL ‫א‬QLL ‫א‬
Knz3‫و‬o‫دא‬k3‫? و&א‬jK‫א`א‬r!‫و‬،‫ط‬i5‫وא‬
،j[V‫و‬jO‫א‬l; ‫א‬C‫]א‬G@{‫&א‬m !F i‫א‬A ); ‫אنא‬F]‫و‬
٦٣٩

, ‫אא‬-. '/‫א‬0‫دא‬2‫ א‬3-4&‫!ودو‬5‫' " א‬3
‫ط‬Li5‫אنوא‬LM‫'لوא‬LfM‫لא‬LW ; 3‫א' " א‬O ‫א‬dG4‫@[ل‬A!‫و‬

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LL .LL i jLL 3‫و‬jLL ‫א‬3‫و‬0PLL ‫א‬LL E#LL LL ‫عوא‬iLL ‫&وא‬/LL ]M‫ وא‬g /LL ‫אنא‬
‫א‬GLL4QLL"&‫[لد‬LL@ALL!%‫د‬LL ‫א‬LL`‫א‬dGLL4‫»و‬LL aGLL‫א‬4/LL‫א‬aLL LL ]‫و‬LL!&Q‫א‬0LL¸‫א‬
‫ن‬L '‫א‬WL LS jL[m/L aGL‫א‬L ‫وא‬L !EM‫א‬j`k ]s 3‫ز&قوא‬M‫א نא‬
Kr‫) אא‬#i ; ‫صدא@;א‬z] ]{‫ دو‬M‫א‬.R[Rj]{‫';و‬/‫ل‬H‫א‬.OP‫א‬
(٣) ‫ﺍﻟﻌﻤﻞ ﺭﻗﻢ‬

%nz, ' [|‫א‬، !0P ' [O‫دوא‬،‫ز"ج‬WÐÛaÝàÈÛaÀ@òß‡ƒn¾apbßb©a
%0lM#'_r!%&'!%nz,j] !Q)،%nz, ' [# h‫@א‬،g f
AL! ‫)א‬3( ،m !nHi!A%&); ‫א‬W@õa†þa@kîÛbcë@pbîäÔnÛa
iL‫وא‬،;@‫א‬L aLO‫';دא‬/LL ‫א‬LE]eJ3$‫א و‬W {.E ‫و‬a!;'/; ‫א‬
' L[LO‫دوא‬FL, ‫א‬jL ‫زع‬L3/L@‫وאز‬LjLi ¸D Lf."L"‫ز‬iLW ;'/j) ‫א‬
‫ج‬LL"‫אא‬GLL4; L ‫אوא‬ULL @ALL!0PLL‫و&א‬LLLL;'/LL# h‫א‬L 5‫ ' وא‬LL[g L f|‫א‬LL‫وא‬
‫ن‬3'‫א‬A!# !;@‫ א‬aO‫سدא‬J!;'/ ‫א‬W {;'3‫و‬،E '/3‫'لو‬fM‫א‬Q® 4H
UL @‫'لو‬fM‫א‬dG4U @j] !Q) e)K!‫و‬،E , ‫א‬r‫ز‬3;'P‫وא‬u/@W e)K‫א‬
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;'/LeL‫ز‬3L$‫و‬L ""‫ ز‬Ll&‫א‬WL #L ‫@!א)[ }א‬A!O‫مא)(دوא‬c‫א‬
dGLL4uLL‫א‬3WLL QLL‫وא‬rLL‫אز‬-LLgKhLL ‫) א‬LLLL 4‫ن‬LL(LL ،‫ع‬LL !.LL
٦٤٠
٢٠٢٠; J٥٨‫א א –د‬67 8
;'/LL Ll&M‫א‬ALL‫و‬EPLL ALLg /LL‫ ' א‬LL[)‫א|א‬LLM‫א‬dGLL4E LL ‫و‬EPLL ‫ق‬LLgO‫وא‬LL‫א‬
‫د‬Lk‫وא‬L`‫دא‬L"‫و‬WL L%O‫א‬L‫א‬dGL4L> !‫ق‬h-‫مא)( ع‬$$‫و‬a‫!د‬
K; ygT 0P‫@لא‬kgK‫א‬E XD‫وא‬
QL> ‫[لא‬L@AL!(L ،j'Lf‫}א‬L°‫و‬d0‫א"א‬%‫و‬W ; ‫אא‬GE0P‫مא‬$J
0PL‫א‬0L"QL> ‫א‬AL!dnL‫و‬EiL‫ אقאو‬L@‫وא‬QLl ‫وא‬QL 3&‫א‬AL!%O‫א‬L‫';א‬/ c‫א‬
L4‫א‬L ‫)د‬3%&L Ll&M‫';وא‬/‫א‬%'gEm j !; ‫و @א‬, ‫ א‬W 0‫א‬l‫א‬#n
d/L 0PL¥L ?jg LfiL‫و‬LL]‫وא‬# !d¸[g ‫א‬A!0‫"א‬r 3#R،4/‫א‬
, ‫ א‬D‫א‬h‫א‬W j
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j)/LLaGLL‫وא‬%O‫א‬LL #m ‫&وא‬LL'‫א‬.LLl‫א‬.LL q‫א‬0LL )‫[لא‬LL@ALL!LL ‫א‬e '/LLg
#m ‫א‬np ‫א‬j)/;'f4‫و‬O‫אوא‬p!s ‫'["א‬f#n،.![M‫א‬. q‫א‬0 )‫א‬
.LJ AL'?‫' ;אא‬/‫א א‬%‫د‬B-0P‫دو&א‬W ; ‫א‬S 4‫و‬
AL!‫و‬QLl ‫وא‬QL 3&‫[لא‬L@A! iM‫א‬Q!‫ د‬3r!‫و‬،j[@A!; ‫א‬F‫אن‬
L ' ! ‫א ;د‬F‫;ذ}אن‬،O‫אوא‬E 'f‫א‬Q‫א‬dGq OP‫א‬Q> ‫א‬#R
WL LS3LE) 33‫و‬E]‫وאא‬0‫א‬lM‫אنא‬F]‫و‬Kj¶0‫אא‬K‫وא‬.J ‫א‬r![ !H!
AL!dnL‫אز&قو‬FL@‫وא‬L‫نא‬L L ‫א‬v)L3] ‫ (א‬،%k!‫و‬RH! Q ,
K..;'/A'‫و‬QHi‫א‬dG4EOlz‫אنא‬M‫א‬
LaGL‫جא‬L"‫ א‬g LfrL!‫و‬0‫א‬LlM‫ وא‬Ll&M‫'لوא‬fM‫א‬p.&‫ א‬4‫'ن‬g
! ‫ ;א‬ei‫! א‬E‫א‬eJ cg;'/‫א‬4j]{‫و‬d‫]א‬F@‫وא‬J] ‫و"دא‬W

٦٤١

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r!u/@، ] ! !O‫دوא‬،;'/‫א ن! א‬A!t‫אא‬WÐÛaÝàÈÛaÀòß‡ƒn¾apbßb©a
j] !dnz,Q)،ED® 4W ] !‫'ل‬f‫א‬،‫وא 'ج‬
‫ ن‬#J 3 ، ‫ א ] א‬t‫א‬M‫ א‬A! 8 A %&) ; ‫ א‬W õa†þa kîÛbcë pbîäÔnÛa
)/5‫ א‬Q ‫ א‬A! 8 P‫ وא‬، . ‫ א א‬ri! ;'f G@{ @‫ وא‬a 4‫אא‬
Ji ‫ א‬i! W rl3 ‫ وא‬،.![M‫ א‬A ‫'ل א‬f‫ א‬E QH ‫א ' א‬
‫א غ‬JiA'‫و‬.![M‫א‬A ‫'لא‬f‫ א‬P‫א‬Em، ] ‫א‬t‫א‬2‫א‬r!s]i/‫א‬
t‫א‬M‫ א ; א‬0P‫ ض א‬Jh r! ; ‫א‬G4 ;‫ و‬، ‫ 'ج א ; א‬M‫ א‬A! t‫ אא‬W
Kj ‫وא‬j3H ‫) א‬/5‫א‬t‫א‬M‫א‬dG4W EOl# g، ‫א ] א‬
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LL‫وא‬LL`‫א‬ALL!LL-;LL ‫א‬FLL]E L l‫و‬LLE3$‫و‬LLE]‫אא‬nLLz3‫و‬d0LLlM‫عא‬LL 3rLL!
LK‫א‬jL " V‫א א وא نوא‬j3!@‫و‬y ‫א ;א‬, p!; 3 f‫א‬
jL3H ‫א‬LEg‫א‬h‫) وא‬/L5‫א‬t‫א‬M‫ א‬F!W Q/]‫אא‬0‫א‬lM‫ (א‬K ! ‫ود‬
j'LL f;LL ‫א‬ALL!eLL kg0‫א‬LL lM‫[لوא‬LLm‫א‬QLL {g،LL ] ‫א‬t‫א‬LLM‫א‬PLL ‫غوא‬LL ‫جא‬LL' M‫وא‬
K XK‫وא‬j8Hi‫א‬
WLi‫א‬jL3!@‫و‬jL![!D[L@‫وא‬dL‫زوא‬D[@‫وא‬j3M‫و‬r‫א‬Q> !‫ ع‬3r!P‫وא‬
Knz‫وא‬H‫א‬0P‫@[لא‬A!Q{3 !E‫א‬
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%JLLLL‫א‬WiLLg;LLJRjLL‫{ن‬LL‫و‬LL`‫وא‬u/LL5‫א‬ALL!;LLjLL]{‫;و‬LL ‫א‬LLEV
] ‫א‬jA'‫و‬j g f‫و‬jO #3&‫א‬aG‫وא‬،.OP‫א‬T ‫א‬d‫א‬aG‫وא¾א‬
K}‫ذ‬Q‫אא‬
dGLE#E3L$[‫و‬L ‫א‬QL!5‫א‬dGL4pLL!L$[ ‫ א‬$W ‫א‬y ‫אא ;א‬G4‫אن‬
AL! 3K‫دאوא‬XK‫אنא ;א‬Fj kg.J ‫א‬A4Ge3&‫א ] وאא‬Q‫א‬
j@&‫و‬j JR‫@[ل‬
L!@-j!cL‫א‬L " '‫א‬QL i !jL‫م‬J3aG‫אو&א‬W ; ‫אא‬G4‫א‬
C‫وא دא‬a J3nC‫א‬a J‫ل‬,‫א‬-.M‫א‬nR{‫א‬q( ،‫ن‬P‫א‬#3‫';و‬/‫א‬
jRH!p Fn J‫א‬j!5‫';وא‬/‫&א‬i36Hg‫א د‬n
٦٤٢
٢٠٢٠; J٥٨‫א א –د‬67 8

(٥) ‫ﺍﻟﻌﻤﻞ ﺭﻗﻢ‬
#١٢EF‫ ع‬3&٤٠C٢٠dJ‫א‬WÝàÈÛa†bÈic
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‫ن‬g f‫ن[ ' ن‬E e)K!‫אنو‬nz,‫ن[ ' ن‬#4 ‫طو‬zP‫ א‬2‫א‬
KK‫אوא‬d‫! د‬0‫א‬j !E"‫א‬rl3‫وא‬plaque} [)‫א‬O ,4 aG‫א‬
TJg‫|وא‬W 3%‫وא‬H ,W ‫ل‬M‫א‬dG4‫و‬
;'/LL3‫ن‬LL '%/LL ‫ א‬L fM‫א‬Q‫ذא‬LL ‫א د‬QLL ) .LL E'‫&א‬LL ‫ ;א‬LL,3‫[ل‬LL @ALL !
; '/L‫م‬LJ34&‫و‬L‫وא‬O ,5‫א ضא‬Gg‫@[ل]א‬A!‫و‬KKKE f‫@[لא‬A! ‫א‬
O ‫א‬dG4r‫ز‬3Jh‫@[ل‬A!#}‫אنوذ‬M‫وא‬0‫א‬lM‫طوא‬i5‫א‬A!%"o&
&‫א‬L'3WL ;L 3‫و‬g Lf‫ن‬L'3L$‫و‬LgK'0PL‫و&א‬LL3LE"LqO L‫א‬dGEg،K
LL hj Lf‫א‬#LL3 g;LL JM‫א‬LL3MFLL@‫א‬LLE"‫و‬،LL LLgKC‫א‬4‫אد‬LL‫;א‬LL‫'ل‬LfM‫א‬
‫א‬G'4‫و‬F@‫א‬jJiEE "}‫ وذ‬O!‫و‬Ji
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TLi@‫ون‬t)‫אوא‬j) ‫ א‬f‫@[لא‬A!0P‫א‬E #3&‫א‬$‫و‬O , 4‫و‬
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٦٤٣

, ‫אא‬-. '/‫א‬0‫دא‬2‫ א‬3-4&‫!ودو‬5‫' " א‬3
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K; ‫אא‬GqjX ‫א` لא‬-j& 4‫'ن‬3،jg[@‫אو‬j"‫אא‬G4
t)LL ‫א‬LL )hLL E !%nKLL ;LL !‫ א‬LL k ]‫ن‬LL '3LL E3 º#LL 33LL ‫א‬LL ‫وאنא‬
‫א‬G'4‫و‬n)‫אم‬nz,، ‫אنندאم‬.E'‫א‬
;LL ! E /LL '‫نאن‬LL ‫א‬r iLL QLL J3‫و‬QLL !@ALL !jLL !J3LL !‫و‬LL " '‫אنא‬
ALL'‫و‬jLLkO]&LLi3ALLaLLm ‫&א‬LLhM‫وא‬QLLm ‫א‬WLL d‫د‬LL‫وא‬KKKK،uLLX‫ون‬LL)g،uLLk‫وא‬
s ‫א‬j ‫و!'ن‬E3‫א‬i@# l&{!j)/3D
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" '‫א‬Q i ‫א‬A!%‫ د‬M‫@[لא‬A! )k‫د אא@;א‬BCB;,‫ «א‬J
;L .OL )‫وא‬.!LE ‫א‬L )‫א‬WL L {‫א‬d‫ ودא‬L‫وو‬T L‫!و‬5‫אنא‬C‫;א‬,‫ «א‬J
KE3‫ذא‬-.4‫و‬،y ‫א‬
،LL ‫لא‬LL2‫א‬LL O ‫ل‬LL‫;و‬LL)3-‫م‬LLq‫و&א‬LL‫א‬LL " '‫א‬Q‫א‬RSLL‫وא‬TOLL‫א‬eLL) J
ALg.L j3L' ]‫&אوא‬L'‫אًوא‬LBLK%L"uL ‫א‬3‫'لو‬Lf‫و‬#m]‫ق‬K)]‫א‬-e4‫و‬
KA/ ‫وא‬a‫نא`د‬J‫א‬
a‫د‬LL ‫א‬rLLi‫א‬n Lz3-‫ل‬LL3M‫א‬TOLL‫ودو&و‬،ALL ‫א‬-;LL ‫א‬LLR2‫א‬LL " '‫}א‬LL ° J
LLo&WLL LLK`‫א‬LL " '‫א‬TOLL‫א‬nR{LL3LL"&‫د‬LLg n)LL‫س‬LLWLL ‫ن‬LLALL
K ‫א‬j'f-m ‫א‬%‫د‬BCBj g‫ود‬A ‫א‬dXdn' 3‫א نو‬
LKi L‫א‬Q‫دوא‬2‫אאدوא‬e "‫א‬n) ‫א> وא‬Q ]'!^‫א' " א‬Qg‫ و‬J
.‫א ن‬a ‫א‬h
jLL® 4‫;و‬LL ‫';א‬LLfLLE gnLLz3%LL"LL7LL)‫نא‬LL ‫א‬LL " '‫א‬QLL!5‫א‬QLL!‫ א‬J
;'/L '/L‫ א‬L‫وא‬0‫دא‬2‫قא‬Lh.L QLR‫و‬dL"‫א‬3AL!‫و‬،‫د‬L ‫و‬jiO‫و‬Qnz3‫و‬
K‫'&א ن‬g X‫و‬u‫א‬
jLL h)3&‫وא‬jLL @‫א‬3‫ و‬L ‫א‬#LL ‫ل‬LL 8-0LL ‫א‬6LL 7‫و‬QLL m ‫א‬ALL!‫د‬LL &LL EV#ELL J
uL‫א‬$&Em0 ‫لא‬8-Q‫ א‬i‫وא‬،Qz ‫א` وא‬0 '‫;א‬K!F@2‫ مא‬
&LL ‫وضא‬LLeLL]'g،LL " '‫א‬QLL!5‫א‬ULL V3‫אمو‬cLL‫א‬.LL jLLS!dLL"jLL g
pLL;LL, ‫א‬TLL5‫א‬Q‫د‬LLLL‫وא‬%LL>‫א‬%&LLK‫א‬LLK،LL4n‫و‬0PLL‫א‬ALLg‫"אمو‬LLq‫وא‬
KR‫! א`א‬r8‫و‬R‫א`א‬
KA ‫א‬-o‫ دא‬3-#4·، c‫א א‬QM‫مא‬J3;V-Q!5‫א‬Q‫ د‬3 J
٦٤٤
٢٠٢٠; J٥٨‫א א –د‬67 8
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;LL an)LL ‫نא‬PLL‫';وא‬/LL‫א‬-LL O!‫א‬n)LL 36LLLL· LL ‫وא‬#LL ‫وא‬ALL ‫א‬pLL
Ky ‫א‬
%LL m]‫ل‬LL .LL %LL >‫א‬Q LL ‫وא‬LL K`‫א‬Qg/LL M‫وא‬LL ‫א‬QLL m ‫א‬QLL R J
K ‫א‬#qj ,p] ‫א‬
LL .LL 0LL ‫א‬E!LL $LL ‫א‬LL " '‫وא‬LL ‫א‬Q!ELL M‫א‬ALL !‫ن‬LL ‫ دא‬LL ‫ א‬J
‫ل‬LL `‫א‬ALL ً‫א‬LL LL H 3Q‫ودوא‬،LL )‫א‬j3¸LL 3‫ز‬LL ¦‫א‬-%‫ود‬LL _nLL z‫א‬LL E3]'!
F‫אز‬LL !;LL g‫و‬LL ً‫אزא‬LL gB‫و‬،FLL @2‫א‬LL J‫א‬TOLL LL ‫و‬i‫وא‬%OLL ‫א‬# 4LL ‫وא‬
." '‫وא‬. ‫א‬j!J
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WW !E4Q ,3%CB‫ }א&א‬3A!()‫@ א‬
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‫وא‬#‫لא‬8-E !
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Lo&L J‫و‬jL D&L ‫א‬OL‫א‬ALH 3d')!j gQ® 4‫'لو‬f6‫א‬HM ‫א‬
K !E ‫א‬j3E"3‫و‬d&'g‫و‬j&R; 3‫א ن‬
0‫دא‬2‫א‬LL L 3-LL 4&‫ودو‬LL !5‫א‬LL L " '.R‫א‬LL ‫و‬LL "LL 4LL L!;LL '‫م‬LL 4M‫א‬%&‫و‬LL l J
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K١٩٨٧،‫"! אن‬،d‫&د&א‬
K`‫' " א‬T)3‫א‬, ‫א‬A ‫א‬A!Q‫&א‬c ‫א‬Q‫א‬WW]) ‫א‬Df J٢
K١٩٩٥،‫"! אن‬، ‫ א א‬،n"!&،W ‫وقא‬G‫א‬0‫א‬RBWg4&‫ودو‬
٦٤٥

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K١٩٧٣%4J‫א‬n!2‫) א‬i‫–א‬/!5‫א א‬az ‫א‬#k ‫ א‬J٥
K٢٠٠٧KC‫و‬2‫) א‬i‫א‬K‫אدذ‬Sg3K g‫د&א و‬،y ‫א‬J ‫א‬W ‫وم‬n" J٦
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EA ‫– א‬A ‫א‬s‫– و‬A ‫א‬F# T " '‫?א' " وא نوא ?א‬W
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E " '‫א‬-A ‫א‬Q – ‫ وא‬$‫א نא‬QRH!F ‫ وא‬$‫وא نא‬
١٩٩٢–. ‫ول–دא&א 'א‬2‫א‬0>‫–א‬, ‫א‬. '/‫א‬A ±&‫א‬2‫א‬WA_A J٩
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Kx&3
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K٢٠٠٠،‫"! אن‬، ‫ א א‬،n"!&
{n"!&{, ‫אא‬-uk ;@& ‫א‬Q J3W_0 l١٣
K‫م‬٢٠١١{‫{"! אن‬ ‫א א‬
١٩٨٤،‫אض‬،‫"! א } د‬، ‫وא א‬A ‫א‬-QH i!W‫ل‬/‫א‬a) ‫א‬yz‫ )א‬J١٤
K١٩٩١،%4J‫א‬،. ‫);א‬J‫א‬،aw,; )]3،& ‫א‬W‫ن‬°&4 ]‫א‬g J١٥
/LL !‫&د‬LL ،LL n4>‫א‬LL gJK‫وא‬LL ‫א د‬LL gJK‫א‬WLL ‫א‬LL )ALL ‫א‬nLL @LL 3W L ‫دو‬LL J١٦
K١٩٩٣gJK‫א‬%&‫وزא‬Q‫&א‬/ !
rLLi‫®نא‬/LL! ‫א‬L® q‫א‬،‫ن‬L ‫א‬QH iL!،LLK`‫א‬%&PL`‫א‬VL #Lk !WL ‫א‬Lz ‫א‬rL8١٧
K١٩٨٠،%4J‫א‬،n!2‫א‬
K ١٩٨٧،!،& '^‫א‬، >‫א‬D& ‫دא&א‬، >‫א نא‬%{/]‫ א>لو‬gW‫ _&ن‬J١٨
٢٠٠١،|' ! ‫ ®אא‬q‫א‬،A/ ‫نא‬J‫א‬-A ‫א‬W.] )‫ _دא‬J١٩
٦٤٦
٢٠٢٠; J٥٨‫א א –د‬67 8
LS‫א‬،;L @aLcgWL3،L >‫א‬Lk‫وא‬AL ‫وقא‬GL3CB;@!–o‫א&א‬W ]‫ن‬R] J٢٠
K١٩٩٢،Q‫و‬n،Q‫א &א‬
%‫د‬g^‫א`(وא‬eH ‫א‬Wg} [)‫!א‬µ; '/ n) ‫' وא‬/‫א‬# J‫א‬W‫]&ض‬F4 J٢١
K٢٠٠٢،‫"! אن‬، ‫ א א‬،n"!&، ‫א א‬WgE !
،uLL'‫א‬LL،# L `‫א‬LL)|LL)‫א‬LLg،ULL‫د‬LL_LL_LL3، LL‫وא‬ALL ‫א‬WLL&QLL4 J٢٢
١٩٧٤،KK‫) א‬i‫א‬،%4J‫א‬
23- F. Russoli, D. mitch inson:"henry more sculpture", Macmillan, London, 1981,
https://newsabah.com/newspaper/8630124-
٦٤٧

, ‫אא‬-. '/‫א‬0‫دא‬2‫ א‬3-4&‫!ودو‬5‫' " א‬3
Abstract
This research, which aims to reach a range of new academic
entrances emerging from take advantage of material technology and its role
in developing the visual performance in contemporary painting , and
cognitive content necessary for technical trends based on the employment
of multimedia and light effects and sound and kinetic , And to try to reach
the latest technological possibilities in the contemporary technology
through the sources of the age of technological means, and provide the
content of the necessary knowledge on the technical trends based on the
employment of technological media.
To address this study in its various aspects It included research
Introduction, research problem ,importance, purposes, delimitations ,
assumptions , hypotheses , methodology , importance, objectives,
methodology, research steps and includes the theoretical framework and the
applied framework , Important Terms It included technolgy , technique ,
concept of the material , contemporary painting
Then the theoretical framework came to address the raw material
and expressive visions developed, artistic institutions at the beginning of the
twentieth century and the interdependence of the relationship between
science and art, artistic groups and technological contributions, postmodern
arts and technological media and scientific and technological development,
the most important postmodern artists who dealt with technological raw
materials, contemporary art and technology Holograms, interactive media,
search experience, results, recommendations and finally references
٦٤٨

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‫ﺗﻜﻨﻮﻟﻮﺟﻴﺎ ﺍﳋﺎﻣﺔ ﻭﺩﻭﺭﻫﺎ ﰲ ﺗﻨﻤﻴﺔ ﺍﻷﺩﺍء ﺍﻟﺘﺸﻜﻴﻠﻲ ﰲ ﺍﻟﺘﺼﻮﻳﺮ ﺍﳌﻌﺎﺻﺮ‬

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