The Effectiveness of Cymbopogon Citratus and Capsicum Frutescens

In Eliminating Mosquitoes

Mosquito-borne diseases, such as malaria, dengue, and zika, continue to pose significant health risks
worldwide. Traditional methods of mosquito control often rely on chemical insecticides, which can have
negative environmental effects and lead to the development of insecticide resistance. Therefore, there is a
growing need to explore natural and sustainable alternatives to mosquito control.

Cymbopogon citratus and Capsicum frutescens have shown potential as natural mosquito repellents.
Cymbopogon citratus contains citronella, a volatile oil known for its mosquito repelling properties. Capsicum
frutescens, specifically its active component, capsaicin, has also been found to deter pests. However, the
effectiveness of using a combination of Cymbopogon citratus and Capsicum frutescens to eliminate
mosquitoes requires further investigation.

This study assessed the effectiveness of Cymbopogon citratus and Capsicum frutescens in repelling and
eliminating mosquitoes. By conducting experiments and collecting data on mosquito behavior and mortality
rates, this study sought to determine the efficacy of these natural repellents. These findings contribute to the
development of eco-friendly and sustainable mosquito control strategies.

The importance of this research lies in its potential to provide an alternative to chemical insecticides,
reducing their environmental impact, and minimizing the risk of insecticide resistance. Additionally, if
Cymbopogon citratus and Capsicum frutescens proved to be effective in eliminating mosquitoes, they could
offer a cost-effective solution for mosquito control in areas where these plants are readily available.

From a societal perspective, this research has the potential to positively impact public health,
particularly in regions heavily affected by mosquito-borne diseases. By providing an accessible and natural
method of mosquito control, communities can reduce the risk of disease transmission and improve their
overall well-being.

In terms of practical application, the use of Cymbopogon citratus and Capsicum frutescens as mosquito
repellents could be easily integrated into daily life. For instance, these substances could be incorporated into
lotions, sprays, or even household items like candles or diffusers. This would not only provide a natural and
eco-friendly method of mosquito control, but also promote the use of local resources, thereby supporting
local economies. Furthermore, the pleasant aroma of Cymbopogon citratus and the warming sensation of chili
could enhance the user experience, making these options more appealing to the public. This research,
therefore, opens up new avenues for innovation in the field of natural pest control, paving the way for a
healthier and more sustainable future.

1.) How does the occurrence of Cymbopogon citratus and Capsicum frutescens affect their effectiveness
in eliminating insects?
2.) What is the difference between repelling and eliminating specific insects, such as mosquitoes?
3.) How does the use of Capsicum frutescens work in comparison to the use of Cymbopogon citratus?

Goals:
1. To find out if using Cymbopogon citratus and Capsicum frutescens may effectively ward off or kill
mosquitoes.
2. To comprehend how the combination of Cymbopogon citratus and Capsicum frutescens repels insects.
3. To evaluate the environmental effects and safety of employing these home medicines as a mosquito
repellent.

Expected Outcomes:
1. Determination of the active ingredients in Cymbopogon citratus and Capsicum frutescens that ward off
mosquitoes.
2. Information about the methods by which Cymbopogon citratus and Capsicum frutescens repel mosquitoes,
which could help create natural insect repellents that work even better.
3. There is evidence that commercial mosquito repellents can be safely and environmentally avoided when
using Cymbopogon citratus and Capsicum frutescens.

1.) The occurrence of Cymbopogon citratus and Capsicum frutescens in a given area positively correlates with
their effectiveness in eliminating insects, due to their inherent properties.
2.) Repelling insects, such as mosquitoes, only deters them from a specific area, while eliminating them
reduces their overall population.
3.) Capsicum frutescens is more effective in eliminating mosquitoes due to its stronger active compounds
compared to Cymbopogon citratus.

The research study is experimental and shall be conducted so as to determine the larvicidal effect of
Cymbopogon citratus (Lemon grass) and Capsicum frutescens (Chili Powder). Two various controls will be
used, classified as: the experimental group [50mL crude extract of Cymbopogon citratus (Lemon grass) and a
50% concentration of Capsicum frutescens (Chili Powder)], and the negative control (50mL distilled water).

The team shall conduct the experiment at Puerto San Pedro, Bien Unido, Bohol (Arwin’s Residence). The
team shall secure the apparatus and materials necessary for the experiment. Safety must be observed
throughout the experiment.

The focal subject of this study will be Cymbopogon citratus (Lemon grass), Capsicum frutescens (Chili) and
Mosquitoes, mosquitoes act as vectors for most of the life threatening diseases like malaria, yellow fever,
dengue fever, zika, and others. The Cymbopogon citratus (Lemon grass) crude extract and a 50%
concentration of Capsicum frutescens (Chili) are to be treated against Mosquitoes to determine any larvicidal
activity possibly present in these plants.

The researchers shall utilize specific equipment in order to obtain crude extract out of the Cymbopogon
citratus (Lemon grass) leaves and powderize the Capsicum frutescens (Chili Powder) fruit.
To extract the lemon grass leaves, the following materials are needed:
•Cymbopogon citratus (Lemon grass)
•Ethanol
•Mortar and pestle or blender
•Clean cloth
•Funnel
•Container for collection

To powderize the Capsicum frutescens (Chili) fruit, the following materials are needed:
•Food dehydrator or oven (Optional)
•Mortar and pestle or blender
•Sieve
I. Mosquitoes Collection
The Mosquitoes can be collected from their variety of habitats where mosquitoes are known to breed or rest,
such as wetlands, forests, urban areas, or specific households. To collect mosquitoes we need to set up our
traps or nets in our chosen sites which is in Arwin’s Residence. For the adult mosquitoes we can use light traps
and aspirators.

II. Procurement of lemon grass leaves and Chili fruit

Fresh, unsullied leaves of Cymbopogon citratus (Lemon grass) and ripe and dry fruits of Capsicum frutescens
(Chili) shall be procured from the market or backyard gardens. The leaves and fruit must be placed in suitable
containers accordingly.

III. Ethanol Leaf Extract Preparation

Using Ethanol to extract Cymbopogon citratus (Lemon grass), these steps must be followed:
1. Wash and clean the fresh Lemon grass to remove impurities.
2. Cut the lemon grass into small pieces
3. A mortar and pestle or a blender is used to grind the lemon grass into a coarse paste.
4. Place the ground lemon grass into a clean container.
5. Add 70% ethanol to cover the lemon grass completely.
6. Seal the container and let it sit for 24 hours, occasionally agitating the mixture.
7. After the extraction period of 24 hours, filter the mixture through a clean cloth to separate the liquid
extract from the plant material. Place the extracted liquid in a clean container and label.
8. Use a gentle heat source to evaporate the ethanol, leaving behind the extracted compounds.
9. To prevent degradation, store the lemon grass extract in a sealed dark container.

IV. Chili powder preparation

1. Choose ripe and dry chili fruits
2. Remove the stems
3. The chili fruits shall be dried under the sun for 1 week or by using an oven or any food dryer
4. Grind the dried chili fruits using a mortar and pestle or a blender.
5. Sieve the ground chili
6. Store in a suitable container

Divide the mosquitoes into different groups. Each group should be placed in a container with a net on
top. Spray each container with the extract of Cymbopogon citratus, Capsicum frutescens. The effectiveness of
Cymbopogon citratus (Lemon grass) and Capsicum frutescens (Chili) will be determined by the calculated
percentage of mortality of mosquitoes.

In early 1990's discovering alternative medicine is roaring around, it's either medicinal intake or another.
During summer we used to see ourselves having fun outdoor. Mosquitoes ruin outdoor parties, family
barbecues and night spend time with your friends. By this there's this invention of lemongrass and chili
powder that keeping the mosquitoes away and less around to us.

Mosquitoes, scientifically known as Culicidae, are a group of small insects that feed on other animals’
blood. As the temperature gets warmer and warm-weather pests become active, people may seek ways to
protect themselves from mosquito bites. Lemongrass, also known as Cymbopogon citratus, is a powerful herb
with many medicinal properties. It has a strong citruslike smell that some believe can act as a natural mosquito
repellent. But does lemongrass work?Using lemongrass as a mosquito repellent is simple and straightforward:
Crush or cut up the plant leaves and rub them onto your skin or clothing. The more pungent smell will act as a
deterrent for mosquitoes. Another option is to purchase essential oils from lemongrass and apply them
topically or apply them to or near a bug zapper in your backyard to keep those pesky mosquitoes away.

Using any form of insecticide or pest control should always be done with caution and understanding the
potential health risks involved with exposure to these products. Therefore it is important to read labels
carefully before using any product containing insecticides or any other potentially harmful ingredients, such as
those found in lemongrass-based products.
Considering the environmental impacts of using insecticides or any other pest control product is also
important. The use of insecticides can lead to changes in wildlife populations or adverse effects on the
environment in general, so it’s important to ensure that these products are used responsibly whenever
possible.

Potential risks are minimal, but skin irritation is possible, especially with chili powder. Safety precautions
include patch testing on a small area before widespread use. Always consult with a healthcare professional if
you have concerns or reactions. For optimal mosquito protection, consider using proven repellents and follow
recommended safety guidelines.

Using any form of insecticide or pest control should always be done with caution and understanding the
potential health risks involved with exposure to these products. Therefore it is important to read labels
carefully before using any product containing insecticides or any other potentially harmful ingredients, such as
those found in lemongrass-based products. Use protective measures when handling pesticides as directed by
the label, such as wearing impermeable gloves, long pants, and long-sleeve shirts. Change clothes and wash
your hands immediately after applying pesticides.

Before applying a pesticide (indoors or outdoors), remove children, toys and pets from the area and keep
them away until the pesticide has dried or as recommended by the label. Remove or cover food during indoor
applications.

Considering the environmental impacts of using insecticides or any other pest control product is also
important. The use of insecticides can lead to changes in wildlife populations or adverse effects on the
environment in general, so it’s important to ensure that these products are used responsibly whenever
possible.

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3. Ćetković, G., Đorđević, T., & Radojević, I. (2020). Application of Cymbopogon citratus in AgroFood
Industry. Facta Universitatis, Series: Mechanical Engineering, 18(2), 209-221.

4. Lothrop, H. D., Lothrop, B. B., & Gage, K. L. (2018). An online survey of personal mosquitorepellent
strategies. PeerJ, 6, e5151.

5. Ng, W. L., Azlan, A. M., & Ghazi, H. F. (2021). Lemongrass. In M. H. H. N. Adzahan, & N. H. M. Ariffin
(Eds.), Agronomy and economy of black pepper and cardamom (pp. 49-65). Springer.