Vernier Constant or Least Count- The smallest

value that can be measured by an instrument is

called its least count (LC). In case of Vernier
calliper, the LC is called Verneir Constant (VC).
VC or LC is calculated as the difference one
main scale division (MSD) and one Vernier
Scale division (VSD).
VC or LC = 1MSD – 1VSD
10 VOD = 9 MSD
1VSD = 9/10 MSD
= 10-9/100 = .01 cm

Procedure
1.Find the VC of Vernier callipers.
2.Find the zero error of the instrument, if any.
3.Grip the hollow cylinder object gently with
help of lower jaws as in fig 1.1.
4.Note the main scale reading just before the
zero mark of Vernier scale.
 5.Record the Vernier scale division coinciding
with any main scale division.
6.Repeat step 3,4 and 5 by rotating the body
by 90 degree.
7.Take there sets of observations and
calculate mean diameter.
8.Apply zero correction and find the
corrected diameter of the body.
Observation table:-
Inner diameter (dr)

S.NO MSR VSR=CD X LC MSR+VSR

Average diameter = 1+2+3\3=

D1=
D1\2=r1
Outer diameter

SN. MSR VSR=CD X LC MSR +VSR

Average diameter is =1+2+3 =………………….

3
D2 = …………………
D2 /2 = r2
Depth

SN. MSR VSR= CD X LC MSR+VSR

 Average diameter is = 1+2+3 =…………………..
3
D3 =…………………
D3 =r3
2

Calculation- Volume of hollow cylinder

V = πr2h =cm3

Result- The diameter of the given body is ………..cm.

Precaution-
I. Motion of Vernier callipers should be
smooth .
II. The Vernier constant and zero error should
be calculated carefully before taking
observations.
III. Undue pressure on body by vernier callipers
should be avoided.