Catholic High School Level 2 Mathematics

Catholic High School

2024 Level 2 Mathematics
Book 2A Chapter 4 – Expansion and Factorisation
5
using Special Algebraic Identities

Name: Date:
Class:

Contents

No. Topic Page

4.1 Expansion using Special Algebraic Identities 2
4.2 Factorisation using Special Algebraic Identities 6
Summary 8
“Challenge Yourself”

Chapter 4 Expansion and Factorisation using Special Algebraic Identities 1

Catholic High School Level 2 Mathematics

Objectives

At the end of this chapter, you should be able to

4.1 Recognise and apply the three special algebraic identities to expand algebraic expressions
4.2 recognise and apply the three special algebraic identities to factorise algebraic expressions

4.1 Expansion Using S______________ Algebraic

I________________

We have:

Chapter 4 Expansion and Factorisation using Special Algebraic Identities 2

Catholic High School Level 2 Mathematics

Geometrical Proof of ( a + b ) :
2

Geometrical Proof of a 2 − b 2 :

a b
a b
b

Example 1
Expand the following, using algebraic identities.
(a) ( x + 5)
2

( 2 x + 3)
2
(b)

( y − 7)
2
(c)

(3 y − 4)
2
(d)

Chapter 4 Expansion and Factorisation using Special Algebraic Identities 3

Catholic High School Level 2 Mathematics

Example 2
Expand the following, using algebraic identities.
(a) ( x + 2 )( x − 2 )

(b) ( 2a − 3)( 2a + 3)

(c) ( 5 − m )( 5 + m )

Example 3 (Optional) Note:

Expand and simplify the following. ( a − b ) = − (b − a )
(a) ( x − 3)( 3 + x ) ( 9 − x 2 )

− (3 y + 2) + ( 2 − 3 y )
2 2
(b)

( − x − 1) (1 + x )
2 2
(c)

Chapter 4 Expansion and Factorisation using Special Algebraic Identities 4

Catholic High School Level 2 Mathematics

Example 4
Without using a calculator, evaluate each of the following.
(a) 9022
(b) 4992

(c) 407  393

Example 5
If ( x − y ) = 148 and xy = 50 , find the value of x 2 + y 2 .
2

Homework
Ex 4A TB Pg 92 Qn

Chapter 4 Expansion and Factorisation using Special Algebraic Identities 5

Catholic High School Level 2 Mathematics

4.2 Factorisation Using S______________ Algebraic

I________________
Recall:

Since factorisation is the reverse of expansion,

Example 6
Factorise each of the following expressions completely.
(a) x 2 + 10 x + 25
(b) 9 x 2 + 30 x + 25

(c) x 2 − 14 xy + 49 y 2

(d) 81 − 18y + y 2

Chapter 4 Expansion and Factorisation using Special Algebraic Identities 6

Catholic High School Level 2 Mathematics

Example 7
Factorise each of the following expressions completely.
(a) 16a 2 − 9b2

( 2 x − 1) − 9 y2
2
(b)
32 x 4
(c) −2
162

Example 8
If 25 x 2 − 30 x + k 2 is a perfect square, find the value of k.

Example 9
Given that positive numbers a and b with a  b satisfy the equations a 2 + b2 = 104 and
ab = 20 , find the value of 5 ( a 2 − b2 ) .

Homework
Ex 4B TB Pg 98 Qn

Chapter 4 Expansion and Factorisation using Special Algebraic Identities 7

Catholic High School Level 2 Mathematics

Short Game: Class Discussion

Summary

“Challenge Yourself” TB Pg 100 Qn 3, 4.

Chapter 4 Expansion and Factorisation using Special Algebraic Identities 8