GREEN SOLUTIONS FOR WHITE SHOE STAINS: UNVEILING THE POWER OF

ALOE VERA AND KAMIAS IN AN ECO-FRIENDLY WHITE STAIN REMOVER

FOAMING CREAM

(An Experimental Research)

Mercy Junior College, Inc. Rizal Street, Poblacion

Tubod Lanao Del Norte

Science, Technology, Engineering, and Mathematics

Researchers:

Marrack, Rhianne Gerbie

Carnable, Javie Jane

Ardon, Chienefe

Laca, Noraima

Lahoylahoy, Perlie Kish

Fernandez, Jenzon
 ABSTRACT

This experimental research investigates the effectiveness of a green solution for shoe

stain removal, utilizing Averrhoa Bilimbi and Aloe Barbadensis Miller extracts as primary active

ingredients. The study aims to evaluate the capability of these natural compounds in effectively

eliminating various types of stains commonly encountered on footwear, while prioritizing

environmental sustainability. Through rigorous experimentation and comparative analysis with

conventional stain removers, the research reveals the efficacy (Purposive nana sya, wala naman

mo ga comparative)of the botanical extracts in lifting stains, alongside their eco-friendly

properties. The findings highlight the potential of harnessing natural resources for sustainable

solutions in shoe care, offering insights into environmentally conscious consumer product

development.

ADD some Conclusion or Implications: Provide a brief discussion of the implications of

the findings. What do the results suggest, and how do they contribute to the existing knowledge

in the field? Also, mention any limitations of the study and suggestions for future research.
ACKNOWLEDGEMENT
 CHAPTER I
INTRODUCTION

Introduction

In recent years, there has been a growing concern over the environmental impact of

conventional household products, particularly those containing harsh chemicals. Among these

products, stain removers used for clothing and footwear often contain ingredients that can be

harmful to both human health and the environment. As awareness of sustainability and eco-

conscious living continues to rise, there is an increasing demand for alternative, eco-friendly

solutions that effectively tackle common household tasks while minimizing negative

environmental effects. NGANONG KAINGUN MAN MO NGA PROBLEMA ANG MGA

CONVENTIONAL HOUSEHOLD PRODUCT KARUNG MGA PANAHONA? DAPAT NAA

MOY THEORIES ANI.

Provide an overview of the broader context in which the research is situated. This may

include discussing the relevant literature, theories, or debates related to the topic. The goal is to

establish the significance of the research problem or question.

NEXT PARAGRAPH: Pag state the specific research problem, question, or hypothesis nga

need ninyung i-address. Explain why the research is important or necessary. OWN IDEA NO

NEED FOR CITATION NI SYA.

NEXT PARAGRAPH: Outline the aims or objectives of the study. What do you hope to

achieve or learn through the research? Define the scope of the study by specifying what aspects
of the topic will be addressed and what will be excluded. Also, acknowledge any limitations or

constraints that may affect the research. GINAGMAY LANG SYA. AYAW IHUROT UG INGUN JUD.

JUST AN INTRO GAMAY SA LIMITATION SA INYUNG RESEARCH

LAST PARAGRAPH, NGANONG KANI MAN INYUNG GIHIMO

This chapter serves as an introductory overview ? DON’T STATE IT LIKE THAT! of

a study aimed at addressing this pressing issue, focusing specifically on the development and

evaluation of eco-friendly stain remover paste formulations for shoe stains. The study explores

the potential of natural ingredients, specifically kamias (Averrhoa bilimbi) and aloe vera (Aloe

barbadensis Miller), in creating an effective and environmentally sustainable solution for

removing shoe stains.

Background of the Study

Exposure to the sun and the demands of our daily activities often lead to the

accumulation of dirt and stains, particularly on the shoes worn by workers and students during

their workdays, various activities, and physical education classes. The challenge of finding time

to effectively clean and maintain shoes is compounded by the unpredictable nature of potential

stains, making it difficult to keep them in pristine condition. Despite the temptation to rely on do-

it-yourself (DIY) cleaning methods, the effectiveness of these approaches often falls short in

comparison to commercial shoe stain remover products, which not only come with a hefty price

tag but can also pose a risk of damaging the shoes.

In response to these concerns, interest has surged in exploring natural and alternative

methods for removing stains from shoes and fabric materials. One such area of study has focused

on the synthetic action of Kamias, also known as “Averrhoa Bilimbi”, in combination with aloe
Vera “Barbadensis Miller” to effectively remove stains from shoes, and other clothing materials.

This natural and improvised approach offers a promising solution that is not only effective but

also economical and environmentally friendly, serving as an alternative to traditional commercial

stain removers. PLEASE PROVIDE RELATED LITERATURE ON THIS PART! ASA MAN

DAW MO GIKAN NGA MAKATANG2X ANG KAMIAS UG ALOEVERA KUNG WALA

MO NAKABASA ASA? PLEASE PROVIDE!

ADD ANOTHER BISAG DUHA LANG KA THEORITICAL FRAMEWORK ABOUT IT.

KANANG MAKATANG2X JUD SYA. BACKGROUND PALANG GANI NA SYA.

The incorporation of Kamias “Averrhoa Bilimbi”and Aloe Vera “Barbadensis Miller” in

stain removal processes presents an innovative and sustainable solution to the challenges posed

by conventional stain removers. By addressing the limitations and potential risks associated with

commercial products, this research endeavors to empower consumers with safer, more

affordable, and environmentally conscious alternatives for maintaining the cleanliness of their

belongings, including shoes and clothing. ASA NAPOD ANG CITAION ANI?

The study of alternative stain removal methods using natural ingredients represents a

significant step towards providing consumers with effective, safe, and sustainable solutions for

addressing the challenges of cleaning and maintaining personal belongings in a safe and

environmentally friendly manner. Researchers aims to prove the effectiveness of using Kamias

and Aloe vera as an eco-friendly Shoe Stain remover.

The purpose of this research is to explore the efficacy of using natural ingredients,

specifically Kamias (Averrhoa Bilimbi) and Aloe Vera (Barbadensis Miller), as an eco-friendly

alternative for removing stains from shoes. By addressing the limitations and risks associated
with conventional commercial stain removers, the study aims to provide consumers with safer,

more affordable, and environmentally conscious solutions for maintaining cleanliness in their

personal belongings. Ultimately, the research seeks to validate the effectiveness of these natural

ingredients in stain removal processes, contributing to the promotion of sustainable practices in

daily cleaning routines.

Statement of the Problem

The study aims to determine the effects and contribution of “Averrhoa Bilimbi”and Aloe

Vera “Barbadensis Miller in production. In addition, to process alternative ingredients from

natural resources as an effective economical and environmentally friendly shoe stain remover

paste.

This study aims to provide answers to the following questions.

1. What are the constituent components necessary for formulating an eco-friendly alternative

foaming shoe stain remover, particularly focusing on the incorporation of kamias and aloe vera?

1.1 Determine the required ingredients, including kamias and aloe vera.

2. What procedural steps are involved in creating a white shoe stain remover?

3. What level of effectiveness does the white shoe stain remover exhibit in stain removal?

Research Objectives

1. To develop an eco-friendly alternative foaming shoe stain remover incorporating kamias and

aloe vera, focusing on ingredient selection.

2. To detail the procedural steps involved in producing a white shoe stain remover, with a focus

on emphasizing eco-friendly methods and practices.

 3. To evaluate the effectiveness of the eco-friendly foaming shoe stain remover, particularly in

terms of its stain removal capabilities.

Significance of the Study

STUDENTS: This study provides students with an opportunity to engage in hands-on

experimental research focused on sustainable solutions for everyday problems. By exploring the

efficacy and eco-friendliness of the stain remover formulated with Averrhoa bilimbi and Aloe

barbadensis Miller, students gain valuable insights into the potential applications of natural

ingredients in product development. This research encourages critical thinking, problem-solving,

and environmental consciousness among students, preparing them for future careers in science,

engineering, and sustainability.

WORKERS: For Workers, this study offers a promising solution to effectively and

sustainably remove shoe stains. The eco-friendly stain remover derived from natural ingredients

not only contributes to maintaining the appearance and longevity of footwear but also aligns with

the growing demand for environmentally conscious products. Workers can benefit from the

practical application of this research by incorporating the developed stain remover into their

cleaning routines, promoting a greener approach to stain removal.

FUTURE RESEARCHERS: This study serves as a foundation for future research

endeavors focusing on eco-friendly alternatives for household cleaning products. Future

researchers can explore further applications of these natural ingredients in various cleaning

formulations. Additionally, this research contributes to the ongoing efforts in sustainable product

development and environmental conservation, inspiring future researchers to investigate

innovative solutions that prioritize both efficacy and eco-friendliness. The findings and
methodologies of this study can guide future research directions aimed at addressing

sustainability challenges in diverse industries.

Scope and Delimitation

This study aims to investigate the effectiveness of aloe vera and kamias as key

components in an eco-friendly stain remover foaming cream specifically designed for white shoe

stains. The scope of the study will focus on the development, formulation, and testing of the stain

remover foam, as well as its application on various types of white shoe materials such as leather,

canvas, and synthetic fabrics.

PLEASE ADD!!!

Geographical Scope: Define the geographical area or region that the study will focus on.

Time Frame: Specify the time period or duration covered by the study.

Population: Describe the target population or sample group that the study will focus on.

Methods: Discuss the research methods and techniques that will be used to collect and analyze

data.

Limitations: Acknowledge any constraints or limitations that may affect the scope or conduct of

the study.

Next is delimitation:

Data Collection: Outline any limitations or constraints related to data collection, such as access

to resources or participants. IBUTANG NGA WALA KAAYU MOY GAMIT SA SCHOOL

LABORATORY FOR TESTING CHEMICALS LIKE PH SCALE AND SOME IMPORTANT CHEMICALS

SO THAT’S WHY INYUNG GIGAMIT IS PURELY NATURAL.

The study will delimit itself to evaluating the stain removal efficacy of the Aloe Vera and

Kamias-based foaming cream on common white shoe stains, including dirt, mud, grass, and food

stains. The research will exclude other types of stains and colors of shoes to maintain focus on

the specific application of the eco-friendly stain remover to white shoes.

The research will delve into exploring the effectiveness of the stain remover formulation.

This includes identifying unique characteristics and mechanisms that contribute to ecological

preservation and resource conservation, without drawing parallels with commercial products.

Moreover, researchers will primarily concentrate on examining the specific attributes of

the eco-friendly stain remover formulation. This includes analyzing the composition, synergistic

effects of Aloe Vera (Averrhoa bilimbi) and Kamias (Aloe barbadensis Miller), and any

additional ingredients contributing to its eco-friendliness

Theoretical Framework ADD MORE Dili lang kay sa Kamias ug Aloe Vera

According to Indian J Dermatol of Indian Journal Dermatology, the use of natural

ingredients for cleaning and maintaining household items has been gaining popularity due to

their eco-friendly nature properties (Indian Journal of Dermatology, 2019). Aloe vera and kamias

are two natural ingredients that have been traditionally used for various purposes, and recent

studies have shown their potential as effective cleaning agents.

Sánchez, M., González-Burgos, E., Iglesias, I., & Gómez-Serranillos, M. P. (2020). Aloe

vera contains bioactive compounds such as aloin, aloe-emodin, and polysaccharides, which

possess antibacterial, antifungal, and anti-inflammatory properties. These compounds make aloe
vera an ideal candidate for stain removal and disinfection. On the other hand, kamias, also

known as bilimbi, is rich in oxalic acid, citric acid, and ascorbic acid, which give it acidic

properties that can effectively break down stains and dirt.

The acidic nature of kamias makes it an excellent agent for breaking down and dissolving

organic stains, including those found on white shoes (Hitalia et al., 2021). When applied to the

stained area, kamias reacts with the components of the stain, effectively loosening and lifting it

from the surface of the shoe. Aloe vera, on the other hand, acts as a gentle yet effective cleanser

due to its antibacterial and antifungal properties (Hitalia et al., 2021). Additionally, the

polysaccharides in aloe vera form a protective layer over the shoe material, preventing further

staining and providing a shine, etc.

Studies have shown that aloe vera and kamias are safe and non-toxic, making them

suitable for use on white shoes without causing damage to the material. Their natural

composition makes them an environmentally friendly alternative to harsh chemical cleaners, and

their efficacy in removing stains has been demonstrated in various cleaning applications (Hitalia

et al., 2021).

The application of aloe vera and kamias as white shoe stain removers can be further

explored through empirical studies to optimize the formulation and application process. Future

research can focus on developing commercial products based on aloe vera and kamias for

household cleaning, taking into account factors such as shelf stability and user-friendliness

Bolea, D. (2019). Acceptability of Kamias Fruit Extract as a Main Ingredient in Stain Remover.

In conclusion, the theoretical framework presented here outlines the scientific basis for

using aloe vera and kamias as a white shoe stain remover. Their chemical composition,
 mechanism of action, efficacy, and safety make them promising natural alternatives for

household cleaning applications. Further research and development in this area can lead to the

creation of eco-friendly, sustainable cleaning products that leverage the potential of these natural

ingredients.

Conceptual Framework

INPUT PROCESS OUTPUT

1. Gather Kamias and Aloe 1. Evaluating an

vera. Environmentally

2. Wash, chop, and juice Sustainable Stain

Kamias; extract Remover Made from

1. Kamias
Aloe gel. Bilimbi and Aloe
2. Alovera
3. Mix Kamias juice and 2. The efficacy of the stain
3. Glycerin
Aloe gel, add remover, featuring
4. Water
glycerin, then water. Averrhoa bilimbi and
5. Cocomidopro
4. Prepare foamy cream Aloe barbadensis Miller,
pyl Betaine
using glycerin and will be assessed by

cocamidopropyl observing its impact on

betaine. Mix well. the removal of stains from

5. Heat, cool, and adjust various surfaces.

consistency. 3. collection of data based

6. Combine foam and on the experiment

stain remover, 4. statistical analysis and

transfer to interpretation

dispenser.
Definition of Terms

The terms below are defined to give a better understanding of the words that are used in

the study.

A stain is defined as a discoloration brought about by contact with a foreign substance

which is difficult to remove.

Calamansi. (also known as kalamansi and calamondin) is a small citrus fruit, with a

bright orange flesh and a peel that goes from green to orange as it ripens. It tastes sour with a

hint of sweetness, like a mix between a lime and a mandarin. It has a distinctive aroma – citrusy

and floral.

Aloe vera is a cactus-like plant that grows in hot, dry climates. It is cultivated in

subtropical regions around the world, including the southern border areas of Texas, New Mexico,

Arizona, and California. Historically, aloe has been used for skin conditions and was thought to

improve baldness and promote wound healing.

Stain remover refers to a substance or product designed to remove stains from surfaces,

fabrics, or materials. Stains can be caused by various substances such as dirt, oil, food, ink, or

biological fluids, and stain removers are formulated to break down and lift these stains, restoring

the affected surface to its original appearance. Research on stain removers typically involves

evaluating their efficacy in removing different types of stains, analyzing their chemical

compositions, exploring their mechanisms of action, assessing their environmental impact, and

comparing their performance with other stain removal methods or products.

 CHAPTER II

REVIEW OF LITERATURE AND STUDIES

This section presents a review of related literature and studies for the current study of the

Green Solutions for Shoe Stains: Unveiling the Power of Aloe Vera And Kamias In An Eco-

Friendly Stain Remover Foaming Cream.

Stain

A stain is a mark or discoloration, and to stain something is to mark it with dirt or color

it, either deliberately or accidentally, according to Vocabulary.com. (n.d.).

Extended exposure to sunlight is a primary reason behind yellow discoloration on shoes.

This occurs due to a chemical interaction between ultraviolet rays and the paint or dye used on

the shoes. Consequently, prolonged sun exposure can lead to the yellowing of your white shoes.

It's inevitable that shoes will become soiled over time; it's simply part of wearing them. White

shoes, in particular, have a tendency to develop a yellowish hue if not cleaned regularly.

Based on “Seven Types of Stain - the Finishing Store” (2020), there are seven variant

types of stains: Oil stains, Gel stains, Lacquer stains, Water soluble dye stains, and Metal-

Conflict Dye stains.

Shoes are the most common to get stained on specifically. White shoes are stylish and

bright when new and clean, but they can get dirty quickly from normal wear (Singh, 2023).

White shoes are a popular wardrobe item, but they easily show scuffs, stains, and dirt that

can make them appear dull and discolored. Sun exposure after washing is a major culprit for
yellowing of white shoes. Detergent or cleaner residue left inside the shoes can also cause

undesirable yellowing. Regular wear over time allows sweat and grime to get lodged in the fabric

or leather, leading to a yellow tint. Proper care and cleaning can help maintain the bright

whiteness of white shoes. However, some yellowing from sun damage, cleaning agents, and

daily wear is expected. Keeping white shoes pristine white involves diligent effort to prevent

stains and protect from discoloration. Still, a slight yellowish hue tends to develop due to the

fragile nature of white materials.

Stain Remover ( Add more here. Kanang nay specific nga citation jud. )

The stain remover is used to remove or mask stains from textiles. According to

(Description: Comparison Between Homemade Stain Remover and Commercial Stain Remover

for Textiles / Nur Syaliza Musa [Et Al.], n.d.). Commercial stain removers are store-bought

cleaning products, usually liquid or powder. Commercial stain remover usually contains

surfactant and hydrogen peroxide. Surfactants in cleaning products allow for the stains to be

suspended using phospholipids, a class of lipids (fats) that have a glycerol, hydrophilic (attracted

to water) head, and two fatty acid chains that are hydrophobic (repel water), and easily washed

away.

Kamias

The bilimbi, Averrhoa bilimbi, L., (Oxalidaceae), is closely allied to the carambola but

quite different in appearance, manner of fruiting, flavor and uses. The tree may be distinguished

readily from the carambola by its larger leaves, which have five to seventeen pairs of leaflets in

place of two to five.

A pretty, usually small or medium sized tree. The tree is long-lived, reaches 16 to 33 ft (5-10 m)

in height. It is easily identified by its thin, bright green, pinnate leaves that dangle their leaflets in

a limp fashion, giving the tree an exhausted air.

The leaves are borne on leaflets often containing several dozen smaller leaf-pairs, which close

together at night. Flowers bloom from the trunk, often in great number toward the bottom of the

tree. Fruits follow, and a single tree often produces hundreds and hundreds of fruits.

Bilimbi is grown in home gardens due to its attractive small purplish-red flowers borne in

clusters along the trunk and branches.

Thulaja (n.d.) The belimbing, also known as camias (or kamias), is native to Malaysia

and Indonesia. It belongs to the same family as the sweeter starfruit, which the Malays call

belimbing manis to distinguish it from the camias, which they call belimbing asam for its sour-

tasting fruits. The fruit’s scientific name, Averrhoa bilimbi, is derived from Averroes (1126 -

1198), a famous Moorish physician, and bilimbi is from the Malay name for the fruit, belimbing.

Based in Real, Quezon, KUMARE is now commercializing kamias commonly known as

bilimbi, cucumber tree, or tree sorrel, which are growing abundantly in Quezon.

Kamias grows in clusters and the tree is often found in backyards. It is commonly eaten raw or

dipped in rock salt or dried to be used as souring ingredient in cooking traditional Filipino dishes

like paksiw or sinigang. They are also processed into pickled, dried candies, and juice.

Beyond its uses as food, kamias is also believed to have medicinal properties and is used as

treatment on itches or skin eruptions, rheumatism, swelling, or mumps. Not to forget the
common rural use in whitening fingernails, bleaching or removing stains in clothes or rust and

tarnish from brass.

Oxalate is an organic acid found in plants. Oxalic acid occurs in lots of foods in small

amounts and a few foods in large amounts. Kamias contains a high percentage of oxalic acid, so

much that some companies use it as the main ingredient in organic detergents. Kamias as a stain

remover is inexpensive H (2021).

Kamias has an anti-bacterial effect and high-oxalic content. The product is eco-friendly

and affordable, According to Bolea, D. (2019, January 18).

Kamias leaves extract has been used to synthesize carbon nanodots, which have shown

antibacterial properties and potential wound healing abilities. Li et al. (2021) Carbon nanodots

(C-dots) are a new member of carbon materials with sizes below 10 nm. It is investigated that C-

dots are also conjugated systems. Such tiny material owns many advantageous features including

strong fluorescence, robust chemical inertness, easy functionalization, low toxicity, and good

biocompatibility. Thus, it is a very promising filler for thermosets to build functional polymer

materials.

According to Hitalia et al. (2021b), Bleach was the most effective in removing the stains

and whitening the fabric, followed by the kamias extract. In terms of removing stains, whitening

the cloth, and availability in the neighborhood, the extract was found to have the best results.

We, therefore, recommended the use of kamias extract as an alternative organic stain remover for

fabrics and be used by the households. Being derived from natural fruit extract and contain no

dangerous chemicals, the product is safe for human use and environment-friendly.
Aloe Vera

According to (Aloe Vera, n.d.) Aloe is a cactus-like plant that grows in hot, dry climates.

It is cultivated in subtropical regions around the world, including the southern border areas of

Texas, New Mexico, Arizona, and California.

Aloe vera is a herb with succulent leaves that are arranged in a rosette. The leaves are

grey to green and sometimes have white spots on their surfaces. They have sharp, pinkish spines

along their edges and are the source of the colorless gel found in many commercial and

medicinal products. (Aloe Vera, n.d.-b).

As mentioned by Surjushe et al. (2020), The Aloe vera plant has been known and used

for centuries for its health, beauty, medicinal and skin care properties. The name Aloe vera

derives from the Arabic word “Alloeh” meaning “shining bitter substance,” while “vera” in Latin

means “true.” 2000 years ago, the Greek scientists regarded Aloe vera as the universal panacea.

The Egyptians called Aloe “the plant of immortality.” Today, the Aloe vera plant has been used

for various purposes in dermatology.

Based on (Find Trees & Learn | University of Arizona Campus Arboretum, n.d.), these

aloes can grow up to 3 feet tall. It is a short-stemmed succulent with pale grayish-green fleshy

leaves that grow up to 18 inches long (1,2). These leaf margins contain white teeth. Flowering

occurs in the summer when the plant is mature. The flower stalk rises as much as 3 feet high,

forming closely spaced, yellow, tubular flowers that point downward. Following pollination, the

flower

Aloe Vera extract has greater antibacterial properties against bacteria (Ibrahim et al.

2020). Aloe vera contains polyphonls, anthranoids and mineral components (chromium, calcium,
iron, manganese, phosphorus, potassium and zinc) as well as vitamins (C, E, B1, B2, B3, B6,

B12 and folic acid).

The Aloe vera peel extract group showed a significant decline in the number of bacterial

colonies that showed its remarkable antibacterial activity according to the study of S. M., & Ali,

S. (2023).
 References

Stain - Definition, Meaning & Synonyms. (n.d.). Vocabulary.com/dictionary/stain

Seven Types of Stain - The Finishing Store.(2020, June 19).

https://thefinishing.com/seven-types-of-stain/

Nguyen, D. (2023b, July 20). How to remove yellow stains from white shoes. Two Little

Feet.https://twolittlefeet.sg/blogs/little-reads/how-to-remove-yellow-stains-from-white-

shoes#:~:text=Sunlight%20is%20one%20of%20the,white%20shoes%20to%20become

%20yellow.

Singh, A. (2023, June 30). How to clean white shoes at home. Tumbledry Dry Cleaning

& Laundry Service. https:/tumbledry.in/how-to-clean-white-shoes-at-home/

Bennett, J. (2024, January 23). How to clean white shoes (No matter the material). Better

Homes & Gardens. https://www.bhg.com/homekeeping/laundry-linens/stain-removal/how-to-

clean-white-shoes/

Description: Comparison between homemade stain remover and commercial stain

remover for textiles / Nur Syaliza Musa[et.al.]. (n.d.).

http://malrep.uum.edu.my/rep/Record/my.uitm.ir.44984/Description?

fbclid=IwAR3tbGKcqpBLc_FxT3Z-

mNnxQbYNHCzHWRvOLbv2Mo0Ehq5apifcN9B8FYU#tabnav

Lr.(n.d.).Bilimbi,Averrhoabilimbi.https://www.growables.org/information/

TropicalFruit/Bilimbi.htm
 Thulaja, N. R. (n.d.) Belimbing (camias). https://www.nlb.gov.sg/main/article-detail?

cmsuuid=f17d7050-2ee9-417b-ada2-5b9be480b1b

User, S. (n.d.). All-women group in Quezon sees potential of kamias.

https://www.bar.gov.ph/index.php/media-resources/news-and-events/192-all-women-group-in-

quezon-sees-potential-of-kamias

H, R. (2021, September 17). Using kamias as a stain remover will make your life so

much easier - Healthy Huemans. Healthy Huemans. https:./healthyhuemans.com/kamias-as-

stain-remover/

Bolea, D. (2019, January 18). Acceptability of kamias fruit extract as a main ingredient

in stain remover. https://ojs.aaresearchindex.com/index.php/AAJMRA/article/view/11907

How does Kamias Extract and Lemon as Bathroom effective in stain remover.? | 4

Answers from Research papers. (n.d.). SciSpace - Question. https://typeset.io/questions/how-

does-kamias-extract-and-lemon-as-bathroom-effective-in-40d7tosyth#:~:text=These%20studies

%20suggest%20that%20both,their%20use%20in%20cleaning%20products.

Li, T., Li, Z., Huang, T., & Tian, L. (2021). Carbon quantum dot-based sensors for food

safety.Sensors and Actuators A: Physical, 331, 113003.

https://doi.org/10.1016/j.sna.2021.113003

Hitalia, J. P., Bringuelo, Y. J., Jordan, I. H., Martínez, E. F. S., Leba, R., Vadez, A. G.,

Abusama, H., & Paculanan, A. (2021b). Kamias (Averrhoa bilimbi), starfruit (Averrhoa

carambola), and Karamay (Phyllanthus acidus) fruit extract as alternative stain remover. Asean

Journal of Science and Engineering, 1(1), 19–22. https://doi.org/10.17509/ajse.v1i1.33684

 Aloe vera. (n.d.). NCCIH. https://www.nccih.nih.gov/health/aloe-vera

Aloe vera. (n.d.-b). Kew. https://www.kew.org/plants/aloe-vera

Surjushe, A., Vasani, R., & Saple, D. G. (2020). Aloe vera: A short review. Indian

Journal of Dermatology, 53(4), 163. https://doi.org/10.4103/0019-5154.44785

Find Trees & Learn | University of Arizona Campus Arboretum. (n.d.).

https://apps.cals.arizona.edu/arboretum/taxon.aspx?id=875

Ibrahim, W. A., Sarwar, Z., Abid, S., Munir, M. U., & Azeem, A. (2020). Aloe vera leaf gel

extract for antibacterial and softness properties of cotton. Journal of Textile Science &

Engineering, 07(03). https://doi.org/10.4172/2165-8064.1000301

Majid, A., Sameed, Q. U. A., Asim, S., Shirazi, N., Salman, S. M. A., Gillani, S. M., &

Ali, S. (2023). Antibacterial efficacy of aloevera peel extract against streptococcus mutans and

P. gingivalis: A preclinical experimental study. International Journal of Health Sciences, 7(S1),

2035–2043.https://doi.org/10.53730/ijhs.v7nS1.14450
 CHAPTER III

METHODOLOGY

The chapter provides the methods used in the current study. This section covers the study

design, research respondents, research locations, the research instrument and instrument

validation, the data collection process, and data analysis.

Research Design

This study used phenomenological research design to provide an in-depth exploration of

individuals' lived experiences and perceptions concerning the use of Aloe Vera and Kamias in an

eco-friendly stain remover foaming cream for white shoe stains. By uncovering the subjective

meanings and interpretations associated with green solutions, the study seeks to contribute

valuable insights into the potential benefits and impact of eco-friendly alternatives in everyday

practical contexts. DETERMINE THE VARIABLES HERE. Identify the independent and

dependent variables that will be studied. Independent variables are factors that are manipulated

or controlled by the researcher, while dependent variables are outcomes or measures that are

observed or measured.

Research Setting

The experiment will be conducted in the Science Laboratory at Mercy Junior College

Incorporated in Tubod, Lanao del Norte. To ensure the participants' privacy and comfort, create a

safe space to share their experiences openly.

Figure 3.1 Map of Mercy Junior College Inc. Figure 3.2 Source: Google Maps

Actual photo

Participants

To ensure representation across various educational levels, 90 participants will be

selected from the Junior and Senior high school, comprising students aged approximately 12 to

18 years.

Recommendation

The research on "Green Solutions for White Shoe Stains: Unveiling the Power of Aloe

Vera and Kamias in an Eco-Friendly White Stain Remover Foaming Cream" showcases the

potential effectiveness of utilizing Aloe Vera and Kamias extracts in developing an eco-friendly

solution for white shoe stains.

 To further enhance the effectiveness of the research, it is imperative to explore avenues

for optimization. This could involve fine-tuning the formulation to maximize the stain-removing

efficacy while minimizing environmental impact. Additionally, conducting rigorous testing to

evaluate the long-term performance of the foaming cream would provide valuable insights into

its sustained effectiveness over time.

Moreover, comparative studies with conventional and other eco-friendly stain removers

can offer a comprehensive understanding of the cream's effectiveness relative to existing

products in the market. Furthermore, considering consumer perceptions and feedback regarding

the cream's usability and stain-removing effectiveness would be instrumental in refining the

product to meet consumer needs and expectations.

Incorporating these improvements holds the promise of elevating the effectiveness of the

eco-friendly white stain remover foaming cream, thereby advancing its applicability in

sustainable cleaning practices and contributing to environmental conservation efforts.

Data Gathering Procedure

This section explains the methods we use to gather data for our research. We will request

approval from the administrator of Mercy Junior College Incorporated to conduct our experiment

in the Science Laboratory located on campus. Once we receive approval, we will begin our

experiment. The instruments we will use for gathering data include experimentation, observation,

and focus group discussions. I-ADD DIARI ANG PAGGATHER SA INYUNG

QUESTIONNAIRE. KATONG PURPOSIVE NGA AFTER NINYU MAKAHIMO SA FOAM.

YOU NEED SOME PARTICIPANT TO OBSERVE THE STAIN REMOVER SA INYUNG

SHOES THEN UNSAON NILA PAG ANSWER, LIKE THROUGH QUESTIONNAIRE.

Outline the methods that will be used to collect data. This could include surveys, interviews,

observations, experiments, archival research, or a combination of methods. Describe how data

will be collected, recorded, and analyzed.

EXPERIMENTAL DESIGN NI SYA

Preparation and Making Aloe Vera And Kamias In an Eco-Friendly Stain Remover

Foaming Cream.

1. Gather fresh Kamias "Averrhoa bilimbi" and Aloe vera leaves "Aloe barbadensis Miller."

2. Wash the Kamias thoroughly and chop it into smaller pieces.

3. Extract the juice from the Kamias by blending and then straining it.

4. Obtain pure gel from the Aloe vera leaves.

5. Mix the Kamias juice and Aloe vera gel in a bowl.

6. Slowly add Glycerin while stirring until the mixture becomes smooth.

7. Ensure thorough mixing by stirring the mixture well.

8. Gradually pour Water into the mixture while stirring until it reaches your desired

consistency.

9. Adjust the consistency

10. Transfer the stain remover to appropriate containers for storage and label them with the

product name and any necessary instructions or precautions.

 Preparation and Making Foaming Cream

1. Measure out 32g of Glycerin, 30g of Cocamidopropyl Betaine

2. Thoroughly mix all the ingredients in a bowl until evenly combined.

3. Transfer the mixture to a double boiler and heat it for 15 minutes.

4. While heating, stir the mixture regularly to ensure uniform warming.

5. Initially, the mixture may seem thick and granular.

6. After 5 minutes, you may notice the mixture becoming smoother.

7. By the 10-minute mark, it may take on a more liquid and creamy appearance.

8. Once heated, remove the mixture from the double boiler and let it cool at room

temperature.

9. Allow it to cool completely, either for a few hours or overnight if preferred=.

10. After 2.5 hours, give it another stir and let it sit for an additional hour.

11. Check the consistency after the allotted time, adjusting as necessary.

12. If it's too firm, let it sit for another 30 minutes.

13. Once the desired consistency is reached, whip the mixture to incorporate air and create

foam.

14. Use a spatula to ensure thorough mixing, eliminating any lumps at the bottom.

15. Finally, introduce 1.5g of preservative to the mixture, ensuring even distribution through

mixing.

Combining the Foam and Stain Remover

1. After preparing the foam and stain remover, carefully combine them into the mixture

until they are evenly blended.

 2. Make sure that the foam is fully integrated into the stain remover, being careful not to

over-mix to preserve the foamy texture.

3. Once combined, transfer the mixture into a foaming dispenser and label it appropriately

for easy identification and use.

Research Instrument

Materials/Tools/Utensils to be used Quantity

Kamias ½ kilo

Aloe Vera ½ kilo

Glycerine 44 g

Cocomidopropyl Betaine 60 g

Blender 1

Mixing Bowl 3

Mixer 1

Container 3

Statistical and Data Analysis

This statistical and data analysis investigates the efficacy of Aloe Vera and Kamias

extracts in an eco-friendly white stain remover foaming cream for eliminating white shoe stains.
Utilizing a purposive sampling method and survey questionnaire in qualitative research, the

study aims to gather participants' perceptions regarding the product's effectiveness. The study

focuses solely on the purposive sampling method. Findings will be interpreted to assess overall

effectiveness and provide recommendations for improvement. This study contributes to the

development of sustainable solutions for white shoe stain removal.