31.

Write a Python program implementing the following operations on arrays using

the array module:

1. Print the first n elements

2. Print the elements with given stride value
3. Print the elements in reverse order
4. Copy the contents into another array.

# Function to print the first n elements of the array

def print_first_n(arr, n):

if n <= 0 or n > len(arr):

print("Number should be positive and less than or equal to size of array")

return

print(f"The {n} elements of the array are:")

for i in range(n):

print(arr[i], end=' ')

print()

# Function to print elements in reverse order

def print_reverse(arr):

print("Array elements in reverse order:", arr[::-1])

# Function to copy contents into another array

def copy_array(arr):

new_arr = [element for element in arr]

print("After copying the elements to second list:", new_arr)

# Taking input from the user

size = int(input("Enter the size of the list: "))

arr = [int(input(f"Enter element {i}: ")) for i in range(size)]

# Displaying the original array

print("The list is:", arr)

# Performing operations

n_elements = int(input("Enter how many elements do you want to print: "))

print_first_n(arr, n_elements)

print_reverse(arr)

copy_array(arr)

32. Write a Python program to find addition of two matrices.

m = int(input('Number of rows for matrix - A, m = '))

n = int(input('Number of columns for matrix - A, n = '))

p = int(input('Number of rows for matrix - B, p = '))

q = int(input('Number of columns for matrix - B, q = '))

# Function to input matrix values

def input_matrix(rows, cols):

matrix = []

for i in range(rows):

row = []

for j in range(cols):

entry = int(input(f"Entry in row: {i + 1} column: {j + 1}\n"))

row.append(entry)

matrix.append(row)

return matrix

# Function to add two matrices

def add_matrices(matrix_a, matrix_b):

result_matrix = []

for i in range(len(matrix_a)):

row = []
 for j in range(len(matrix_a[0])):

row.append(matrix_a[i][j] + matrix_b[i][j])

result_matrix.append(row)

return result_matrix

# Check if matrices can be added

if p == m and n == q:

print('Enter values for matrix - A')

matrix_a = input_matrix(m, n)

print('Enter values for matrix - B')

matrix_b = input_matrix(p, q)

# Displaying the matrices

print(f"Matrix a = {matrix_a}")

print(f"Matrix b = {matrix_b}")

# Perform matrix addition

result = add_matrices(matrix_a, matrix_b)

# Display the result

print(f"Addition of two matrices = {result}")

else:

print('Addition is not possible')

33. Write a Python program to perform multiplication of two matrices.

def matmult(A, B):

# Write Code

""" End of Function: matmult """

def readmatrix(name = ''):

 # Write Code

""" End of Function: matmult """

matrixa = readmatrix('matrix - A')

matrixb = readmatrix('matrix - B')

print("Matrix - A =", matrixa)

print("Matrix - B =", matrixb)

print("Matrix - A * Matrix- B =", matmult(matrixa, matrixb))

34. Write a Python program to find the sum of N natural numbers using user-defined
functions.

def sum_of_natural_numbers(n):

if n <= 0:

print("Natural numbers start from 1")

return

sum_n = (n * (n + 1)) // 2

print(f"Sum of {n} natural numbers is: {sum_n}")

# Taking user input for the number of natural numbers

num = int(input("Enter no. of natural numbers: "))

sum_of_natural_numbers(num)

35. Write a Python program that has a function that takes a list and returns a sorted list.

def sort_list(input_list):

sorted_list = sorted(input_list)

return sorted_list

input_elements = input("Enter the list elements: ").split()

try:

input_list = [int(x) for x in input_elements]

print("The list is:", input_list)

sorted_result = sort_list(input_list)

print("Sorted list:", sorted_result)

except ValueError:

print("Invalid input. Please enter a list of integers.")

36. Write a python program to print factorial of given number using a Function.

def fact(x):

# find the factorail and print minimum of the given number

if x == 0:

return 1

else:

return x * fact(x - 1)

try:

x = int(input("x: "))

result = fact(x)

print(result)

except ValueError:

print("Please enter a valid integer.")

37. Write a python program to find factorial of a number using Recursion.

def factorial(n):

if n == 0 or n == 1:

return 1

else:

return n * factorial(n-1)
# Input from the user

num = int(input("Enter a number: "))

# Check if the number is negative

if num < 0:

print("Sorry, factorial does not exist for negative numbers")

elif num == 0:

print("The factorial of 0 is 1")

else:

print(f"The factorial of {num} is {factorial(num)}")

38. Write a python program to print fibonacci series up to given range using functions
without using recursion

def fibonacci_series(n):

a, b = 0, 1

while a <= n:

print(a)

a, b = b, a + b

# Input from the user

range_limit = int(input("Enter the range: "))

# Print Fibonacci series up to the given range

print(f"Fibonacci series of number upto {range_limit}:")

fibonacci_series(range_limit)

39. def fibonacci_series(n):

if n <= 0:

return []

elif n == 1:

return [0]
 elif n == 2:

return [0, 1]

else:

fib_series = fibonacci_series(n - 1)

fib_series.append(fib_series[-1] + fib_series[-2])

return fib_series

# Input from the user

max_limit = int(input("Enter the maximum limit to generate the fibonacci series: "))

# Generate and print Fibonacci series up to the given limit

result = fibonacci_series(max_limit)

print("The fibonacci series is:")

for num in result:

print(num)

40. Write a program that takes a list of age of members from user and find the
members eligible for voting with age grater than 17 using filter() function with
lambda.
# Input from the user

age_list = list(map(int, input("Enter the age of members: ").split()))

# Using filter() with lambda to find members eligible for voting (age greater than 17)

eligible_voters = list(filter(lambda age: age > 17, age_list))

# Display the result

print("Eligible for voting:", eligible_voters)

41. Write a program that takes a list animal names in lower case and changes those strings to
upper case strings using map() function with lambda.

# Taking input from the user and converting it to a list of lowercase animal names
animal_names = input("Enter animal names: ").split()

# Using map and lambda to convert the animal names to uppercase

animal_names_upper = list(map(lambda x: x.upper(), animal_names))

# Displaying the result

print("Animal names in Upper case:", animal_names_upper)

42. Write a program that takes a list of integer from user and find the maximum element
using reduce() function with lambda.

from functools import reduce

# Taking input from the user and converting it to a list of integers

elements = list(map(int, input("Enter elements of list: ").split()))

# Using reduce and lambda to find the maximum element

max_element = reduce(lambda x, y: x if x > y else y, elements)

# Displaying the result

print("The maximum element of the list is :", max_element)

43. write a simple try except block.

Given two integer inputs num1 and num2. Perform division operation
on num1 and num2 using try-except block.

Print the result as shown in the sample test cases.

num1 = int(input("num1: "))

num2 = int(input("num2: "))

try:

print(num1/num2)
 except:

print("exception occurred")

44. Let's write a program with a try block and two except blocks that handles two
types of exceptions. Follow the below-given instructions and write the missing code
in the provided editor.

 In the given try block take two integer inputs a and b. Perform the arithmetic
operations +, / and * on a, b and store the results in c, d and e.
 Print try successful.
 Open an except block with name ZeroDivisionError.
 Print zero division error occurred.
 Open an except block with name NameError.
 Print name error occurred.
 Open an except block with name Exception.
 Print exception occurred.

try:

# take user inputs a and b and perform arithmetic operations

a=int(input("a: "))

b=int(input("b: "))

c=a+b

d=a/b

e=a*b

if a == 0:

f = fun1(a)

# Display success message

print("try successful")

# Handle division by zero exception

except ZeroDivisionError:

# Display corresponding error

print("zero division error occurred")

# Handle NameError exception

except NameError :

# Display corresponding error

print("name error occurred")

except Exception :

# Display corresponding exception

print("exception occurred")

def fun1(n):

print(n)

46. Write a python program to create a new file and add the given text into the file.

# Input from the user

text_to_write = input("Enter text to write into file: ")

# Create a new file and write the text into it

file_name = "output_file.txt"

with open(file_name, "w") as file:

file.write(text_to_write)

# Display the contents of the file

with open(file_name, "r") as file:

file_contents = file.read()

print("Contents of the file:")

print(file_contents)

47.write a python program to add the contents into an existing file and display the contents
of a file from the specified position.
def write_content(file_name, content):

with open(file_name, 'a') as file:

file.write(content)

def read_content(file_name, position):

if position < 0:

print("Invalid position")

return

with open(file_name, 'r') as file:

file.seek(position)

content = file.read()

return content

file_name = "myfile.txt"

# Add content to the file

content = input("Enter text to write into file: ")

write_content(file_name, content)

# Read content from specified position

position = int(input("Enter position to print: "))

result = read_content(file_name, position)

print(result)

48.write a Python program to find the product of two given numbers, implementing
the following logic:
Consider an example of 14 x 20
def find_product(num1, num2):
# Displaying the two numbers

#print(num1)

#print(num2)

# Initializing variables

sum_result = 0

while num1 > 0:

# Checking if the first number is even or odd

if num1 % 2 == 0:

#print("First Number is Even")

print(num2)

# Action for even number

sum_result += 0

num1 = num1 // 2

num2 = num2 * 2

else:

#print("First Number is Odd")

print("+" + str(num2))

# Action for odd number

sum_result += num2

num1 = num1 // 2

num2 = num2 * 2

print("stop")

print("Final sum:", sum_result)

# Taking input from the user

num1 = int(input())

num2 = int(input())

# Calling the function to find the product

find_product(num1, num2)