Differentiating 21st century literary genres Types of speech bubbles

Scream Bubbles - Used to show a character is screaming or shouting. They usually have
Literary genres
Graphic fiction or graphic novel is a comic book narrative that is equivalent in form and
dimension to the prose novel (Campbell 200, 81). However, unlike comic books, graphic
novels are usually...
Written for an adult audience and contains adult themes
Include serious or real content and a more mature way of story telling
Longer and more complex - they delve deeper into the storylines
Focus more on character development rather than just action
Are bound like novels (books) rather than magazines
Here are some of the features of graphic fiction or graphic novel according to Singh (2012).
 Autographic forms are the marks of author’s handwriting which creates an impact that
the whole novel is a manuscript and thus provides a sense of intimacy
 Graphic novels encourage interactivity in the minds of the reader as he fills in the blanks
image panels
 Filling in the blanks between image panels makes the reader imagine the actions
portrayed in the story.
 The language, syntax, and meaning of a graphic novel spring primarily through the
relationship between images than words.
 Graphic fiction combines book and screen
GRAPHIC NOVEL COMIC
Has the format of comic A medium used to express ideas with
images combined with text and other visual
infos
Longer than comic Shorter than graphic novel
Have complete narratives Have excerpts of serialized narratives
Frames are the lines and borders that contain the panels. E,g, a cloud shaped frame might
indicate a dream or flashback, jagged edges might indicate anger and shock or an abnormal
shaped panel might signify a change in time or location.
jagged edges.
Thought Bubbles - Used to show internal thoughts of a character. They are usually cloud
shaped and connected to the subject's head by smaller bubbles.
Icicle Bubbles - Used to represent cold hostility. They usually have jagged icicles hanging
from the bottom.
Colored Bubbles - Used to convey the emotion behind the speech to enhance mood.
According to Sustana (2020), most of the flash fictions have these common characteristics:
BREVITY - Flash fiction presents the story with fewest words as possible.
COMPLETE PLOT - Flash fiction emphasizes the development of plot. Itt has a beginning,
middle, and ending of the story.
SURPRISING ENDING - The successful hallmark of a flash fiction is its twist at the end of the
story.
21ST Century Literature from the Philippines and the World
MULTIMEDIA
● an electronic application used to teach lessons or to further educate learners on a
particular topic.
● a presentation of material that uses both words and pictures in a combination of
text, voice, picture or video.
● interactive digital tools to tell a story is called digital storytelling and often uses a
combination of multimedia venues to complete the task.
MULTIMEDIA AND ITS FORMATS
The multimedia formats from various media include: text and graphics for slideshows,
presentations, diagrams and infographics. Audio has podcasts and recordings.
Screen captures, lecture captures and animation are examples of video components of
multimedia. Other multimedia components include blogs, vlogs, webinars and other
interactive content.
VIDEOS
-Digital video is a primary component in multimedia, especially those that appear online and
on television. The different formats of these types of multimedia include WMI, AVI, MPED
and flash.
 MPEG – developed by the Moving Pictures Expert Group. The first popular video
format on the web. Not supported anymore in HTML. (.mpg , .mpeg)
Audio Video Interleave – developed by Microsoft. It is commonly used in video
cameras and TV hardware. It plays well in window computers, but not in web browsers (.avi)
Windows Media Audio – developed by Microsoft. It plays well in window
computers, but not in web browsers (.wma)
Flash Video - a container file format used to deliver digital video content over the
internet using Adobe Flash Player version 6 and newer. (sfw – small web file)

ANIMATION
-a form of art for most people, especially those that are in the business of producing
animated movies. Flash is the most common platform for animation, and using this
component, the interactivity of animation is enhanced.

TEXT
-Text in combination with other media components can make any application more user-
friendly. By using text, interactivity is increased. Users of an application need to input text
for the system to identify them. Text is also used to create a digital signature, such as in
passwords.

IMAGES
-Digital image files are needed to create videos and animation. A user would sooner go to a
website filled with colorful photographs than one that contains only text elements.

AUDIO
-Voiceovers comprise a tremendous number of the types of multimedia components. Audio
files include background music and special effects.