CE3201

Advanced Fluid Mechanics

Lecture-9

Steady Flow Through Pipes

 Module:
Minor Energy Losses
through Pipe Flow
Sequence
• Head loss due to expansion in pipes
• Head loss due to contraction in pipes
• Head loss at the entrance of pipes
• Head loss at the exit of pipes
• Head loss due to an obstruction in pipes
• Head loss due to bend in pipes
• Head loss in various pipe fittings
 Energy Losses
The pipe flow experience some resistance due to which some of
the energy of fluid is lost. This loss of energy is classified as,
 Loss of Head due to Expansion
Ref: Ch 11 (RK Bansal),
Ch 8 (Franzini)

Refer fig 8.16 Loss due to sudden enlargement (Franzini) for energy grade line due to
sudden enlargement
Loss of Head due to Contraction
Loss Coefficients for sudden
Contraction
Loss of Head at the Entrance of pipe
Entrance Loss Coefficients
Loss of Head at the Exit of pipe
Loss of Head due to an Obstruction in
pipe
Loss of Head due to bend and fittings
Loss in Pipe Fittings
Numerical