Professional Documents
Culture Documents
BRITISH STANDARD |
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| 445 : 1997
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| Incorporating
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Grout for prestressing |
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tendons Ð |
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Test methods |
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The European Standard EN 445 : 1996 has the status of a |
British Standard |
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ICS 91.100.10 ; 91.100.30 |
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NO COPYING WITHOUT BSI PERMISSION EXCEPT AS PERMITTED BY COPYRIGHT LAW
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BS EN 445 : 1997 Issue 2, December 1997
BSI 1997
Amendments issued since publication
Amd. No. Date Text affected
National foreword
This British Standard has been prepared by Subcommittee B/525/2 and is the English
language version of EN 445 : 1996 Grout for prestressing tendons Ð Test methods
published by the European Committee for Standardization (CEN).
EN 445 was produced as a result of European discussions in which the UK took an
active part. The UK voted against this standard at the CEN Formal Vote stage because
UK industry considered the standard to be insufficient in providing suitable
specification requirements for grouting materials and procedures, particularly for
highway bridges.
The UK conducted significant development work and subsequently published Concrete
Society Technical Report No. 47 Durable Bonded Post Tensioned Concrete Bridges,
prepared by a Concrete Society Working Party in collaboration with the Concrete
Bridge Development Group (September 1996), to which reference may be made.
At the CEN Formal Vote stage, however, the analysis of voting resulted in a positive
vote and in accordance with CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations Part 2 : Common
rules for standards work EN 445 was accepted as a European Standard.
Cross-reference
Publication referred to Corresponding British Standard
EN 196-1 : 1994 BS EN 196-1 : 1995 Determination of strength
Textual error
The textual error set out below was discovered when adopting the text of the
European Standard. It has been reported to CEN in a proposal to amend the text of the
European Standard.
Figure 2 in the published EN version is not correct. In the national annex NA
(informative) of this BS EN an updated version of the figure is given until such time as
the EN is amended.
Compliance with a British Standard does not of itself confer immunity
from legal obligations.
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BSI 1997 i
ii blank
EUROPEAN STANDARD EN 445
NORME EUROPEÂENNE
EUROPAÈISCHE NORM March 1996
ICS 91.100.30
English version
This European Standard was approved by CEN on 1994-10-28. CEN members are
bound to comply with the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations which stipulate the
conditions for giving this European Standard the status of a national standard
without any alteration.
Up-to-date lists and bibliographical references concerning such national standards
may be obtained on application to the Central Secretariat or to any CEN member.
This European Standard exists in three official versions (English, French, German).
A version in any other language made by translation under the responsibility of a
CEN member into its own language and notified to the Central Secretariat has the
same status as the official versions.
CEN members are the national standards bodies of Austria, Belgium, Denmark,
Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Luxembourg, Netherlands,
Norway, Portugal, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland and United Kingdom.
CEN
European Committee for Standardization
Comite EuropeÂen de Normalisation
EuropaÈisches Komitee fuÈr Normung
Foreword Page
3.4 Volume change test 6
This European Standard has been prepared by
Technical Committee CEN/TC 104, Concrete Ð 3.4.1 Principle of test 6
Performance, production, placing and compliance 3.4.2 Cylinder method 6
criteria, the Secretariat of which is held by DIN.
3.4.2.1 Apparatus 6
This European Standard shall be given the status of a
national standard, either by publication of an identical 3.4.2.2 Procedure 6
text or by endorsement, at the latest by 3.4.2.3 Reporting of results 6
September 1996, and conflicting national standards 3.4.3 Can method 6
shall be withdrawn at the latest by September 1996.
3.4.3.1 Apparatus 6
According to the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations,
the following countries are bound to implement this 3.4.3.2 Procedure 6
European Standard: Austria, Belgium, Denmark, 3.4.3.3 Reporting of results 6
Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Iceland, Ireland,
Italy, Luxembourg, Netherlands, Norway, Portugal, 3.5 Compression strength test 6
Spain, Sweden, Switzerland and the United Kingdom. 3.5.1 Prisms 6
3.5.1.1 Principle of the test 6
3.5.1.2 Apparatus 7
3.5.1.3 Procedure 7
3.5.1.3.1 Moulding of the test specimens 7
Contents 3.5.1.3.2 Curing of test specimens 8
Page 3.5.1.3.3 Compression test 8
Foreword 2 3.5.1.4 Reporting of results 8
0 Introduction 3 3.5.2 Cylinders 8
1 Scope 3 3.5.2.1 Principle 8
2 Normative references 3 3.5.2.2 Apparatus 8
3 Testing of grout 3 3.5.2.3 Procedure 8
3.1 General conditions 3 3.5.2.4 Reporting of results 8
3.2 Fluidity test 3
3.2.1 Immersion method 3
3.2.1.1 Principle of test 3
3.2.1.2 Apparatus 3
3.2.1.3 Calibration procedure 3
3.2.1.4 Test procedure 3
3.2.1.5 Reporting the results 5
3.2.2 Cone method 5
3.2.2.1 Principle of test 5
3.2.2.2 Apparatus 5
3.2.2.3 Test procedure 5
3.2.2.4 Reporting of results 5
3.3 Bleeding test 5
3.3.1 Principle of test 5
3.3.2 Apparatus 5
3.3.3 Procedure 5
3.3.4 Reporting of results 6
BSI 1997
Page 3
EN 445 : 1996
BSI 1997
Page 4
EN 445 : 1996
1 Stop
2 Guide rod
3 Wooden rod (as spacer)
4 Cu-Zn tube
5 Final position of the plunger
6 Level
7 Wooden rod (as measuring rod)
8 White dye
9 Guide cam
10 Grout level in the starting position of the plunger
11 Grout level without plunger (∼ 1,9 l)
Figure 1. Immersion equipment for determining the immersion time
BSI 1997
Page 5
EN 445 : 1996
BSI 1997
Page 6
EN 445 : 1996
3.3.4 Reporting of results ± transparent stop plate, for placing on the grout
Bleeding at the end of 3 h is given by and having a diameter of 98 mm and weight of 10 g
approximately (see figure 4).
v1
3 100 % for 25 mm diameter cylinder d) Filling gauge.
v
and 3.4.3.2 Procedure
h1 Place the cans on a surface free of vibration and heat
3 100 % for 50 mm diameter cylinder radiation and store for 24 h. Immediately after mixing,
h
pour the grout into each can using the filling gauge, to
where: a depth of 100 mm. Carry out a measurement of the
v1 is the volume of water in ml on the surface of distance from the top of the can to the top of the
the grout after 3 h grout:
± immediately after the containers are filled; and
v is the initial volume in ml of grout
± 24 h after the containers are filled;
h1 is the height in mm of water on the surface of by one of the following methods.
the grout after 3 h
a) Measurement with the stop plate on the can
h is the initial height in mm of grout. Take the first measurement immediately after the
The report shall state the temperature at the time of cans have been filled with grout, by measuring the
test. distance between the surface of the grout and the
top edge of the can, with the stop plate on the can,
3.4 Volume change test in at least six places with the depth gauge or by
3.4.1 Principle of test other means (first measurement). The marking shall
coincide with the top edge of the can (reference
The volume change is measured as a percentage of the point). Then seal the cans by covering the lid with a
volume of grout between the start and the end of the weight of approximately 300 g until the second
test. The test measures mainly the volume change measurement. Carry out the second
caused by segregation or expansion. measurement 24 h after the filling of the cans.
The grout used in this test may have been used for the In the second measurement, measure the distance
bleeding test (see 3.3). between the firm surface of the grout and the top
edge of the can at the same places with the same
3.4.2 Cylinder method
means as for the first measurement.
3.4.2.1 Apparatus b) Measurement with the stop plate on the grout
A transparent cylinder, 50 mm in diameter and 200 mm Immediately after filling the cans, put the stop plate
in height. (figure 4) on the fresh grout and measure with the
3.4.2.2 Procedure depth gauge the distance between this plate and the
top edge of the can in at least six places (first
Place the cylinder on a surface free from shocks or measurement). Then seal the cans. Carry out the
vibration. Fill it with the grout to a height h. 24 h after second measurement 24 h after the filling of the
filling the cylinder measure the height (h2) of the grout cans. In the second measurement, measure the
in the cylinder. distance between the stop plate and the top edge of
3.4.2.3 Reporting of results the can at the same six places as for the first
The volume change at the end of 24 h is given by measurement.
h2 2 h 3.4.3.3 Reporting of results
3 100 %
h The difference of the average values between the first
where: and second measurement(s) in mm corresponds
at 100 mm grout level to the volume change in percent
h is the initial height in mm of grout (see 3.4) and is reported as the percentage change in volume.
h2 is the height of grout in mm after 24 h. Report the percentage change in volume as the average
of the three containers to the nearest 0,1 %. Report
3.4.3 Can method increase of volume as (+) and decrease as (2).
3.4.3.1 Apparatus 3.5 Compression strength test
a) Three metal cans, 120 mm high and
approximately 100 mm in diameter, with lids capable 3.5.1 Prisms
of preventing the loss of moisture. 3.5.1.1 Principle of the test
b) Measuring rod or sliding calipers. The compression strength of grout in this test (which
c) Plates: is an adaptation to grouts of the mechanical tests
± stop plate, for placing on the can with a diameter described in EN 196-1) is determined on the broken
of 120 mm (see figure 3); halves of prisms.
BSI 1997
Page 7
EN 445 : 1996
Dimensions in mm
a) Container
b) Plate
a) Container
Figure 4. Plate on the grout
3.5.1.3 Procedure
3.5.1.3.1 Moulding of the test specimens
The moulds and accessories shall be prepared and the
specimens made in accordance with EN 196-1, with the
exception noted as follows.
Each mould shall be filled with the prepared grout. As
an exception to the procedure in EN 196-1 (and
because of the liquidity of grouts) the test specimens
shall not be subjected to any vibration or shock.
Immediately strike off the excess grout with the metal
straight edge held almost vertically and moved slowly,
b) Plate
with a transverse sawing motion once in each
Figure 3. Plate on the can direction. Smooth the surface of the specimens using
the same straight edge held almost flat. Then cover the
specimens with a glass plate.
Label or mark moulds to identify the specimens.
BSI 1997
Page 8
EN 445 : 1996
BSI 1997
Issue 2, December 1997 Page 9
BS EN 445 : 1997
Ø 152 ± 3
280 ± 10
60 ± 3
Ø 10 ± 0,1
| 1. Sieving medium
BSI 1997
10 blank
BS EN 445 : 1997
List of references
BSI 1997
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