NAME: Queeny Allyssa B.

Balili
GRADE/SECTION: 12- St- Paul
Natural Phenomena:
- Earthquakes
- Typhoons
- Floods
-tsunami

Typhoons
a. Where?
In the Northwestern Pacific Ocean, affecting places like the Philippines and Japan.
b. What causes it?
Forms over warm ocean waters with specific atmospheric conditions.
c. Warning?
PAGASA gives warnings days ahead about the typhoon’s intensity and path.
d. Harm?
Yes, through strong winds, heavy rainfall causing floods, storm surges, and landslides.
e. Who’s affected?
Farmers lose crops, students miss school, laborers face work disruptions, and coastal areas are
vulnerable.
f. Frequency?
Typhoons are seasonal, occurring during specific months.
g. Strongest examples:
1. Haiyan (2013)
2. Mangkhut (2018)
3. Yolanda (2013)
4. Haiyan (2013)
5. Meranti (2016)

g. Size matters?
Yes, strong typhoons are more hazardous, but vulnerability of communities also plays a role.
 h. Why live there?
Historical ties, economic opportunities, lack of alternatives, and fertile lands.
i. Prevention?
Early warning, infrastructure development, community preparedness, education on evacuation, and
sustainable planning.

Floods
a. Where?
Floods can happen anywhere, especially near rivers, coasts, or places with heavy rain.
b. What causes it?
Heavy rain, melting snow, storms, or dams breaking can lead to floods.
c. Warning?
Weather forecasts and river levels help predict floods, and agencies issue warnings.
d. Harm?
Floods damage homes, infrastructure, and can make water unsafe.
e. Who’s affected?
People in low areas, near rivers, or coasts, and farmers are most at risk.
f. Frequency?
Floods can happen seasonally or during extreme weather.
g. Strong examples:
1. Great Mississippi Flood (1927)
2. Central European Floods (2013)
3. 1931 China floods
4. Big Thompson River Flood (1976)
5. 2010 Pakistan floods
g. Size matters?
The amount of rain or dam water decides how bad a flood is.
h. Why live there?
Some places are fertile or important economically, and people may not have other options.
i. Prevention?
Early warnings, building defenses, and planning can help avoid flood problems.
Earthquakes
a. Where?
Earthquakes can happen anywhere, but they’re common along big cracks in the Earth’s surface.
b. What causes it?
The ground shakes when big pieces under the Earth move, like giant puzzle parts shifting.
c. Warning?
It’s tough to predict, but special machines can give a bit of warning when shaking might come.
d. Harm?
Earthquakes can break buildings, roads, and sometimes cause big waves near the ocean.
e. Who’s affected?
People near these big cracks or areas where puzzle pieces meet are most at risk.
f. Frequency?
They can happen anytime, but some places have more earthquakes.
g. Strong examples:
1. Great East Japan Earthquake (2011)
2. Nepal Earthquake (2015)
3. San Francisco Earthquake (1906)
4. Sumatra-Andaman Earthquake (2004)
5. Northridge Earthquake (1994)
g. Size matters?
Yep, the bigger the number (on the Richter scale), the stronger the earthquake.
h. Why live there?
Sometimes people live there because of history or jobs, not always knowing the shaking risks.
i. Prevention?
Buildings can be made stronger, and knowing what to do during an earthquake helps keep people
safe.

Tsunamis
a. Where?
Tsunamis happen near the ocean, mostly when there’s a big shake under the sea.
 b. What causes it?
Big underwater shakes, like earthquakes or volcanic eruptions, make giant waves heading to the coast.
c. Warning?
Machines sense underwater shakes and give a bit of time to escape with warning systems.
d. Harm?
Tsunamis flood coasts, causing big damage and putting lives in danger.
e. Who’s affected?
People living near the coast, especially close to places where the Earth’s pieces meet.
f. Frequency?
Not very often, but when they happen, it’s a big deal.

g. Strong examples:
1. Indian Ocean Tsunami (2004)
2. Tohoku Tsunami (2011)
3. Sumatra-Andaman Tsunami (2004)
g. Size matters?
Yep, the bigger the underwater shake, the larger and more dangerous the tsunami.
h. Why live there?
People like living by the sea for work or the view, sometimes not realizing the tsunami risk.
i. Prevention?
Knowing what to do and having warnings help people escape when a tsunami is coming.