Applied Physics

CEG-1212
Project 1
Daily Life Examples of System of Forces

Submitted to: Sir, Engr. Shaheed Ullah

Submitted by: Group no 01
BCE 233005 Hassan Tariq
BCE 233034 Alam Zeb Hussain
BCE 233042 Shujat Ali

Capital University of Science and Technology

(CUST), Islamabad
What is the System of Forces?
When a body interacts with another, different forces are exerted by them on each other. And when
multiple forces are acting on a body, they form a system known as a force system. In other words,
the system of force can be defined as a force system is a group of forces acting on a body or
connected bodies. We can also say that this is term used to describe a group of forces.

In a force system forces can act on a single point or in a single plane. The forces can also act on
several planes of a three-dimensional object. Some real-life applications for the system of forces
are: forces on the tug of war, forces on blades of ceiling fans, forces at a joint of truss, etc. in
following paragraphs, we shall systematically study the forces system and their types and some real
life examples.

Types of System of Forces

There are various systems of forces that can act on a member. Different arrangements of force
systems on a single body produce different behaviors. Types of force systems are very important
and can be can be divided into two types.

1. Coplanar force system

2. Non coplanar force system

1. Coplanar Force System

The term coplanar implies that the forces must be in the same plane. A coplanar force system is one
in which the line of action of all of the force systems acting on a body lies in the same plane in
which the body exists. This system can be further divided into the following types of coplanar
system of forces;

i. Collinear coplanar force system

ii. Concurrent coplanar force system
iii. Parallel coplanar force system
iv. Non-concurrent coplanar force system
2. Non-Coplanar Force System

The term coplanar implies that the forces acting on a body must not be in the same plane. In this
force system the line of action of all of the force systems acting on a body does not lie in the same
plane. This system can be further divided into the following types of coplanar system of forces;

i. Concurrent non-coplanar force system

ii. Parallel non-coplanar force system
iii. Non-concurrent non-coplanar force system
Following the quote “a picture is worth thousand words” the forces system can be better
described by the picture shown below.

3. Real Life Examples of the Force Systems

3.1. In following paragraphs, we shall describe briefly each sub-category
category and real life pictures
along-with free body diagram indicate the line of action of different forces.
3.2. Coplanar forces are multiple forces acting on an object in the same plane. Forces are
pushes or pulls on an object, and force is a vector meaning it has a magnitude (strength),
and a direction in which it acts.
3.2.1. Coplanar-Collinear
Collinear Forces
Forces:: The forces, whose lines of action lie on the same
plane,, are known as coplanar forces and their lines of action lie on the same line, are
known as collinear forces
forces.

In all the above real life examples the forces are Coplanar collinear, means lies in one plane and in
one line. Following are the free body diagrams of the above:

Tension Upwards Tension Upwards Tension Upwards Forces in Opposite Directions

Rope Rope

Weight Downwards Weight Downwards Rope

Location: (Home)
https://maps.google.com/maps?q=33.5560578%2C73.1529005&z=17&hl=en

3.3. Coplanar-Concurrent
Concurrent Forces: The forces, whose lines of action lie on the same plane and
line of action is on a single point
point, are known as Coplanar-collinear
collinear forces.
forces
In all the above real life examples the forces are Coplanar and concurrent, means all the forces lies
in one plane and meet at one point. Following are the free body diagrams of the above:

Roof Load

Picture

Picture Hung of Wall Truss Of Shed Tower Crane Boom Pulley For lifting

Location:

https://maps.google.com/maps?q=33.5560578%2C73.1529005&z=17&hl=en

https://maps.google.com/maps?q=33.5678822%2C73.1551609&z=17&hl=en

3.4. Coplanar-Parallel Forces: A coplanar force system is considered a parallel coplanar

system of force in which the line of action of all the forces is parallel to each other.

Weight of Columns Weight of Beam Crane Pulley Barrier

In the above examples the forces are acting parallel to each other in one plane so are coplanar-
parallel forces. Following are the free body diagrams of the above examples.
Beam Load Rope
Column Load

Foundation Load Counter Load

Location:

https://maps.google.com/maps?q=33.5678822%2C73.1551609&z=17&hl=en
 3.5. Coplanar Non-Concurrent Forces: When two or more forces act on an object lie in the
same plane, they are said to be coplanar and if their line of action is extended they don’t
meet at a single point.

Location Home Jinnah Garden

In the above examples the forces are acting in one plane and are non-concurrent forces. Following
are the free body diagrams of the above examples.

Bike Handle Turning Cycle Paddles Sea-Saw Door Hinges

Location:
https://maps.google.com/maps?q=33.5678822%2C73.1551609&z=17&hl=en
https://maps.google.com/maps?q=33.5560578%2C73.1529005&z=17&hl=en

4. Non-Coplanar Forces: Non-coplanar forces are forces that act in different directions and do
not lie in the same plane.
4.1. Non-Coplanar-Parallel Forces: If forces are not in same plane, however they are parallel
to each other.

In the above examples the forces are Non-Coplanar and acting parallel to each other. Following are
the free body diagrams of the above examples.

Structure Vertical Member Vehicle Load Table Load Roof Load

Loads To Roof Through Wheels Through Legs Through Columns

Location:
https://maps.google.com/maps?q=33.5560578%2C73.1529005&z=17&hl=en
https://maps.google.com/maps?q=33.5622804%2C73.1480278&z=17&hl=en
 4.2. Non-Coplanar- Concurrent Forces: If forces are not in same plane, however if extended
they all meet at one point.

Umbrella Electric Pole Decoration Solar Structure

In the above examples the forces are Non-Coplanar and Concurrent to each other. Following are the
free body diagrams of the above examples.

Umbrella Expanding Electric Pole Loads Decoration Hanger Structure Loads

Location: https://maps.google.com/maps?q=33.5560578%2C73.1529005&z=17&hl=en
PWD service road and nursery near it.
4.3. Non-Coplanar- Non-Concurrent Forces: If forces are not in same plane, and if extended
they all don’t meet at one point.

In the above examples the forces are Non-Coplanar and non-concurrent to each other. Following
are the free body diagrams of the above examples.

Irregular Supports Irregular Structure Irregular Structure Irregular Supports

Location:
https://maps.google.com/maps?q=33.5678822%2C73.1551609&z=17&hl=en
https://maps.google.com/maps?q=33.5639705%2C73.150937&z=17&hl=en