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Department of Civil Engineering

CEG 1312 GEOLOGY

WEEK – 01 & 02

Course Instructor: Engr. Naseem Ali

naseemali441@gmail.com

Capital University of Science & Technology,

Islamabad
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Introduction
Instructor introduction
Class introduction
Course introduction
Introduction to OBE
CLOs of the course
Assessment of CLOs

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Course Objectives:

Class Learning Outcomes:

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COURSE LEARNING OUTCOMES (CLO)
CLO:1 To describe different branches of geology, constituents of
earth, formation of rocks, and structural features of strata. (C1)

CLO:2 To explain geological phenomena (weathering, erosion,

volcanoes eruption, land sliding, and earthquakes), tunneling
techniques, and geological survey maps.(C2)

CLO:3 To discuss and present geological engineering concepts. (A2)

CLO:4 To demonstrate geological phenomena (weathering, erosion,

volcanoes eruption, land sliding, and earthquakes), tunneling
techniques, and geological survey maps. (A2)

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Engineering Geology
SYLLABUS
 Introduction
 Introduction to various branches of Geology. Origin
and internal constitution of the earth.
 Rocks & Minerals
 Main groups. Igneous, sedimentary and metamorphic
rocks. Important minerals and ores, Rock Cycle.
 Weathering and Erosion
 Agents of weathering and erosion, Weathering
Classification, Cycle of erosion, normal, glacial and
marine erosion. Land forms, Mass wasting,
Formation of Meanders & OX-Bow Lakes.

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Engineering Geology
 Structural Features
 Dip, Strike, Folds, Faults, joints, unconformities
conformable and un conformable series of strata.
Effects of Folding, Faulting and Jointing on civil engg
projects and their recognition in the field.
 Earthquakes
 Definition, Technical terms, Causes of earthquake,
Classification of earthquakes, Earthquake or seismic
waves, Mechanism of earthquake, Measuring of
earthquake intensity (Modified Mercali Intensity
Scale), Effects of earthquake & protective measures
against earthquake.
 Volcanoes
 Formation of volcanoes, Causes of Volcanoes, nature
and types of Volcanic eruptions, Products of
eruptions, Types of Volcanoes, Geysers.
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Engineering Geology
 Landslides
 Definition, Causes of landslides, Classification of
landslides, preventive measures against landslides.
 Geological Survey
 Physical method of subsurface mapping, exploratory
geological surveys at engineering sites.
 Glaciers and Glaciations
 Origin of glacial ice, Types of glaciers, Movement of
glaciers, Glacial erosion, Deposition by glaciers.
 Tunneling
 Engineering Geology of tunnels, geological survey prior
to tunneling, lining of tunnels and their section,
selection of tunnel site and its requirements .
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Engineering Geology
 Engineering Applications
 Importance of Geology for Civil Engineering

projects,
 Important building stones and other construction

materials.
 Geology of Aquifers, Wells, springs, streams and

ground water conditions, hydrologic cycle.

 Role of geology in selection of sites for dams,

reservoirs and pertinent geological investigations.

 Geology of foundations, cutting tunnels,

Highways, Airfields and bridges.

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• Suggested Book
Engineering Geology

• A Geology for Engineers 7th Edition by F.G.H.

Blyth and M.H. de Freitas
• Reference Books
• Principles of Physical Geology by Arthur
Holmes.
• Geology for Civil engineers by Marcus Matthew,
Noel Simons
• Structural Geology by Marland P. Billings.
• Essentials of Geology by Reed Wicander and
James S. Monroe
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GRADING SCHEME
NATURE DURATION %AGE

Quiz 15-20 min 20%

Project Presentation 10 min 20%
Mid Term 2 hrs 20%
Final Term 3hrs 40%

GPA will be worked out by awarding absolute

grading on a scale of 4.00 points

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TIPS
Be honest
Be punctual
Be attentive
Take down additional notes
Avoid use of mobile phones
Hard copies of lectures are not alternate to books

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 IMPORTANCE OF
GEOLOGY
IN
CIVIL ENGINEERING
 Mitigation of Geo Hazards
 So, by understanding engineering geology we can
mitigate following hazards like:

Foundation Failure
 Know nature and load of structure
 Planning Geotechnical investigation
 Understanding engineering properties of material at site
 Better foundation design
 Seismic Zonation of project site
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 Dams
Understanding rock, soil engineering properties.
Dam design selection, Earth fill, Rock Earth fill, concrete
dam etc
Construction material availability on sites
Rock concrete reactions potential
Geological Mapping
Structural geology
Seismic hazards
Hydrological data
Preparing a good Feasibility studies
 Tunnels
Rock classification criteria
Joint system and pattern interpretation
Strike and dip interpretation
Material strength determination
Orientation with fold and fault
Seismic mitigation
Porosity and permeability
Trial boring plan etc
Better and safe tunnel
 Slope stability
A well known geohazards
Causes many large damages to roads,human-life and
property in the world
Site identification having potential of landslide.
Material identification and causes of instability
Better and durable slope design
 0FFSHORE THREATS

 Indus offshore, Makran coastal areas

Development of Karchi and Gawader Port
Tsunami ,a well known offshore hazard
Sub sea subduction zone b/w arabian,Indian and
Eurassian plates.
Copper ,Gold and Zinc deposits
Mitigation of such threats
Safe offshore and onshore structures
 Other fields
Ground water, environmental issues, fluvial
sedimentology, offshore geology, floods, mining
activities, aggregate, etc

Geology has been a prime element of world

knowledge and this subject is playing very key role in
world development.
THANKS

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