1.

The first required analysis: within-subjects ANOVA with attractiveness level (low,
medium and high) and group membership (ingroup vs. outgroup) as the independent
variables and recall accuracy as the dependent variable.

The sphericity test

Mauchly's Test of Sphericitya

Measure: MEASURE_1
Epsilonb
Approx. Chi- Greenhouse-
Within Subjects Effect Mauchly's W Square df Sig. Geisser Huynh-Feldt Lower-bound
attractiveness .298 72.573 2 .000 .588 .592 .500
group 1.000 .000 0 . 1.000 1.000 1.000
attractiveness * group .962 2.355 2 .308 .963 .994 .500
Tests the null hypothesis that the error covariance matrix of the orthonormalized transformed dependent variables is proportional to an identity matrix.
a. Design: Intercept
Within Subjects Design: attractiveness + group + attractiveness * group
b. May be used to adjust the degrees of freedom for the averaged tests of significance. Corrected tests are displayed in the Tests of Within-Subjects
Effects table.

The main ANOVA

Tests of Within-Subjects Effects

Measure: MEASURE_1
Type III Sum of Partial Eta
Source Squares df Mean Square F Sig. Squared
attractiveness Sphericity Assumed 5.956 2 2.978 34.454 .000 .361
Greenhouse-Geisser 5.956 1.175 5.067 34.454 .000 .361
Huynh-Feldt 5.956 1.185 5.027 34.454 .000 .361
Lower-bound 5.956 1.000 5.956 34.454 .000 .361
Error(attractiveness) Sphericity Assumed 10.544 122 .086
Greenhouse-Geisser 10.544 71.694 .147
Huynh-Feldt 10.544 72.262 .146
Lower-bound 10.544 61.000 .173
group Sphericity Assumed 953.280 1 953.280 329.752 .000 .844
 Greenhouse-Geisser 953.280 1.000 953.280 329.752 .000 .844
Huynh-Feldt 953.280 1.000 953.280 329.752 .000 .844
Lower-bound 953.280 1.000 953.280 329.752 .000 .844
Error(group) Sphericity Assumed 176.345 61 2.891
Greenhouse-Geisser 176.345 61.000 2.891
Huynh-Feldt 176.345 61.000 2.891
Lower-bound 176.345 61.000 2.891
attractiveness * group Sphericity Assumed 2.254 2 1.127 10.003 .000 .141
Greenhouse-Geisser 2.254 1.926 1.170 10.003 .000 .141
Huynh-Feldt 2.254 1.987 1.134 10.003 .000 .141
Lower-bound 2.254 1.000 2.254 10.003 .002 .141
Error(attractiveness*group) Sphericity Assumed 13.746 122 .113
Greenhouse-Geisser 13.746 117.478 .117
Huynh-Feldt 13.746 121.232 .113
Lower-bound 13.746 61.000 .225

Descriptives

Note
Group 1 = the in-group condition
Group 2 = the out-group condition.
Attractiveness 1 = Low attractiveness
Attractiveness 2 = Medium attractiveness
Attractiveness 3 = High attractiveness

attractiveness * group
Measure: MEASURE_1
95% Confidence Interval
attractiveness group Mean Std. Error Lower Bound Upper Bound
1 1 4.032 .162 3.708 4.356
2 .629 .044 .540 .718
2 1 3.597 .133 3.331 3.863
2 .573 .058 .456 .689
3 1 3.960 .168 3.625 4.295
2 .782 .050 .683 .881
 Plots

Profile Plots

To follow up the significant interaction we may want to analyse the effect of attractiveness for each level of the group variable separately.
Basically we will carry out two one-way within-subjects ANOVA with attractiveness as the independent variable and accuracy as the dependent
variable, once for Group = 1 and once for Group = 2. Let’s start with looking at the effect of attractiveness on accuracy for images of the in-
group (Group = 1)…

The sphericity test

Mauchly's Test of Sphericitya

Measure: MEASURE_1
Epsilonb
Approx. Chi- Greenhouse-
Within Subjects Effect Mauchly's W Square df Sig. Geisser Huynh-Feldt Lower-bound
attractiveness .770 15.689 2 .000 .813 .832 .500
Tests the null hypothesis that the error covariance matrix of the orthonormalized transformed dependent variables is proportional to an identity
matrix.
a. Design: Intercept
Within Subjects Design: attractiveness
b. May be used to adjust the degrees of freedom for the averaged tests of significance. Corrected tests are displayed in the Tests of Within-
Subjects Effects table.

The main ANOVA

Tests of Within-Subjects Effects

Measure: MEASURE_1
Type III Sum of Partial Eta
Source Squares df Mean Square F Sig. Squared
attractiveness Sphericity Assumed 6.750 2 3.375 28.895 .000 .321
Greenhouse-Geisser 6.750 1.626 4.152 28.895 .000 .321
Huynh-Feldt 6.750 1.664 4.056 28.895 .000 .321
Lower-bound 6.750 1.000 6.750 28.895 .000 .321
Error(attractiveness) Sphericity Assumed 14.250 122 .117
Greenhouse-Geisser 14.250 99.179 .144
Huynh-Feldt 14.250 101.511 .140
Lower-bound 14.250 61.000 .234

Descriptives
Estimated Marginal Means

attractiveness

Estimates
Measure: MEASURE_1
95% Confidence Interval
attractiveness Mean Std. Error Lower Bound Upper Bound
1 4.032 .162 3.708 4.356
2 3.597 .133 3.331 3.863
3 3.960 .168 3.625 4.295
 Posthocs

Pairwise Comparisons
Measure: MEASURE_1
95% Confidence Interval for
Mean Difference Differenceb
(I) attractiveness (J) attractiveness (I-J) Std. Error Sig.b Lower Bound Upper Bound
*
1 2 .435 .053 .000 .304 .567
3 .073 .054 .546 -.060 .205
2 1 -.435* .053 .000 -.567 -.304
*
3 -.363 .075 .000 -.547 -.179
3 1 -.073 .054 .546 -.205 .060
2 .363* .075 .000 .179 .547
Based on estimated marginal means
*. The mean difference is significant at the .05 level.
b. Adjustment for multiple comparisons: Bonferroni.

Plots

Profile Plots
Now let’s do a second one-way within-subjects ANOVA with attractiveness as the independent variable and accuracy as the
dependent variable. This time however we will do it for images of Group 2 – the out-group.

The sphericity test

Mauchly's Test of Sphericitya
Measure: MEASURE_1
Epsilonb
Approx. Chi- Greenhouse-
Within Subjects Effect Mauchly's W Square df Sig. Geisser Huynh-Feldt Lower-bound
attractiveness .909 5.709 2 .058 .917 .944 .500
Tests the null hypothesis that the error covariance matrix of the orthonormalized transformed dependent variables is proportional to an identity matrix.
a. Design: Intercept
Within Subjects Design: attractiveness
b. May be used to adjust the degrees of freedom for the averaged tests of significance. Corrected tests are displayed in the Tests of Within-Subjects
Effects table.

The main ANOVA

 Tests of Within-Subjects Effects
Measure: MEASURE_1
Type III Sum of Partial Eta
Source Squares df Mean Square F Sig. Squared
attractiveness Sphericity Assumed 1.460 2 .730 8.868 .000 .127
Greenhouse-Geisser 1.460 1.834 .796 8.868 .000 .127
Huynh-Feldt 1.460 1.888 .773 8.868 .000 .127
Lower-bound 1.460 1.000 1.460 8.868 .004 .127
Error(attractiveness) Sphericity Assumed 10.040 122 .082
Greenhouse-Geisser 10.040 111.848 .090
Huynh-Feldt 10.040 115.143 .087
Lower-bound 10.040 61.000 .165

Descriptives
Estimated Marginal Means
attractiveness

Estimates
Measure: MEASURE_1
95% Confidence Interval
attractiveness Mean Std. Error Lower Bound Upper Bound
1 .629 .044 .540 .718
2 .573 .058 .456 .689
3 .782 .050 .683 .881

Poshocs

Pairwise Comparisons
Measure: MEASURE_1
Mean Difference 95% Confidence Interval for Differenceb
(I) attractiveness (J) attractiveness (I-J) Std. Error Sig.b Lower Bound Upper Bound
1 2 .056 .059 1.000 -.088 .201
*
3 -.153 .047 .005 -.269 -.038
2 1 -.056 .059 1.000 -.201 .088
3 -.210* .048 .000 -.328 -.091
*
3 1 .153 .047 .005 .038 .269
 2 .210* .048 .000 .091 .328
Based on estimated marginal means
*. The mean difference is significant at the .05 level.
b. Adjustment for multiple comparisons: Bonferroni.

Plots

Profile Plots

This completes the SPSS for the first required analysis: within-subjects ANOVA with attractiveness level (low, medium and high) and
group membership (ingroup vs. outgroup) as the independent variables and recall accuracy as the dependent variable.
Optional analysis 2: mixed ANOVA with target photo group membership (in-group vs. out-
group) as the first independent variable and mood manipulation as the second independent
variable. The dependent variable is again accuracy.

General Linear Model

Within-Subjects
Factors
Measure: MEASURE_1
Dependent
group Variable
1 ingroup
2 outgroup

Between-Subjects Factors
Value Label N
mood_manipulations 1.00 neutral 37
2.00 positive 25

Mauchly's Test of Sphericitya

Measure: MEASURE_1
Epsilonb
Approx. Chi- Greenhouse-
Within Subjects Effect Mauchly's W Square df Sig. Geisser Huynh-Feldt Lower-bound
group 1.000 .000 0 . 1.000 1.000 1.000
Tests the null hypothesis that the error covariance matrix of the orthonormalized transformed dependent variables is proportional to an identity matrix.
a. Design: Intercept + mood_manipulations
Within Subjects Design: group
b. May be used to adjust the degrees of freedom for the averaged tests of significance. Corrected tests are displayed in the Tests of Within-Subjects
Effects table.

Tests of Within-Subjects Effects

Measure: MEASURE_1
 Type III Sum of Partial Eta
Source Squares df Mean Square F Sig. Squared
group Sphericity Assumed 273.848 1 273.848 467.118 .000 .886
Greenhouse-Geisser 273.848 1.000 273.848 467.118 .000 .886
Huynh-Feldt 273.848 1.000 273.848 467.118 .000 .886
Lower-bound 273.848 1.000 273.848 467.118 .000 .886
group * mood_manipulations Sphericity Assumed 23.607 1 23.607 40.267 .000 .402
Greenhouse-Geisser 23.607 1.000 23.607 40.267 .000 .402
Huynh-Feldt 23.607 1.000 23.607 40.267 .000 .402
Lower-bound 23.607 1.000 23.607 40.267 .000 .402
Error(group) Sphericity Assumed 35.175 60 .586
Greenhouse-Geisser 35.175 60.000 .586
Huynh-Feldt 35.175 60.000 .586
Lower-bound 35.175 60.000 .586

Tests of Between-Subjects Effects

Measure: MEASURE_1
Transformed Variable: Average
Type III Sum of Partial Eta
Source Squares df Mean Square F Sig. Squared
Intercept 588.873 1 588.873 1238.335 .000 .954
mood_manipulations 5.325 1 5.325 11.197 .001 .157
Error 28.532 60 .476

Estimated Marginal Means

mood_manipulations * group

Estimates
Measure: MEASURE_1
95% Confidence Interval
mood_manipulations group Mean Std. Error Lower Bound Upper Bound
neutral 1 4.392 .165 4.062 4.722
2 .473 .039 .396 .550
positive 1 3.080 .201 2.679 3.481
 2 .940 .047 .846 1.034

Pairwise Comparisons
Measure: MEASURE_1
95% Confidence Interval for
Mean Difference Differenceb
group (I) mood_manipulations (J) mood_manipulations (I-J) Std. Error Sig.b Lower Bound Upper Bound
*
1 neutral positive 1.312 .260 .000 .792 1.832
*
positive neutral -1.312 .260 .000 -1.832 -.792
*
2 neutral positive -.467 .061 .000 -.588 -.346
*
positive neutral .467 .061 .000 .346 .588
Based on estimated marginal means
*. The mean difference is significant at the .05 level.
b. Adjustment for multiple comparisons: Bonferroni.

Pairwise Comparisons
Measure: MEASURE_1
mood_manipulations (I) group (J) group Mean Difference Std. Error Sig.b 95% Confidence Interval for Differenceb
(I-J) Lower Bound Upper Bound
*
neutral 1 2 3.919 .178 .000 3.563 4.275
2 1 -3.919* .178 .000 -4.275 -3.563
positive 1 2 2.140* .217 .000 1.707 2.573
*
2 1 -2.140 .217 .000 -2.573 -1.707
Based on estimated marginal means
*. The mean difference is significant at the .05 level.
b. Adjustment for multiple comparisons: Bonferroni.

Additional posthocs (comparing effect of mood separately for each group)

Profile Plots