Salaheddin University – College of

Engineering
Mechanical & Mechatronic engineering
6th Semester
air condition
Experiment No.2
Cooling and dehumidification process
Stu : Siver Taj-Aldin
Objective
Chapter 2 Objective
The objectives of this experiment are:

• To study the psychrometric chart process of moist air.

• To study and investigate the Cooling and dehumidification process
• To estimate the average heat transfer from moist air.

Chapter 3 Introduction
Moist air is divided into two components: moisture and dry air. The dry bulb temperature is the temperature
of air when a thermometer is dry, while the specific humidity of the air is the amount of moisture in one
kilogram of dry air. The quality of air for air conditioning applications is determined by dry bulb temperature
and relative humidity. The cooling and dehumidification process is the most widely used air conditioning
application, used in window, split, packaged, and central air conditioning systems. In window and split air
conditioners, the evaporator coil is maintained at a lower temperature than the dew point temperature,
reducing the room's DB temperature and removing moisture. In central air conditioning systems, the cooling
coil is cooled by refrigerant or chilled water, resulting in cooling and dehumidification. The Hilton Air-
conditioning experimental unit uses these methods to change air conditions. The experiment aims to apply
air conditioning theory to the air as it passes through the air conditioning unit, comparing measured air
properties with psychrometric charts.

Chapter 4 Apparatus

Fig(1) : Gunt ET620 Air conditioning

and ventilation system

1. switch cabinet with controller, 2. air inlet with filter, 3. condensing unit,
4. fan, 5. air heater, 6. steam humidifier,
7. standard connector to connect an external air duct system, 8. inclined tube manometer,
9. ventilation grille with volume adjustment, 10. smoke detector,
11. fire protection flap, 12. ceiling vents, 13. air cooler (direct evaporato
Chapter 5 Operating Instructions and Procedure
Start up the test rig as recommended in the rig manual. This is followed by running the fan) at a certain speed
at a uniform rate. The air carries the humidity along with it which can be measured using the phychrometers
provided. Set the equipment to supply a given quantity of fresh air. This can be varied for getting different
sets of readings. The vapor-compression system (the cooling equipment) is used for
cooling/dehumidification. The de-humidification process occurs due to the condensation of moisture on the
evaporator tubes when the air reaches the dew point temperature. Some time is given until steady
conditions are obtained as observed by the steadiness of various temperature readings. This usually takes
about 25-35 minutes. Follow the on-screen menus and store the readings of all temperature and relative
humidity of air.

The fllowing measurements re taken:

• Measure mass of condensate and time for condensation.
• Measure air velocity and cross sectional area of duct.
• Dry-bulb temperature and relative humidity at air inlet and outlet along the air-path.

Chapter 6 Theory and calculation:

Cooling and dehumidification process is generally used in summer to cool and dehumidify air. The air will be
cooled when it passed through cooling coil and air is dehumidify when surface temperature of cooling coil
lower than dew point temperature of the air. That is called condensation.

This experiment will be conducted on the (ET 620 Real Air-conditioning and Ventilation System). The rig has
refrigeration system to cooling and dehumidifying air through cooling coil.

Fig(2) : cooling coil

Chapter 7 Given Data’s
A Inlet air temperature before cooling coil TA 35°C
Inlet air relative humidity before cooling coil RHA 30%
B’ Air temperature after cooling coil TB 15 °C
Air relative humidity after cooling coil RHB 75%
Apparatus dew point temperature 10 °C
Amount of water condensate 1.6 (L/min) during 30 mins
Duct dimension (0.4 m*0.2 m)
Inlet air velocity 4 m/s

1. Air mass flow rate:

𝑉′ 0.4 ∗ 0.2 𝑘𝑔
𝑚′𝑎 = = = 0.361 ⁄𝑠
𝑣𝑎 0.873

𝑉 ′ = 𝑉𝐴

𝑘𝑔⁄
𝑚′ 𝑎 = 𝑚𝑎𝑠𝑠 𝑓𝑙𝑜𝑤 𝑟𝑎𝑡𝑒 𝑜𝑓 𝑎𝑖𝑟, ( 𝑠)
3
𝑉 ′ = 𝑉𝑜𝑙𝑢𝑚𝑒 𝑓𝑙𝑜𝑤 𝑟𝑎𝑡𝑒 𝑜𝑓 𝑎𝑖𝑟, (𝑚 ⁄𝑠
3
𝑣 = 𝑠𝑝𝑒𝑐𝑖𝑓𝑖𝑐 𝑣𝑜𝑙𝑢𝑚𝑒 𝑜𝑓 𝑎𝑖𝑟 𝑎𝑡 𝑖𝑛𝑙𝑒𝑡 𝑡𝑒𝑚𝑝𝑒𝑟𝑎𝑡𝑢𝑟𝑒, (𝑚 ⁄𝑘𝑔)

2. By pass factor:
𝑇𝐵 − 𝑇𝐶
𝐵𝐹 =
𝑇𝑎 − 𝑇𝐶

3. Total cooling load in coil:

𝑄𝑐𝑜𝑜𝑙𝑖𝑛𝑔 𝑐𝑜𝑖𝑙 = 𝑚′ 𝑎 (ℎ𝐴 − ℎ𝐵 ) − 𝑚′𝑤 ℎ𝑤

4. Amount of water condensate by cooling coil

𝑚′𝑤 = 𝑚′ 𝑎 (𝑊𝐴 − 𝑊𝐵 )
Chapter 8 Heat and mass balance

Dry air mass balance:

𝑚′𝑎@𝐴 = 𝑚′𝑎@𝐵

Water mass balance:

𝑚′𝑎@𝐴 𝑊𝐴 = 𝑚′𝑎@𝐵 𝑊𝐵 + 𝑚′𝑤

Heat balance:
∑ 𝑚′ ℎ = 𝑄′𝑜𝑢𝑡 + ∑ 𝑚′ ℎ
𝑖𝑛 𝑜𝑢𝑡

Capacity of cooling coil:

𝑄′𝑜𝑢𝑡 = 𝑚′ 𝑎 (ℎ𝐴 − ℎ𝐵 ) − 𝑚′𝑤 ℎ𝑤

Chapter 9 Discussion

1. Draw process & show all points on the psychrometric chart.

2. Find the bypass factor of cooling coil (BF).
3. Find total cooling load of coil.
4. Find amount of water condensate.
5. Comment on your results.
1.

. T °C RH% H (kj/kg) W

A 35 30 62.5 0.0106

B 15 75 35 0.0078
2.
15 − 10
𝐵𝐹 = = 0.2
35 − 10

3.
𝑚′ 𝑤 = 𝑚′ 𝑎 (𝑊𝐴 − 𝑊𝐵 )

𝑚′ 𝑤 = 0.361(0.0106 − 0.0078)

𝑚′𝑤 = 0.00101 𝑘𝑔/𝑠

𝑄𝑐𝑜𝑜𝑙𝑖𝑛𝑔 𝑐𝑜𝑖𝑙 = 𝑚′ 𝑎 (ℎ𝐴 − ℎ𝐵 ) − 𝑚′𝑤 ℎ𝑤

𝑄𝑐𝑜𝑜𝑙𝑖𝑛𝑔 𝑐𝑜𝑖𝑙 = 0.0916(62.5 − 35) − 0.00101 ∗ 42.022 = 9.88

4.
𝑚′𝑤 = 0.00101 𝑘𝑔/𝑠
5.
The air conditioning lab experiment you described involves studying the cooling and dehumidification process
using the Gunt ET620 Air Conditioning and Ventilation System. The experiment focused on gathering various
readings, including Inlet air temperature before and after the cooling coil, Inlet air relative humidity before
the cooling coil, Air relative humidity after the cooling coil, Apparatus dew point temperature, and the
Amount of water condensate.

The process began with the initial setup of the Gunt ET620 system, including specific duct dimensions and
inlet air velocity. The collected data, such as temperature and humidity measurements, served as input for
further analysis on the psychometric chart. The psychometric chart is a graphical representation of the
thermodynamic properties of air at a constant pressure and is commonly used in air conditioning and HVAC
engineering.

Here's how the process have looked on the psychometric chart:

A- Inlet Air State Point (Before Cooling Coil): The initial conditions of the incoming air are represented on
the chart, typically as a point indicating the temperature and humidity ratio.
B- Outlet Air State Point (After Cooling Coil): The new state of the air after passing through the cooling coil
is represented on the chart. The temperature decreases, and the humidity ratio may also decrease.
C- The apparatus dew point: the effective surface temperature of the cooling coil, This is the temperature
to which all the supply air would be cooled if 100% of the supply air contacted the coil.

Discussing the results involves interpreting the calculated values. The total cooling coil load indicates the
effectiveness of the system in removing heat from the air, contributing to the overall cooling process. The
amount of water condensate reflects the system's dehumidification capability.