Filière :MPSI Année scolaire :2022-2023

Prof :NASRI Mouad

Développements limités usuels (au voisinage de 0)

n
x x2 xn X xk
ex = 1 + + + ··· + + o(xn ) = + o(xn )
1! 2! n! k!
k=0
n
x2 x4 x2n 2n+1
X x2k
ch x = 1 + + + ··· + + o(x )= + o(x2n+1 )
2! 4! (2n)! (2k)!
k=0
n
x3 x5 x2n+1 X x2k+1
sh x = x + + + ··· + + o(x2n+2 ) = + o(x2n+1 )
3! 5! (2n + 1)! (2k + 1)!
k=0
x3 2 17 7
th x = x − + x5 − x + o(x8 )
3 15 315
n
x2 x4 x2n X x2k
cos x = 1 − + + · · · + (−1)n + o(x2n+1 ) = (−1)k + o(x2n+1 )
2! 4! (2n)! (2k)!
k=0
n
x3 x5 n x 2n+1
2n+2
X x2k+1
sin x = x − + + · · · + (−1) + o(x )= (−1)k + o(x2n+2 )
3! 5! (2n + 1)! (2k + 1)!
k=0
x3 2 17 7
tan x = x + + x5 + x + o(x8 )
3 15 315
α(α − 1) 2 α(α − 1) · · · (α − n + 1) n
(1 + x)α = 1 + αx + x + ··· + x + o(xn )
2! n!
n
1 X
= 1 + x + x2 + · · · + xn + o(xn ) = xk + o(xn )
1−x
k=0
n
1 X
= 1 − x + x2 + · · · + (−1)n xn + o(xn ) = (−1)k xk + o(xn )
1+x
k=0
n k
1 x 3 2 1.3.5 . . . (2n − 1) X
k C2k k
√ = 1 − + x + · · · + (−1)n x n
+ o(x n
) = (−1) x + o(xn )
1+x 2 8 2n n! 4k
k=0
n k
1 X C2k
√ = x2k + o(x2n+1 )
1 − x2 4k
k=0
n k
X C2k
arcsin(x) = x2k+1 + o(x2n+2 )
4k (2k + 1)
k=0
n k
π X C2k
arccos(x) = − x2k+1 + o(x2n+2 )
2 4k (2k + 1)
k=0
n
x3 x5 x2n+1 X x2k+1
arctan x = x − + + · · · + (−1)n + o(x2n+2 ) = (−1)k + o(x2n+2 )
3 5 2n + 1 2k + 1
k=0
n
x2 x3 x n+1 X xk+1
ln(1 + x) = x − + + · · · + (−1)n + o(xn+1 ) = (−1)k + o(xn+1 )
2 3 n+1 k+1
k=0
n
x2 x3 xn+1 n+1
X xk+1
ln(1 − x) = −x − − − ··· − + o(x )=− + o(xn+1 )
2 3 n+1 k+1
k=0
x3 x5 x2n+1
arg th x = x + + + ··· + + o(x2n+2 )
3 5 2n + 1
1 x3 3 x5 1.3.5 . . . (2n − 1) x2n+1
arg sinh x = x − + + · · · + (−1)n + o(x2n+2 )
2 3 8 5 2n n! 2n + 1