PRECIPITATION

Precipitation is any type of water that forms in

the Earth's atmosphere and then drops onto
the surface of the Earth.
HAIL
SLEET
GRAUPEL
HOW DOES SNOW FORM?
Snow forms when temperatures
are low and when tiny ice crystals
in clouds stick together to
become snowflakes. If enough
crystals stick together, they'll
become heavy enough to fall to
the ground.
Snow requires temperatures at the ground to be
near or below freezing—less than 0 degrees
Celsius (32-degrees Fahrenheit).
HOW DOES RAIN FORM?
Rain is precipitation that falls to the
surface of the Earth as water droplets.

There are three main types of rainfall:

• Relief Rainfall
• Convectional Rainfall
• Frontal Rainfall
Relief Rainfall features such as
mountains and hills result in the
rising and cooling of moist wind to
for relief rainfall.
Convectional Rainfall
Convectional rainfall is associated with warm
climates. The sun heats up the ground causing
any moisture in the ground or stored on leaves,
etc to evaporate. This evaporated moisture rises
and as it rises will cools. It then condenses to
form clouds, resulting in rain.
Frontal Rainfall

Rain can be created when two air masses meet. If

a mass of cold air meets a mass of warm air the
two are unable to mix. As the cold air is denser
(heavier) than the warm air, it forces the warm air
mass to rise and move over the cold air. As the
warm air rises, it begins to cool and condense
creating clouds. These clouds then bring with
them rainfall.
IMPORTANCE OF STUDYING RAINFALL
• Understanding rainfall patterns is essential for
managing water resources sustainably, ensuring
sufficient water supply for domestic, agricultural,
industrial, and ecological needs.

• Studying rainfall helps predict droughts, floods, and

other extreme weather events that can impact
crop production, food security, and livelihoods.
• Studying rainfall patterns and intensities helps in
assessing flood risks, designing flood mitigation
measures, and improving early warning systems
to minimize the impact of floods.

• Rainfall data is essential for designing

infrastructure such as stormwater drainage
systems, dams, bridges, and roads to withstand
varying precipitation intensities and reduce the
risk of damage from extreme weather events.
Types of data that are fundamental for analysis
and understanding Rainfall.

• Time and Date Stamp

Each rainfall measurement should be associated with
a precise time and date, allowing for the analysis of
temporal patterns, trends, and seasonality.

• Rainfall Amount
This refers to the quantity of precipitation that has
fallen over a specific area during a defined period.
• Location Information
Geographic coordinates (latitude and longitude) of the
rainfall measurement sites are necessary for spatial
analysis and mapping. Knowing where the rainfall
occurred helps identify regional patterns and local
variations.

• Rainfall Intensity
In addition to the total amount of rainfall, it's important to
record the intensity of rainfall, which refers to the rate at
which precipitation falls per unit of time (e.g., millimeters
per hour). This data helps assess the severity of rainfall
events and their potential impacts.
• Duration of Rainfall
Information on the duration of rainfall events, including
the start and end times, helps characterize the
dynamics of precipitation and its effects on the
environment. This can range from short-duration
intense storms to prolonged steady rain.
Human activities can influence precipitation
patterns through a process known as human-
induced climate change.
Burning Fossil Fuels
Deforestation
Urbanization
Agricultural Practices
Industrial Processes
Waste Disposal
SEATWORK #2
Objective: To enhance your understanding of precipitation, its types, and
significance in hydrology.
1.Define Precipitation.
2.Define and Explain each Types of Precipitation.
3.Define what types of Rains does the Philippines
experiencing.
4. Why is it important for precipitation to occur regularly?
5. How does precipitation impact the water cycle?
6. Name human activity that can be influenced by the
amount of precipitation.
ASSIGNMENT #3
1. Why does the Philippines usually experience significant
rainfall from August to December, and what is the
distribution of moderate, severe, and super typhoons
during this period?
2. How does the Philippines enhance the accuracy of
typhoon predictions and prepare for these weather events?
( A4 Print)

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RAINWATER HARVESTING SYSTEM