PLAGIARISM (pronounced as PLAY-ja-rizm).

Plagiarism happens when you present someone else’s work as your own original work. This can occur when you
copy and paste without naming the author or source. Sadly, most students are tempted to plagiarize because they
think that it is easier for them to just copy paste without realizing the fact that what they are doing is not only
unethical but also it gives readers the impression that the output is simply a copycat and not original.
Remember that when you use others’ ideas, you can:
1. Quote:
Use the writer’s actual words
Use quotation marks
Give reference details, including the page/paragraph number

2. Paraphrase:
Rewrite the writer’s ideas in your own words and name the writer keep the meaning
Change the words and the word order give reference details.

3. Summarize:
Rewrite the writer’s ideas in your own words in a shorter form keep the author’s main ideas
Avoid copying the author’s words
Make it clear which ideas are yours, and which are the author’s.

ON REFERENCING

1. Referencing:
Acknowledge the writer and show the reader where ideas came from Referencing can be used in two (2) ways::
In-text citation:

in the paragraphs of your essay/report

Ex.: Research by Jones and Xiao (2014) shows that significant analysis has been carried out relating to these
specific human resource management initiatives.

Parenthetical citation:
Ex: There has been a significant amount of data which has shown that these human resource management
initiatives have been thoroughly analyzed for effectiveness (Jones & Xiao, 2014).

2. Reference list:
End of the essay/report
APA format (American Psychological Association)
Website: Last name, F.M. (Year, Month, Date published). Article title. Retrieved from URL
Book: Last name, F.M. (Year, Month, Date published). Title. City, State: Publisher

Example: Paterno, M. E. (1993) The Girl who Fell from the Sky: And Other Classic Philippine Legends. Makati:
Tahanan Books for Young Readers
NOTE: the title of work is italicized or in italics.

3. If something is common knowledge or information that many people already know, you don’t need to reference
it. Common knowledge usually includes major historical events, famous people, and geographic areas. But, when
in doubt, provide a reference.