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Personal development refers to the ongoing process of enhancing one’s

knowledge, skills, attitudes, and self-awareness to reach their full potential and lead a

fulfilling life. When integrated into an internship experience, personal development

becomes a valuable component, as it empowers students to not only gain industry-

specific knowledge and practical skills but also fosters their growth on a personal level.

Internships provide a unique environment where students can refine their

communication, teamwork, problem-solving, and timemanagement abilities, all of which

contribute to their personal development. Furthermore, exposure to diverse work

cultures and challenges during internships can significantly increase self-confidence,

adaptability, and resilience, allowing students to better navigate their future careers and

lead more enriched lives (Magnaye,2022).

Internship program is a structured and temporary work arrangement typically

offered by organizations to students or recent graduates, allowing them to gain practical

experience in a specific field or industry. Interns participate in hands-on tasks and

projects related to their field of study or career interests, providing them with valuable

insights, skills, and networking opportunities while offering employers the chance to

assess potential future employees. These programs are a vital bridge between

academic learning and real-world work experience, facilitating personal and

professional development for the participants (Trinidad, 2020).

In contrast, Internship programs offer students a valuable opportunity to gain

real-world field experience in their chosen fields of study. Through these programs,
students can bridge the gap between academic knowledge and practical application, as

they immerse themselves in professional settings. Field experience, in this context,

refers to the hands-on learning and exposure to the day-to-day operations, challenges,

and responsibilities of a specific industry or profession. It allows students to apply

theoretical concepts learned in the classroom to real-world situations, develop critical

skills, build professional networks, and make informed career choices (Angan, 2020).

Internship programs are vital in readying students to understand the practical

dynamics of the business and professional realm. They offer a chance for students to

put into practice and further develop the knowledge they have gained in their academic

studies, specifically tailored to their chosen areas of expertise. Unlike traditional

classroom settings, internships provide hands-on, real-world experiences that are

indispensable for students' professional growth and cannot be replicated within the

confines of academic institutions (Mary Grace Tangaro-Delelis, 2019)

Moreover, internships serve as valuable learning experiences for students,

addressing various aspects related to their studies and providing them with essential

practical knowledge. They are often described as “supervised work experiences” where

instructors and students collaborate to offer real-life, on-the job training. The primary

goal is to expose students to genuine work situations and help them enhance their skills

under the guidance of instructors. Internships offer students hands-on training in their

respective fields, allowing them to gain practical knowledge and experience. This

experience can be transformative, increasing students’ maturity levels, self-confidence,

and self-concept. Internships also have a personal development aspect, enabling

students to apply their skills in a practical setting, recognize their strengths, address

their weaknesses, and instill a belief in their ability to make a difference (Bulacan State

University, 2019).

FOREIGN RRS

(Pascua D., Corpuz T., Sadang W. 2022) The goal of the on-the-job training

program is to get students ready for careers as practitioners in their fields of choice. It is

intended that all colleges and universities will create curricula that strengthen students'

abilities and competences, which may be needed by companies where they receive

training. This includes developing performance systems and material. The study's goal

is to evaluate the students' performance and professional abilities as they go through

their on-the-job training program. To examine the collected data, descriptive and

inferential research designs were applied. The findings indicated that the students' basic

skills were most important for their careers, while their business management skills

were least important. This shows that participants are more focused on honing their

core knowledge.

According to Giorgio Di Pietro (2022) An increasing number of students

complete an internship during their higher education studies in a country different from

that of their home institution. A main advantage of this type of mobility is that it responds

to employers' need for graduates with both hands‐on experience and global skills. In

this paper, we attempt to review existing research on the types of skills higher education
students gain through their participation in international internships. While there are

several systematic reviews on study abroad programs, this is, to the best of our

knowledge, the first focusing on internship programs abroad. According to the study,

international internships during higher education offer significant advantages by

providing students with hands-on experience and global skills. This is important as it

aligns with employers' increasing demand for graduates who possess practical skills

and a global mindset. This paper's focus on reviewing the types of skills gained from

international internships fills an important gap in existing research, especially compared

to the abundance of systematic reviews on study abroad programs.

Prescott, Gjerde, and Rice (2021) The academic effects of required internships on

undergraduate students were investigated. It was discovered that although internships

offer hands-on learning opportunities and enable students to utilize theoretical

knowledge in authentic scenarios, there exist certain disadvantages. Students'

academic performance suffered during internships, and only slightly improved

subsequently, according to their econometric research. This emphasizes how crucial it

is to take internships' academic effects into account while creating educational curricula.

Thus, to fully shape students' learning journeys, educators and administrators should

carefully weigh the advantages and disadvantages of internships.

According to Ismaela M Bawica (2021) Internships have traditionally been

seen as a valuable way for university students to get preliminary job knowledge and

experience, increasing their employability in a competitive labor market. The purpose of

this study was to ascertain the internship program and its perceived effect on the
employability readiness of selected graduating University students. Three individual

factors (academic preparedness, positive attitude, and self-initiative) and four

organizational factors (challenging job, effective supervision, task clarity, and

compensation) were identified as critical ingredients of a practical internship based on a

literature review. To investigate this further, a quantitative study involving 88 student

interns was conducted. The results showed that the internship was generally assessed

as highly effective and has positive effects on the employability skills development and

the attitude towards future career. The results of the study proved that the academic

internship programs and internship placement access are both necessary structural

elements of successful internship programs that result in positive experiences for

students and employers. The results of this study can be an input to the University and

partner organizations. The positive effects of successful internship programs,

highlighting the importance of academic internships in fostering positive experiences

and enhancing employability skills.

According to Siddarth Singh Bist, Dr Neha Mehta, Disha Harshadbhai

Mehta, And Dr Indra Meghrajani (2020). This paper investigates the perception of

corporate managers regarding employability skills of management students undertaking

summer internship with them. The study is divided into two parts wherein the first part

consists of literature review and in-depth interviews of senior managers, and it is

devoted to identifying critical parameters that affect employability of management

students. The second part of research consists of a survey of 195 company supervisors

who rated 405 intern students on the 22 items identified in the first part. The results
indicate that intern students lacked in communication skills, problem solving ability,

analytical skills and business understanding but fared well in the other parameters like

self-management, using ICT efficiently, people relations and team spirit, innovative

approach and critical thinking, self-confidence and assertiveness and drive to learn.

According to the study's findings, students struggle with communication and problem-

solving techniques. however, they perform exceptionally great in other areas, such as

ICT use and self-management.

(According to Ivana, 2019) With the ability to assist students to relate their

academic studies to the corporate world, internships are becoming more and more

significant for higher education in business. In this research, students enrolled in an

international study program (a German field of study) have their internships analyzed to

ascertain the elements that contribute to the most valuable internship experience. The

findings, which take into account the components of the experiential education

approach, point to certain traits that, depending on gender and work status, support

higher levels of perceived internship effectiveness. Business universities can use these

findings as a foundation to create effective internship programs.

Sarika Joshi, Honey Tyagi (2019) The main objective of this study is to

identify the factors which contribute to the preference opted by the interns amongst

various options for an internship. The two major options available for the interns are

Domestic internship and international internship. The study also aims at a comparison

between the two choices of the internship. This study further explores the impact of
internship on the personality development of the interns. This study also aims to identify

the level of satisfaction of the students with their internship experience, the stakeholder

that has the most influence over student’s overall satisfaction. A structured survey

questionnaire was used to collect data from hotel management students in different

colleges of Hotel Management & Catering Technology, Pune. The data was analyzed

and presented with the help of pie charts and bar diagrams. The findings were based on

Internship planning, the factors contributing towards the selection of preferences

between Domestic and International Internship, and the impact of internship on interns.

However, the respondents perceived internship program planning as the most important

factor in their internship. This shows that institutes play an important role in the

internship experience of the students. The findings also showed that majority of the

respondents were highly satisfied with their internship experience as it contributed

positively towards the development of their personality. According to the study, the

respondents had a very positive experience with their internship.

According to a study by Zehr & Korte (2018), interns can gain a deeper

understanding of others, themselves, and their workplace. Students were able to

discuss with researchers what they had learned from their internships, including how to

collaborate with others in a group environment, which was another discovery from the

study. The study's data also showed that the students' internships were able to give

them insightful knowledge about the field for which they were training.
 Internships are beneficial for undergraduate students since they give them

valuable leadership and transferable abilities that they can use in their future jobs.

Nonetheless, the study recognizes that students must create links between the

classroom and the job, which makes it difficult to transfer information from one context

to another. Internships are beneficial because they help students make the connection

between the abilities they acquire there, and the skills required for their desired sector of

work. Through training and collaboration with peers and staff, interns can gain skills in

interpersonal communication, interviewing, resolving conflicts, administration,

supervision, information, and leadership. When customized to the job aim, these

abilities are universal and transportable across a wide range of professional domains.

(Zehr & Korte, 2018) Internships are essential for undergraduate students to gain a

deeper understanding of others, themselves, and their workplace. They allow students

to engage in discussions with researchers, enhance their collaboration skills, and gain

valuable insights into their chosen field. Internships equip students with leadership and

transferable skills, which are crucial for their future careers.

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 Local

According to the study of LPU Manila (2023) internships is an---on the job

training that sees students gain a practical knowledge and an experience in their field. It

provides invaluable experience and can change students’ lives. Interning can increase

students’ maturity levels and can improve their self-confidence and self-concepts.

Internship to personal aspect indicating that it can develop personal aspects of

Students, undergoing internship training is valuable for students, it helps them to apply

their skills into practical field, it teach them how to be productive and recognize their

strengths, avoid their weakness and give them the Belief in making difference.

(According to Hebron D. 2020) With an emphasis on the relationships between

student trainees' performance, personal traits, attitudes toward their work, competence,

job performance, and adherence to business policies, the study sought to assess on-

the-job training techniques in Quezon City, Philippines. Data on the student trainee's

participation in the program, adherence to personal traits, attitude toward the job, job

performance, competencies, and compliance with school policies were gathered by a

descriptive survey. The findings indicated a noteworthy variation in the perspectives on

a proactive resolution to the degree of concurrence with the issues faced by the

informants during the execution of the on-the-job training initiative. The majority of

student trainees expressed a want to impart their knowledge and experiences to fellow

students who plan to pursue similar training opportunities in the future. On the other

hand, students felt that on-the-job training did not significantly improve confidence,
competency, or dedication, nor did it assist them monitor and elevate their skills and

abilities.

Is the material presented in the literature review to my research interests?

Is the specific problem area identified in the first paragraph or two of the reports?
Does the research establish the importance of the research problem?
Does RRL establish the connection to the latest research?
Is the research cited recent?
Is the literature review critical?
Is the researcher clear and to what is research, theory, and opinion?
Is the research a strong literature review?
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