- Mark Scheme /

Question Answer Marks AO Element Notes Guidance

1 particles have more kinetic 4

energy (1)
particles move faster (1)
more collisions per unit time
(1)
more of the particles have
energy greater than or equal to
activation energy / more of the
collisions have energy greater
than or equal to activation
energy (1)
OR
more of the particles have
sufficient energy to react / more
of the collisions have sufficient
energy to react
OR
a greater percentage or greater
proportion or greater fraction of
collisions are successful (1)

2 any two from: 2

• increase concentration of
hydrochloric acid
• decrease particle size of
calcium carbonate / increase
surface area of calcium
carbonate
• (add) catalyst
 - Mark Scheme /

Question Answer Marks AO Element Notes Guidance

3 rate decreases / reaction gets 3

slower (1)
concentration of acid decreases
(1)
fewer collisions per unit time
(1)

4 (substance which) speeds up a 1

reaction / substance which
increases the rate of reaction

3
5 line starts from 0 cm AND initial 2
gradient less steep (1)
final volume levels off between
3
24–30 cm (1)

6 any value between and including 1

3 3
37 (cm ) to 38 (cm )

7 the reaction is complete / the 1

reaction has finished

8(a) measuring cylinder 1

 - Mark Scheme /

Question Answer Marks AO Element Notes Guidance

8(b) measure the volume of gas 2

given off / measure volume of
carbon dioxide produced OR
measure time taken (1)
(measure volume) over a given
time(s) OR (measure time) to
produce given volume(s) of gas
(1)

9 (substance which) speeds up a 1

reaction / increases the rate of
reaction

10 decreases rate / decreases 1

it / makes it slower

11 (top to bottom) small (pieces) 1

AND large (pieces) AND
powder

12 variable oxidation states 1

13 (a substance which) increases 2

the rate of a reaction (1)
without being used up (at the
end) / remains
unchanged / unaffected / without
changing mass (1)
 - Mark Scheme /

Question Answer Marks AO Element Notes Guidance

14(a) any one from: 1

increase surface area (of cobalt)
powder the metal
add a catalyst

14(b) (particles) have more 3

energy / (particles) move faster
(1)
more collisions per
second / greater collision rate
(1)
more of the colliding molecules
have sufficient energy (activation
energy) to react (1)

15(a) to left / towards reactants / in 1

reverse direction

15(b) increase / faster (1) 2

increase / faster (1)

16(a) any one from: 1

increase surface area (of cobalt)
powder the metal
add a catalyst
 - Mark Scheme /

Question Answer Marks AO Element Notes Guidance

16(b) (particles) have more 3

energy / (particles) move faster
(1)
more collisions per
second / greater collision rate
(1)
more of the colliding molecules
have sufficient energy (activation
energy) to react (1)

17(a) decreases (rate) / slower (rate) 1

17(b) decreases (rate) / slower (rate) 1

17(c) increases (rate) / faster (rate) 1

18(a) methane 1

18(b) speeds up the 1

reaction / increases the rate of
reaction

19 speed up the reaction / increase 1

the rate of reaction / speed of
reaction faster
 - Mark Scheme /

Question Answer Marks AO Element Notes Guidance

20 increasing the concentration of 3

the acid (1)
increasing the temperature (1)
using magnesium powder /
using smaller pieces of
magnesium (1)

3
21(a) 220 (cm ) 1

21(b) 49 (min) 1

21(c) goes faster / increases (rate) 1

22(a) more particles (of acid) in a 2

3 3
given volume / dm / cm (1)
more collisions per second / unit
time OR greater collision rate
(1)
 - Mark Scheme /

Question Answer Marks AO Element Notes Guidance

22(b) particles have more energy / 2

particles move faster / more
collisions per second / more
collisions per unit time / greater
collision rate (1)
more (of the) particles /
collisions have energy greater
than the activation energy / more
particles have sufficient energy
to react / more collisions have
sufficient energy to react / a
greater percentage of collisions
are successful (1)

3
23(a) 210 cm 2
M1 expected volume of
3
hydrogen = 300 cm
M2 70% of M1

23(b) fewer moles / molecules / 1

particles (of gas) on the
left-hand side

23(c) endothermic 1

23(d) increases rate (of reaction) 1

24(a) hydrogen / H2 1
 - Mark Scheme /

Question Answer Marks AO Element Notes Guidance

24(b) gas syringe connected to a flask 3

OR this described in words (1)
closed apparatus / workable
apparatus OR this described in
words (1)
timer or stopwatch OR this
described in words (1)

25(a) hydrogen / H2 1

25(b) gas syringe connected to flask 3 allow measuring

OR this described in words (1) cylinder inverted in
water
closed apparatus / workable
apparatus OR this described in
words (1)
timer / stop-watch OR this
described in words (1)

26(a) the more concentrated the acid, 1

the greater the rate ORA

26(b) nitric (acid) 1

26(c) any value between 19 and 39 1

hours (exclusive of these
values)

26(d) pH 4 1
 - Mark Scheme /

Question Answer Marks AO Element Notes Guidance

27(a) the higher the concentration the 1

faster the rate / as the
concentration increases the rate
of reaction increases ORA

27(b) phosphoric (acid) 1

27(c) any value between 45 and 102 1

hours (exclusive of these
values)

27(d) pH 2 1

28 1
D - 2 and 4

29 B 1

30 A 1

31 1
B - Catalysts increase the
energy of the reacting particles.

32 gradient / slope is greater for 1

strontium ora
 - Mark Scheme /

Question Answer Marks AO Element Notes Guidance

33 the line was still going up / the 1

line was still rising

3
34 11 (cm ) 1

35 (rate) increases 1

36 64–66 (s) 1

37 measure the volume of gas 1

in a (measuring) cylinder 1

at different times 1

38 speed up the reaction / increase 1

reaction rate
 - Mark Scheme /

Question Answer Marks AO Element Notes Guidance

39 rate increases with increase in 2

temperature
rate increases with temperature
= [1]

40(a) measure volume of gas / 1

measure amount of gas

gas collected in the measuring 1

cylinder

at different times / use of 1

stopclock to measure time

40(b) faster reaction / rate increases 1

40(c) same concentration of acid 1

same mass of iron 1

same size of iron pieces 1

[Total: 93]