7/8

Caregiving
Exploratory Course
Quarter 1 – Module 3/Week 5:
Practice Occupational Health
and Safety Procedures
Technology and Livelihood Education Caregiving Exploratory – Grade 7/8
Module 3 Weeks 5 : Practice Occupational Health and Safety Procedures
First Edition, 2020

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Every effort has been exerted to locate and seek permission to use these materials from their
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over them.

Published by the Department of Education – Region XI

Development Team of the Module

Writers: Ruth B. Manguiat

Editors: Shyrene R. Toong
Reviewers: Ana Monica A. Ponsica
Illustrator: -
Layout Artist: Wedzmer B. Munjilul
Template Developer: Neil Edward D. Diaz
Management Team: Reynaldo M. Guillena
Jinky B. Firman
Marilyn V. Deduyo
Alma C. Cifra
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Department of Education – Davao City

Office Address: DepEd Davao City Division, Elpidio Quirino Ave., Davao City

Telefax: 224-3274

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 7/8

Caregiving
Exploratory Course
Quarter 1 – Module 3/Week 5:
Practice Occupational Health
and Safety Procedures

1
Introductory Message

For the facilitator:

As a facilitator, you are expected to orient the learners on how to use
this module. You also need to keep track of the learners' progress while
allowing them to manage their own learning at home. Furthermore, you are
expected to encourage and assist the learners as they do the tasks included
in the module.

For the learner:

As a learner, you must learn to become responsible of your own
learning. Take time to read, understand, and perform the different activities
in the module.

As you go through the different activities of this module be reminded

of the following:

1. Use the module with care. Do not put unnecessary mark/s on any
part of the module. Use a separate sheet of paper in answering the
exercises.
2. Don’t forget to answer Let Us Try before moving on to the other
activities.
3. Read the instructions carefully before doing each task.
4. Observe honesty and integrity in doing the tasks and checking your
answers.
5. Finish the task at hand before proceeding to the next.
6. Return this module to your teacher/facilitator once you are done.

If you encounter any difficulty in answering the tasks in this module, do not
hesitate to consult your teacher or facilitator. Always bear in mind that you
are not alone. We hope that through this material, you will experience
meaningful learning and gain deep understanding of the relevant
competencies. You can do it!

2
 Let Us Learn

Welcome to the world of Caregiving again! Module 2, weeks 3 and 4 were such a
huge success, now you are going to explore the world of caregiving on how to identify
hazards and risks.

Module 3 was anchored on Most Essential Learning Competencies (MELCs)

in TLE Exploratory Course Grade 7/8 – Caregiving under the Home Economics
component.

Lesson 3. PRACTICE OCCUPATIONAL HEALTH AND SAFETY PROCEDURES-

TLE_HECGO7/8-0h-5

LO 1. Identify hazards and risk

1.1. Identify hazard and risk
1.2. Determine hazard and risks indicators in the workplace
1.3. Determine the effects of hazards

After going through this lesson, you are expected to:

a. Identify hazards and risk
b. Evaluate and control hazards and risk

Let Us Try

Let us determine how much you already know about different hazards and risks.
Take this test.
Directions: Write the word True if the statement is correct, and False if the
statement is not true. Write your best answer the answer sheet.

________ 1. Too much bending and reaching is an example of a physical hazard.

________ 2. Psychological hazards happen when a worker’s environment becomes

stressful.

________ 3. Observing the nursing home environment is one of the ways in

determining health problems in the workplace.

________ 4. Accidents happen because people are not mindful of their environment.

________ 5. Too much lifting of heavy loads does not result in injury.

1
 Let Us Study
Hazard is anything that may cause harm to an individual, such as chemicals,
electricity, open drawers, and inadequate ventilation.
Risk is the possibility that somebody could be harmed by these and other hazards
and the indication of how serious the harm can be.

Source: K to 12 Basic Education Curriculum Guide Technology and Livelihood Education Learning Module,
page 63

freepil.com
https://www.freepik.com/premium-vector/man-lifting-posture-incorrect-heavy-object_4304456.htm

What do you think about the picture above? You might say, he is lifting an object,
yes that is correct! But is the man’s posture in lifting the object correct or incorrect?
As you go through this lesson you will know if the man’s posture is correct. Let us
start.

Terminology plays an important role in the understanding of contexts and

specialized texts. Understanding the intricate terminological details of the technical
and scientific contexts helps students comprehend what the main message of the
document is, and it helps teachers to transmit the content more effectively. Today,
you will learn new words as you go through this module to develop more you’re
understanding.

Besharat Fathi, February 2, 2017, Introduction to Terminology, Teaching and Learning

https://terminosophyblog.wordpress.com/2017/02/02/some-important-reasons-for-studying-
terminology/

Definitions of Terms

Ø Assess – to determine the value or extent of something

Ø Contaminate – to make unclean through contact

Ø Crucial – significant to the solution of a problem

Ø Discard – to put away or throw away

Ø Double-bagged – a technique of putting contaminated items/things in a

plastic bag and then placing the closed bag into another plastic bag

2
 Ø Fuse – a device used for protecting an electric circuit

Ø Potential – capable of growth, development, and coming into being

Ø Respirator – an instrument that supplies oxygen for breathing

Types of Hazards

Physical hazards are the most normal occurrences in workplaces. They are usually
easy to detect, however, very often are neglected because people are too accustomed
to them. Another reason may be due to lack of knowledge or people do not see
situations as hazards.

Example of Physical Hazards that a Caregiver may be exposed to:

• Electrical hazards – it refers to improper wiring and frayed cords. Misuse of

electrical equipment also happens in any type of working environment.
• Endless loud noise – it refers to frequent noise from the workplace such as,
patients who are suffering from depression is a hazard.
• Spills on the floor or tripping hazards – there are times when even the
caregivers themselves do not mind spills on floors. This poses a hazard to
everyone.

https://www.shutterstock.com/search/slip+fall+injury?image_type=illustration&page=2

Some of the Effects of Physical Hazards

• Fire
• Decreased efficiency
• Annoyance
• Falls

Biological hazards – come from working with animals, people, or infectious

materials. One of the most common hazards that a caregiver faces. If one is working
in a daycare, hospital, hotel laundry, nursing home, laboratory, he/she may be
exposed to biological hazards.

3
Examples of Biological hazards that a caregiver may be exposed to:

• Blood • Bacteria and viruses

• Fungi • Contaminated wastes

http://clipart-library.com/dripping-blood-clipart.htm

Some of the Effects of Biological Hazards

• Infections • Tuberculosis
• Skin irritations • Aids
• Allergy

Ergonomic hazards – occur when a caregiver’s nature of work, body position, and
working conditions put pressure on his/her body. It is difficult to spot this type of
hazard because caregivers do not immediately notice the effect on their bodies. Long-
term exposure to this type of hazard can cause musculoskeletal problems.

https://www.gettyimages.com/photos/nurse-lifting-patient?phrase=nurse%20lifting%patient&sort=
mostpopular

Examples of ergonomic hazards that a caregiver may be exposed to:

• Performing tasks that require lifting heavy loads
• Too much bending and reaching
• Standing for long periods
• Holding body parts for long periods
• Awkward movements, especially if they are repetitive
• Repeating the same movements over and over

4
Some of the Effects of Ergonomic Hazards
• Pain in the shoulders
• Back injury
• Too much impact on wrist and hands
• Numbness in some parts of the body
• Muscle cramps

Chemical Hazards- are present when a worker is exposed to any chemical

preparation in the workplace in any form (solid, liquid, or gas). There may be safe
chemicals, but some caregivers who are sensitive to solutions may cause skin
irritation, illness, or breathing problems.

https://www.123rf.com/clipart-vector/difficulty_breathing.html?sti=mb6lwot08hxaf5k2a3|

Examples of chemical hazards that a caregiver may be exposed to:

• Liquids like cleaning products
• Disinfecting solutions

Effects of Chemical Hazards

• Lung diseases
• Difficulty in breathing
• Allergy

Psychological Hazards take place when a caregiver’s work environment becomes

stressful or demanding.

https://riskandinsurance.com/fighting-violence-in-health-care-settings/

Examples of psychological hazards that a caregiver may be exposed to:

• “Burn out” fatigue and on-call duty
• Unreasonable expectations from patients or clients
• Verbal abuse from dissatisfied clients
• Unreasonable expectations from supervisors and management.

5
Some of the Effects of Psychological Hazards
• Depression
• Anxiety
• Loss of confidence
• Loss of concentration at work
• Deterioration of performance at work

Let Us Practice
Hazards and risks vary from one workplace to another. It differs from the type of
building where the establishment is situated. Today, let us start learning things from
what you have learned. Continue learning!

A. Directions: Identify the type of hazard a worker is exposed to base on the

description given in each item. Unscramble the letter by placing the correct letter
sequence on your answer sheet.

1. Repetitive and forceful movements

ROGIMCENO

2. Spillages of toxic materials

HALECMCI

3. Bacteria and viruses

LOBGIIOCLA

Let Us Practice More

Congratulations! You have done well on your first activity. Now, to deepen your
mastery of the topic tries to work on the following activities.

A. Directions: Match the word in Column A with that of the description in Column
B. Write the letter of your choice on your answer sheet.

Column A Column B

1. Biological Hazard A. It is anything that may cause harm to an

individual
2. Hazard B. The type of hazard that is usually the
easiest spot.
3. Risk C. It comes from working with infectious
materials.
4. Occupational health

6
 D. The indication of how serious the harm can
be.
5. Physical hazard E. The promotion and maintenance of the
well-being of workers.

B. Directions: As part of your performance task, walk around in your house and list
down five possible PHYSICAL HAZARDS that you may find. Explain why these
things that you have identified or listed posed danger to the members of your
family. Follow the format below and answer on your answer sheet. You will be
graded based on the scoring rubrics below.

Possible hazard/risk Reason/s why it poses danger to me and

my family

Scoring Rubric

Content Very Good Good Fair Needs

(100 points) (90 points) (85 points) Improvement
(75 points)

Knowledge and Students were Students were Students were There is an

Understanding able to identify 5 able to identify 4 able to identify attempt to
physical hazards physical hazards 3 physical identify but
with complete with little hazards with the content
knowledge and knowledge and little needs
understanding understanding knowledge and improvement
understanding

Let Us Remember

ü Hazard is anything that may cause harm to an individual, such as chemicals,

electricity, open drawers, and inadequate ventilation.
ü Risk is the possibility that somebody could be harmed by these and other hazards
and the indication of how serious the harm can be.
ü Occupational Health and Safety is the campaign and maintenance of the well-
being of workers in every occupation.
ü
1. Physical hazards are the most common occurrences in workplaces.
2. Biological hazards come from working with animals, people, or infectious
materials.

7
3. Ergonomic hazards occur when a caregiver’s nature of work, body position, and
working conditions put pressure on his/her body.
4. Chemical hazards are present when a worker is exposed to any chemical
preparation in the workplace in any form solid, liquid, or gas.
5. Psychological Hazards take place when a caregiver’s work environment becomes
stressful or demanding.

ü Control Hazards and Risks:

1. Eliminating 4. An administrative control
2. Substitution 5. Personal Protective Equipment
3. An engineering controls

ü Practical Ways to Prevent Hazards Risks:

1. A Closer Look at Electricity
2. Use of Personal Protective Equipment
3. Disposal of Health Care Wates

ü Disposal of Health Care Wastes

1. Human waste products 3. Needle (sharps)
2. Blood and bloody fluids 4. Medical equipment

ü Proper Handwashing is the best and simplest way to prevent germs from
spreading and to keep your family from getting sick.

ü Put a Stop to Ergonomic Hazard

1. Avoid twisting the body.
2. Bend knees if it is needed.
3. Avoid too much stretching when reaching for something.
4. Use a ladder when reaching for hard-to-reach materials or objects.
5. Ask for help from someone if the task cannot be done by one person.

Let Us Assess
Very good! Indeed, you have studied your lesson. You are now ready again for another
round of activity to assess your knowledge and understanding.

Directions: Read the following question carefully and write the letter of your choice
on your answer sheet.
1. It is anything that may cause harm to an individual.
a. Risk c. Physical hazards
b. Physical risks d. Ergonomic hazards

2. The most common hazard occurrences in workplaces.

a. Risk c. Physical hazards
b. Physical risk d. Ergonomic hazards

8
 3. What type of hazards comes from working with animals, people, or infectious
materials?
a.
b. Physical hazards d. Chemical hazards
c. Biological hazards e. Risk in workplace

4. It is the simplest way to prevent germs _

a. Proper handwashing d. Personal Protective
b. Proper disposal of wastes Equipment
c. Disposal of health wastes

5. It refers to repetitive and forceful movements of a caregiver that endanger

his/her health.
a. Physical hazards c. Ergonomic hazards
b. Chemical hazards d. Psychological hazards

Let Us Enhance

Wow! You are doing great! Today, this activity will surely enhance your skill in
Caregiving. Let’s start!

Directions: This task is very timely because all of us are experiencing COVID 19.
Show your skill particularly in hand hygiene. You will demonstrate the proper way
of handwashing. Remember to follow the steps correctly. Let your parent or guardian
take a picture of you while you are demonstrating the proper steps of washing your
hands. Used a long bond paper to paste your pictures. You will be rated according
to the following criteria.
Scoring Rubric
ACCURACY (100%) SCORING CRITERIA
Demonstrated all the steps correctly 10
Failed to perform 4 steps, but demonstrated the rest
correctly 9
Failed to perform 3 steps, but demonstrated the rest
correctly 7
Failed to perform 2 steps, but demonstrated the rest
correctly 5
Failed to perform 1 step, but demonstrated the rest
correctly 3
Failed to perform any of the steps in hand washing
correctly 1

9
 Let Us Reflect
You are now at the end of this module and you need to reflect on the relevant
information and concepts gained by applying your knowledge and skills to a real-life
situation. Finish the statements below on your answer sheet.

1. After going through the activities, I learned that hazards and risks are,

_________________________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________________

2. I realized that evaluating and controlling hazards and risks are important because

_________________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________

10
 11
Let Us Asses
Let us Practice More
1. True 1. B
2. False 2. A
3. False 3. B
4. True 4. B
5. True 5. A
B.
Answers may Let Us Enhance
vary
Answers may vary
Let us Practice Let us Try
1. False
1. Ergonomic 2. True
2. Chemical 3. True
3. Biological 4. True
5. False
Answer Key
 References

K to 12 Basic Education Curriculum Technology and Livelihood Education Learning

Modules
Caregiving Exploratory Course 7/8, accessed from -
https://docs.google.com/viewer?a=v&pid=sites&srcid=ZGVmYXVsdGRvbWFpbnx0
bGVzb2xzMjAxM3xneDoyYzA2OWI4NzY2NjgwYzQ

https://www.shutterstock.com/search/slip+fall+injury?image_type=illustrat
ion&page=2
http://clipart-library.com/dripping-blood-clipart.htm

https://www.gettyimages.com/photos/nurse-lifting-
patient?phrase=nurse%20lifting%patient&sort=
mostpopular

https://www.pixtastock.com/illustration/65073838

https://riskandinsurance.com/fighting-violence-in-health-care-settings/

https://www.shutterstock.com/image-vector/character-construction-working-
hold-flag-safety-644757181

https://www.pinterest.ph/pin/635640934892160085/

https://www.hex-group.eu/test-du-masque-a-usage-medical-et-ou-chirurgical/

https://www.justdial.com/AST-WORKS-100PCS-Disposable-Gloves-Powder-Free-
Nitrile-L-for-Factory-Hospital-Home/pid-152614639?searc

12
For inquiries or feedback, please write or call:

Department of Education – Davao City Division

Elpidio Quirino Ave., Poblacion District, Davao City, 8000

Davao del Sur

Telefax: (082) 224-3274, (082) 222-1672

E-mail Address: davao.city@deped.gov.ph