1.

Explain with a Punnett square the sex determination in humans when a sperm carrying X or Y
chromosome fuses with a female egg with X chromosome.

2. Give the exact location of the following structures:

i) Genes
ii) Chromosome
iii) Centromere

3. Given below are set of five terms. In each case arrange and rewrite each set so as to be in a
logical sequence.
i) metaphase, anaphase, telophase, prophase, cytokinesis
ii) recessive gene, X-chromosomes, heredity, disorder, Hemophilia

4. Write any two hereditary diseases.

What is the phenotypic ratio for the F2 generation?

5. Give one difference between each of the following pairs on the basis of:
(i) Homozygous and Heterozygous (definition)
(ii) Character and Trait (function)

6. Choose the correct option:

i) Crossing over occurs in-
(a)mitosis (b) RBC (c) Meiosis (d) lymph

ii) Heterozygous has dissimilar-

(a) alleles (b) genes (c) chromosome number (d) chromosomes

iii) The primary constriction contains-

(a) centromere (b) centriole (c) chromatid (d) telomere

iv) Father of genetics is/ Who discovered the basic principles of genetics?-
(a) Darwin (b) Pasteur (c) Lamarck (d) Mendel

7. Briefly explain the following:

i) Mitosis
ii) Meiosis
iii) Cell Cycle
iv) Law of Dominance
v) Genetic engineering
vi) Genetic counseling.

8. Give biological terms for the following:

i) The hereditary unit of a species.
ii) The process of division of nucleus.
iii) The set of genes present in the cell of an organism.
iv) The point of crossing over of a chromosome.
v) The stage during which the sister chromosomes separate from their paired position.
vi) The repeating components of each DNA strand lengthwise.
vii) The type of cell division which is responsible for vegetative growth.
viii) The type of cytokinesis during which the cell plate start at the centre and moves towards the wall.
ix) A complete set of chromosomes.

9. Give reasons why: twins may or may not be identical.

10. Identify the odd term in each set and name the category to which the remaining three belong:

Telophase, Leutal phase, Interphase, Prophase

11. Both parents have heterozygous black fur (Bb). Answer the following questions:
(i) Draw a Punnett square for the offsprings.
(ii) What will be the genotype and phenotype of the offsprings?
(iii) Differentiate between character and trait.
(iv) What is sickle cell anaemia?
(v) Why did Mendel select garden pea plant for his experiments?

12. Round and yellow seeds (RRYY) are crossed with green wrinkled seeds (rryy). Answer the
following questions:
(i) Mention the phenotype and genotype of the F1 generation of the offsprings.
(ii) If the offsprings of the F1 generation are crossed, what will be the phenotypic and genotypic ratio of
the F2 generation.
(iii) List one application of Mendel’s law.
(iv) What is a recessive allele?
(v) What is the 23rd chromosome pair in humans called?

13. Garden pea plant with terminal flowers (aa) is crossed with axillary flowers (AA) of the pea
plant. Answer the following questions:
(i) Make a Punnett square for the offsprings.
(ii) Mention the phenotype and the genotype of the F1vgeneration of offsprings.
(iii) What type of ratio is above called?
(iv) How are radioactive radiations harmful?
(v) What is meant by mutation?

14. Garden pea plant having axial flowers and round seeds (AARR) is crossed with pea plant with
terminal flowers and wrinkled seeds (aarr). Answer the following questions:
(i) Make a Punnett square of the offsprings.
(ii) What is the phenotypic and genotypic ratios of the offsprings.
(iii) What law did Mendel establish by the above experiment?
(iv) What is genetics?
(v) What is meant by monohybrid ratio and dihybrid ratio?

15. Given below is that of a certain stage of mitotic cell division:

(i) Name the stage.

(ii) Label the parts numbered 1 to 4.
(iii) Which part initiates the cell division?
(iv) How many chromosomes are present in the cell?
(v) What is mitosis?

16. The diagram given below represents a certain stage of a cell.

(i) Is it an animal cell or plant cell? Give one reason to support your answer.
(ii) Label the parts numbered 1-3.
(iii) Which stage of mitosis is represented in this diagram?
(iv) Name the stage that comes prior to this stage and that comes next to it.

17. The figure shows sex determination in humans. On the basis of the figure, answer the following
questions:
(i) What are the right substitutes for numbers 1 to 6?
(ii) What is the sex individual represented by the numbers 3,4,5 and 6?
(iii) Who is responsible for the sex of the offspring? Why?
(iv) Explain why the male child generally suffers from colour blindness.
(v) Write one use of genetic engineering.

18. A black rabbit with heterozygous pair of Bb and a white rabbit with Ww are crossed. Answer
the following questions:
(i) Make a Punnett square for the offsprings.
(ii) Mention the phenotype and genotype of the F1 generation offsprings.
(iii) Explain whether the coat colour is sex-linked.
(iv) List any two phenotype that can be observed In the offsprings.
(v) What is genome?

19. Given below are four diagrams which indicate four stages of a cell division in a living cell.

(i) Name the type of cell division.

(ii) Define the type of cell division.
(iii) State the significance of the above cell division.
(iv) Where does the above cell division takes place?
(v) Is it a plant cell or an animal cell?
20. A heterozygous black male rat crossbreeds with a female with same heterozygous pair of Bb.
Answer the following questions:
(i) Make the Punnett square for the offsprings.
(ii) Write the phenotype and genotype of the offsprings.
(iii) If the male had BB homologous pair, how will it change the phenotype of the offspring?
(iv) Explain the term allele.
(v) Write one use of Mendel’s law.