TSM0505G - 11 - P - 1 Smell

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This standard and information contained herein shall not be used for any purpose other than preparation of the price quotations.
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PROTECTED Do Not Reproduce
TOYOTA ENGINEERING STANDARD
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NO.: TSM0505G
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TITLE: Smell quality of non-metallic materials
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CLASS: C1
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Established/Revised: Rev. 11 ( Feb. 2019 )
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This standard has been revised as a result of the following changes:

(1) classes for vehicles destined for China have been added (Section 3);
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(2) criteria for vehicles destined for China has been added (Section 4);
(3) method B has been added to the selection of panelists (Section 7.1) and smell-level perception
sharing (Section 7.2) for the purpose of improving accuracy of the sensory evaluation; and
(4) method C has been added to the selection of panelists (Section 7.1) and smell-level perception
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sharing (Section 7.2) in order to address evaluation of parts for vehicles destined for China.
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Prepared and Written by: Design Quality Innovation Dept.

Organic Material Dept. TOYOTA MOTOR CORPORATION
Material Engineering Div. No.1
Copyright Ⓒ TOYOTA MOTOR CORPORATION
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CLASS
TOYOTA ENGINEERING STANDARD TSM0505G C1
Smell quality of non-metallic materials
1. Introduction
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Pay careful attention to panelists’ state of health when conducting the smell test.
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2. Scope
This standard covers the smell quality of non-metallic materials that are used for automobile
compartment and parts associated with the compartment. Applicable parts shall be interior design
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parts (instrument panels, trims), sunshade trims, seat design parts (seats) and dash silencers. Note
that airbag modules, seatbelts and caution stickers are excluded from the applicable parts.
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3. Classification
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Non-metallic materials shall be classified as Table 1 according to the influence on each smell(1).
Note (1): The influence on each smell shall be determined among the parties (design, evaluation)
concerned.
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Table 1
Class Class code Influence on smell Destination of vehicle
1A TSM0505G-1A Influence on cabin smell Other than China
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2A TSM0505G-2A Influence on cabin and air conditioner smell Other than China
Influence on cabin smell and large influence on air
2B TSM0505G-2B Other than China
conditioner smell
3A TSM0505G-3A Influence on cabin smell China
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4A TSM0505G-4A Influence on cabin and air conditioner smell China

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4. Quality
The quality of smell shall be tested in accordance with Section 9, and the result shall be summarized
according to Section 10 and satisfy Table 2. For application of new and existing materials to new
portions, however, discuss test items and quality between the parties concerned (design and
evaluation) and add notes to drawings as necessary.
NOTES: The recipient of this standard shall undertake the following confidentiality obligations upon the receipt of this standard.
- The recipient shall discard by shredding or fire, or return to Toyota Motor Corporation if appropriate, the documents contained in this standard when they Rev. 11
are no longer necessary due to the termination of the work concerned or the revision of current version of this standard,
- This standard and the technical information related thereto are owned by and under sole control of Toyota Motor Corporation. They shall not be disclosed
in whole nor in part to ant third party without prior written consent of Toyota Motor Corporation.
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TOYOTA ENGINEERING STANDARD TSM0505G
Table 2
Quality
Item
1A 2A 2B 3A 4A
Material shall not contain the following:
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(1) Solvent type non-drying sealer(2)
(2) Substrate containing phenol binder(3)
(3) Backing resin containing melamine resin(4)
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(4) Substrate of wood containing phenol binder(5)
(5) Plywood, light-weight plywood(6)
Material composition (6) Adhesive containing methyl isobutyl ketone(7)
(7) Red sulphur fire retardant(8)
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(8) Sisal hemp(9)
(9) Felt containing phenol binder(10)
(10) Kenaf materials must not be used to deck boards and
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luggage mats, except for those covered with waterproof
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Intensity 3 max.
Pleasantness/
-1.5 min.
unpleasantness
Dry condition Nature of Stimulating
1 max.
(Initial) smell Fishy
(After aging) 2max.(11)
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Nature of Solvent smell ---

smell Amine smell --- 2max.(12)
hated in Bitter --- 2 max.(13)
China
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Sour --- 2 max.(14)

Intensity 3.5 max.
Single Pleasantness/
-2.0 min.
part only unpleasantness
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Wet Nature of Stimulating

condition 1 max.
smell Fishy
(Initial)
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Nature of Solvent smell --- 2 max.(11)

(After aging)
Smell smell Amine smell --- 2 max.(12)
test hated in Bitter --- 2 max.(13)
China Sour --- 2 max.(14)
Intensity 3 max. 2 max. 3 max.
Water Pleasantness/
-1.5 min. -1 min. -1.5 min.
extracting unpleasantness --- ---
condition Nature of Stimulating
1 max. 1 max.
smell Fishy
Intensity 3 max.
Pleasantness/
-1.5 min.
unpleasantness
Dry condition Nature of Stimulating
Indirect 1 max.
(Initial) smell Fishy
material
(After aging)
Nature of Solvent smell --- 2 max.(11)
smell Amine smell --- 2 max.(12)
hated in Bitter --- 2 max.(13)
China Sour --- 2 max.(14)
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Notes:
(2) It is contained in opening trim, back door weather strip, quarter window weather strip, etc.
(3) It is contained in molded headlining, sunshade trim, etc.
(4) It is contained in seat fabric, etc.
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(5) It is contained in door trim, package tray, quarter trim, seat back board, etc.
(6) It is contained in deck board, etc.
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(7) It is contained in cemedine G284 blue, cemedine G284 blue-1.
(8) It is contained in fire retardant for interior parts, etc.
(9) It is contained in molded headlining, etc.
(10) It is contained in acoustic felt, etc.
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(11) It shall not exceeding “concentration equivalent to smell intensity 2 as well as
pleasant/unpleasant level -1” of standard smell H shown in Table 8.
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pleasant/unpleasant level -1” of standard smell I shown in Table 8.
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pleasant/unpleasant level -1” of standard smell J shown in Table 8.
pleasant/unpleasant level -1” of standard smell K shown in Table 8.
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5. General Test Conditions

5.1 Test Environment
As a rule, tests shall be conducted in a laboratory at a temperature of 23 2 (hereinafter referred
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to as room temperature) and relative humidity of 50 5 %. If this test environment can not be held for
some inevitable reasons, inform the actual test environment.
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5.2 Test Containers
The specifications of test containers are shown in Table 3. In principle, use an approximately 5-L
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bag for single part tests and indirect material tests. If expansion of the bag by the evaporation of
water contained in the parts is predicted, use a bag(s) with appropriate capacity. In addition, if it is
difficult to prepare such a bag(s), however, any other bags may be used instead. Typical containers
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are shown in Fig. 1.
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Table 3 Specifications of Containers
Type Bag Can Bottle
Material PET (lid: silicon rubber) Steel/stainless steel Glass
Container/ 1 to 20 L (The inside diameter of the opening is minimum
1 to 50 L
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dimension 70 mm)
PET bag (DS type)
Manufacturer/ manufactured by OMI MINEZAWAKOKI Co.,
---
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grade (ex.) ODOR-AIR SERVICE Ltd./AS ONE Corporation

Corporation
(1) Rinse the can and bottle with liquid detergent without
containing fragrant materials.
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(2) Rinse the can and bottle with water(15) well and wipe off
water.
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(3) Rinse with acetone.

Washing Confirm that there is no
(4) Leave the can and bottle indoor until no odor remains.
procedure odor of the bag itself.
Let it dry at 110 for 30 min in a thermostatic
chamber.
(5) Rinse the lid as well.
(6) Check that there is no odor remaining and the lid is
tightly secured.
Note (15): Tap water serves sufficiently enough.
Fig. 1 Typical Containers for Smell Test (Unit: mm)
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6. Test Types
Test types shall be as shown in Table 4.
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Table 4 Test Types
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Test parts Test type Test method
Initial smell
Dry Section 9.1
Smell after aging
Single part
Initial smell
Wet Section 9.2
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Smell after aging
Initial smell
Indirect materials(16) Dry Section 9.4
Smell after aging
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Note (16): Indirect materials here shall be materials such as interior painting, sealer, in-process
6@ 1/1 adhesive and so on that are used in the vehicle manufacturing process ( W, T, and
A).
7. Test Preparations
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7.1 Selection of Panelists

Using methods shown in Table 5, select persons who answered all the standard smells correctly as
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panelists.
Panelists shall be capable of remaining calm during the test. On detection of any abnormality, they
shall be able to conduct the initial response actions of “stop, call, and wait.” As a rule, panelists are
valid for 5 years and new panelists shall be selected after the elapse of five years (or 3 years for those
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aged 40 or more). Panelists shall be selected as follows.

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Table 5
Test Class Requirements for selection of panelists
1A, 2A, 2B Persons who answered all the standard smells of methods A and B correctly
3A, 4A Persons who answered all the standard smells of methods A, B and C correctly
7.1.1 Method A
Select panelists by the following method, using 5 types of standard smells(17) shown in Table 6.
Note (17): The standard smells used for selecting panelists: ex. sold by Daiichi Yakuhin Sangyo Ltd.,
etc. The standard smells and contrast solutions with a valid expiration date shall be used.
(1) Assign one tester for each panelist.
(2) A tester shall select two smelling papers at random out of the five smelling papers(18) numbered 1
through 5, and dip them by approximately 1 cm from the tip of each paper into the standard smell
A. Dip remaining three papers in the contrast solution(19) likewise.
Notes:
(18) No-smell, 0.7 cm-wide and 15 cm-long filter papers.
(19) No-smell liquid paraffin
(3) Hand out the five smelling papers specified in (2) to the panelists and let them smell the papers.
The panelists shall smell each paper one by one to check if any smell is noticed. Upon
checking, let them hold each smelling paper close to their nose but not too close to touch it.
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(4) After smelling the five papers, the panelists shall enter the two numbers whose papers they
thought had smells on the answer sheet. If the panelist fails to notice the smell by one time
smelling, let them smell it again.
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(5) Repeat the test for the standard smell B, C, D, and E likewise.
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Table 6 Standard Smells (5 Types)
No. Name Structural formula Concentration (mass%)
A -phenylethyl alcohol 10-4.0
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B Methylcyclopentenolone 10-4.5
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C
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D -undecalacton 10-4.5
E Skatole 10-5.0
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7.1.2 Method B
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(1) Assign 1 tester for each panelist.

(2) The tester shall randomly dip the smelling papers(18) numbered 1 through 3 by approximately
1 cm from the tip into the reagent of the standard smell F with different intensity. One paper
shall be dipped to a reagent equivalent to intensity 1 and another one to a reagent equivalent to
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intensity 2 and the last one to a reagent equivalent to intensity 0.

(3) Hand out the 3 smelling papers specified in (2) to the panelists and let them smell the papers.
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When smelling the papers, pay attention to the order of smelling to prevent the panelists from
getting an olfactory fatigue. (Do not smell the paper of intensity 2 first)
(4) The panelists shall smell each paper one by one and answer the intensity of the smell. Upon
checking, let them hold each smelling paper close to their nose but not too close that their nose
touches the paper.
(5) After smelling the 3 papers, the panelists shall enter the intensity of each smelling paper on the
answer sheet. If the panelist fails to notice the smell by one time smelling, let them smell it
again.
(6) Repeat the test for the standard smell G in the same manner.
Table 7 Standard Smells (2 Types)

Concentration Concentration
Equivalent to intensity
equivalent to intensity equivalent to intensity
Component 0 as well as
No. Solvent 1 as well as 2 as well as
name pleasant/unpleasant
pleasant/unpleasant pleasant/unpleasant
level 0 (vol ppm)
level -0.5 (vol ppm) level -1 (vol ppm)
F Isobutyl acetate Liquid paraffin 300 ppm 1000 ppm Undiluted solution of
G Octanal Liquid paraffin 20 ppm 150 ppm liquid paraffin
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Note (20): Use the following reagents mentioned in Table 7 for the selection of panelists. However,
if it is difficult to obtain the following reagents, alternative product with the same quality
may be used after a discussion is held among the parties concerned (evaluation
responsible departments and TMC material engineering departments). Preserve smell
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reagents at cold and dark place. Smell reagents are valid for 6 months after production
(concentration adjustment) of them. When using reagents, be sure to use them after
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bringing back to room temperature. Also, for the concentration adjustment of reagents,
conduct in a laboratory at room temperature (23 2 and relative humidity of 50 5 %).
(a) Isobutyl acetate (manufactured by Nacalai tesque/product code 06025-65/CAS:110-19-0)
(b) Octanal (manufactured by Nacalai tesque/product code 25533-02/CAS:124-13-0)
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(c) Liquid paraffin (manufactured by Nacalai tesque/product code 26114-75/CAS:8012-95-1)
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7.1.3 Method C
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(1) Assign 1 tester for each panelist.
(2) The tester shall randomly dip the smelling papers(18) numbered 1 through 3 by approximately
1 cm from the tip into the reagent of the standard smell H with different intensity. One paper
shall be dipped to a reagent equivalent to intensity 1 and another one to a reagent equivalent to
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intensity 2 and the last one to a reagent equivalent to intensity 0.

(3) Hand out the 3 smelling papers specified in (2) to the panelists and let them smell the papers.
When smelling the papers, pay attention to the order of smelling to prevent the panelists from
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getting an olfactory fatigue. (Do not smell the paper of intensity 2 first.)
(4) The panelists shall smell each paper one by one and answer the intensity of the smell. Upon
checking, let them hold each smelling paper close to their nose but not too close that their nose
touches the paper.
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(5) After smelling the 3 papers, the panelists shall enter the intensity of each smelling paper on the
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answer sheet. If the panelist fails to notice the smell by one time smelling, let them smell it again.
(6) Repeat the test for the standard smells I, J and K in the same manner.
Table 8
Concentration Concentration
Equivalent to
equivalent to intensity equivalent to intensity
intensity 0 as well as
No. Component name Solvent 1 as well as 2 as well as
pleasant/unpleasant
pleasant/unpleasant pleasant/unpleasant
level 0
level -0.5 (vol/vol) level -1 (vol/vol)
H Acetone Propylene glycol 2 ％ 5 ％
I Triethylenediamine Propylene glycol 10 ％ 18 ％ Undiluted solution of
J 1-Heptene Liquid paraffin 1000 ppm 2000 ppm liquid paraffin
K Pentanal Liquid paraffin 25 ppm 150 ppm
Note (21): Use the following reagents mentioned in Table 8 for the selection of panelists. However,
if it is difficult to obtain the following reagents, alternative product with the same quality
may be used after a discussion is held among the parties concerned (evaluation
responsible departments and TMC material engineering departments). Preserve smell
reagents at cold and dark place. Smell reagents are valid for 6 months after production
(concentration adjustment) of them. When using reagents, be sure to use them after
bringing back to room temperature. Also, for the concentration adjustment of reagents,
conduct in a laboratory at room temperature (23 2 and relative humidity of 50 5 %).
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Acetone (Nacalai tesque/product code: 00315-95/CAS:67-64-1)

Triethylenediamine (DABC033-LV) (MERCK/product code: 290734-100ML/CAS:280-57-9)
1-Heptene (MERCK/product code: 8.20622.0025/CAS:592-76-7)
Pentanal (Tokyo Chemical Industry/product code: V0001/CAS:110-62-3)
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Liquid paraffin (Nacalai tesque/product code: 26114-75/CAS:8012-95-1)
Propylene glycol (FUJIFILM Wako Pure Chemical/product code: 164-04996/CAS:57-55-6)
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7.2 Smell-Level Perception Sharing
Before the part smelling test, smell-leveling perception sharing shown in Table 9 shall be performed
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by all panelists.
All panelists shall not be allowed to smoke, eat or drink strong-smelling food or beverage (such as
chewing gum, candy and coffee) before the smell-level perception sharing. (Avoid the consumption
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of odorous items 1 h before evaluation as a guide.) Also, ensure strictly that the panelists do not put
on perfume, hairdressing product or other scented products.
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Table 9
Test Class Methods for smell-leveling perception sharing
1A, 2A, 2B Perform smell-leveling perception sharing of methods A and B.
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3A, 4A Perform smell-leveling perception sharing of methods A, b and C.

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7.2.1 Method A
Dip a smelling paper by approximately 1 cm from the tip into the standard smell C shown in Table 6,
and let the panelists smell it. Deem the level of smell intensity of C as 3 (easily recognized smell)
and the pleasant/unpleasant level as -2 (unpleasant). For improving accuracy of the evaluation,
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another smell levels may be added by letting the panelists smell the standard smell C with a
concentration of 10-5.5 and 10-6, respectively, and deem the former as smell intensity 2.3 and
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pleasant/unpleasant level -1.5, and the latter as smell intensity 1.5 and pleasant/unpleasant level -1.
7.2.2 Method B
For improving accuracy of the evaluation. Use standard smells F and G (equivalent to intensity 2 as
well as pleasant/unpleasant level -1) shown in Table 7. Dip a smelling paper by approximately 1 cm
from the tip into the standard smell F and let the panelists smell it. Deem the level of smell intensity
of F as 2 (weak smell that can be easily recognized) and the pleasant/unpleasant level as -1 (rather
unpleasant). Smelling of the standard smell G shall be conducted in the same manner. When
conducting the part smelling test, if it is difficult for the panelists to make judgments on intensity and
the pleasant/unpleasant level, it is permitted to let them smell the standard smell of intensity 1 to 2 in
Table 7 again.
7.2.3 Method C
For improving accuracy of the evaluation. Use standard smells H, I, J and K (equivalent to intensity 2
as well as pleasant/unpleasant level -1) shown in Table 8. Dip a smelling paper by approximately 1
cm from the tip into the standard smell H and let the panelists smell it. Deem the level of smell
intensity of H as 2 (weak smell that can be easily recognized) and the pleasant/unpleasant level as -1
(rather unpleasant). When conducting the part smelling test, if it is difficult for the panelists to make
judgments on intensity and the pleasant/unpleasant level, it is permitted to let them smell the standard
smell of intensity 1 to 2 in Table 7 again. Smelling of the standard smells I, J and K shall be
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conducted in the same manner.
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8. Sampling Test Piece

The tests in this standard are those for evaluating the smell quality of the parts mounted to a finished
vehicle and these materials. Therefore, do not evaluate the smell quality of workpieces or raw
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materials in accordance with this standard.
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8.1 Parts
A test piece shall be taken from parts that were manufactured within the past two weeks and be
instantly used for tests. If it is absolutely inevitable to use a part that was manufactured more than
two weeks earlier, report the number of days between the part manufacturing date and the test piece
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sampling date together with the test results. Manufactured parts shall preferably be stored in normal
state (23 2 , relative humidity 50 5 %). When a manufacturing site and testing site are far apart,
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the test piece shall be sealed in a bag which rarely leaks gases (made of polyvinyl fluoride, for
example) and be transported. Dimensions of the test piece shall be in accordance with the
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standards on respective part and material, or drawing. If dimension is not specified, calculate by the
equation (1) or using standard dimensions (when using 4-L container) as shown in Table 10. If the
calculation result is less than 1 cm2, test piece dimension shall be 1 cm2.
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where,
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A1: surface area of test piece (cm2)

A0: surface area of part (cm2)
T1: capacity of testing container (L)(22)
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T0: capacity of vehicle compartment(23) (L); 3000 L as standard

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Notes:
(22) Nitrogen filled amount (L) in the case of bags.
(23) Capacity of vehicle compartment is also used for calculating the dimension of a part in a luggage
space.
Table 10 Standard Dimensions of Test Piece (When Using 4-L Container) (Unit: cm)
Portion Dimensions (longitudinal lateral thickness)
Instrument panel 3 3 product thickness
Roof head lining 4 7 product thickness
Seat surface cover 10 10 product thickness
Seat pad 10 10 2
Door trim 4 7 product thickness
Floor carpet 10 10 product thickness
Package tray trim 3 3 product thickness
Dash silencer 4 4 product thickness
Room partition silencer 4 4 product thickness
Luggage mat 2 3.5 product thickness
8.2 Indirect Materials

A test piece taken from indirect materials shall be pretreated as necessary.
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8.2.1 Pretreatment
Pretreatment shall be conducted under the same condition as the actual processing history. For
example, if the material is subjected to a heat history in the coating process as in the case of body
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sealer, the test piece shall be heated under the conditions (140 for 30 min 2 sets for example)
equivalent to that heat history, and then used for smell tests. If the history for the same material
differs according to the portion to which the material is used, vehicle model, plant, and the like, the
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material shall be pretreated under the worst conditions in terms of smell(24). Pretreatment shall be
conducted by placing the test piece on a non-smell material (such as aluminum foil) which can
withstand the pretreatment conditions.
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Note (24): Such as lower limit value for processing temperature and processing time.
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8.2.2 Amount of Test Piece
The amount of test piece shall be in accordance with the standards on respective part and material, or
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drawing. If the amount is not specified, calculate it by the equation (2). If the calculation result is
less than 1 g, the amount of test piece shall be 1 g. However, the amount of paint material shall be
calculated in accordance with the method as specified in Section 8.1 (calculation of surface area).
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where,
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B1: amount of test piece (g)

B0: amount used in vehicle compartment (g)
T1: capacity of testing container (L)(22)
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T0: capacity of vehicle compartment (L)(23); 3000 L as standard

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9. Smell Test
9.1 Smell Test for Single Part under Dry Condition
9.1.1 Initial Smell
Tests for initial smell shall be conducted by the following steps.
(1) Preparation
(a) When bags are used as container
(i) Cut one end of the bag specified in Section 5.2 such that the test piece specified in Section
8.1 can be put through it. Take care not to cut off too much for the test piece size.
(ii) Put the test piece specified in Section 8.1 in the bag.
(iii) Press-fit the cut edge by heat sealer [otherwise refer to Section 7.1 (6)(a), TSM0508G].
(iv) Fill the bag with a required amount of nitrogen gasses. A filled amount may be smaller
than a bag capacity (for instance, 4-L nitrogen in a 5-L bag is acceptable).
(v) Seal the bag.
(b) When containers other than bags (ex. cans) are used
(i) Put the test piece specified in Section 8.1 in the container specified in Section 5.2.
(ii) Put a lid on the container.
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(2) Heating test piece

(a) Place the container specified in (1) in a thermostatic chamber and heat it for 1 h. A heating
temperature shall be in accordance with the standards of respective part and material, or
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drawing. If there is no specification, the temperature shall conform to Fig. 2 or Table 11.
For parts which are not described in Fig. 2 nor Table 11, a heating temperature shall be
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decided through discussion among parties concerned with reference to Table 12.
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Fig. 2 Heating Temperatures

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Table 11 Heating Temperatures (Unit: )

Parts Heating temperature
Instrument panel, package tray, sunshade trim 100 2
Pillar garnish, roof head lining, sun visor, lower instrument panel, seat, door trim, room
80 2
partition silencer, dash silencer
Carpet, luggage compartment trim, door trim carpet, scuff plate 60 2
Table 12 Heating Temperatures (Unit: )

Portion Heating temperature
With direct sunrays 80 2
No direct sunrays 60 2
(b) After heating, take the container out of the thermostatic chamber and cool it until it reaches
room temperature.
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(3) Smell-level perception sharing

Conduct the smell-level perception sharing immediately before smelling as specified in Section
7.2.
(4) Smelling
0 B
When a bag is used, keep the distance between the sleeve of the bag and the panelist's nose to
3 to 4 cm. Lightly press the bag by hand and smell the odor that comes off the bag. It may be
00 20
good to slightly move the bag in the horizontal direction so that the smell from the bag reaches
the panelist nose. When containers such as cans are used, open the cover of the container by
sliding it by 3 to 4 cm and let panelists smell one by one. Then the panelists shall evaluate the
smell by filling the evaluation sheet in Attached Fig. 1 (Fig. 3). Regardless of containers used,
01 9
note that the test piece should be out of the panelist's sight. The number of panelists shall be
five or more.
The number of panelists per container shall be as shown in Table 13. For example, when using
0
a 4-L container, two or more containers and test pieces shall be required per test.
6@ 1/1
64 /1
98 20
Fig. 3 How to Smell Test Piece

0
Table 13 Number of Panelists per Container

Capacity (L) Number of panelists
Z1 2
1 1
2 to 3 2
4 to 10 3
11 to 20 5
(5) Results evaluation

The results shall be evaluated in accordance with Section 10.
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9.1.2 Smell after Aging

Tests for smell after aging shall be conducted by the following steps.
0 B
(1) Pretreatment of test piece
(a) Place the test piece specified in Section 8.1 in a thermostatic chamber(25) and heat at 80 ˚C for
96 h, then cool it to room temperature.
00 20
Note (25): Air replacement; 3 or more times per hour
(b) Use the test piece specified in (a). The procedure shall be the same as that specified in
Section 9.1.1 (1).
01 9
(a) Place the container specified in (1) (b) in the thermostatic chamber and heat it for 1 h. A
heating temperature shall be in accordance with the standards of respective part and material,
0
or drawing. If there is no specification, the temperature shall conform to Fig. 2 or Table 11.
For parts which are not described in Fig. 2 nor Table 11, a heating temperature shall be
6@ 1/1
decided through discussion among parties concerned with reference to Table 12.
room temperature.
(3) Smell level setting
64 /1
The same as specified in Section 9.1.1 (3).

(4) Smelling
98 20

0
9.2 Smell Test for Single Part under Wet Condition

9.2.1 Initial Smell
Z1 2

(a) Apply 5 mass% distilled water over the test piece specified in Section 8.1 as uniformly as
possible.
(b) Use the test piece specified in (a). The procedures are the same as those specified in
Section 9.1.1 (1).
(2) Leaving test piece
Leave the container in the laboratory for 1 h under the normal condition with a temperature of
23 2 and relative humidity of 50 5 %.
(4) Smelling
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0 B
(a) Place the test piece specified in Section 8.1 in a thermostatic chamber(25) and heat it at 80
for 96 h.
00 20
(b) After cooling the test piece specified in (a) to the room temperature, apply 5 mass% distilled
water over the test piece as uniformly as possible.
(c) Use the test piece specified in (b). The procedures are the same as those specified in
01 9
Section 9.1.1 (1).
(2) Leaving test piece
0
6@ 1/1
(4) Smelling
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9.3 Smell Water Extraction Test for Single Part

98 20
9.3.1 Test Outline

(1) Preparation for water extraction
Prepare test equipment and samples
(2) Water extraction
0
Heat the sample, sample component that emits smell

Z1 2
(3) Smell test

Prepare bag, make standard smell, pour sample, smell, summarize results
9.3.2 Preparation of Water Extraction

(1) Preparation of test equipment
Fig. 4 shows the test equipment. Table 14 lists the tools and devices necessary for the test.
Test equipment, tools and devices other than specified may be used if equivalent performance is
guaranteed. However, they must be free from smell, except for reagents.
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0 B
00 20
01 9 0
6@ 1/1 Fig. 4 Test Equipment
Table 14 Equipment, Tools/Devices and Reagents Used for Test (Example)

No. Item Performance (ex. manufacturer, grade) Pretreatment
Stainless can with a lid. The volume shall be 3 to
64 /1
1 Chamber 4 L without considering the sample volume

Wash the sample with
(4-5627-04 manufactured by AS ONE Corporation).
fragrance-free mild
Made of fluorocarbon resin capable of attaching a
98 20
detergent and let it dry

teflon tube with an outside diameter of 8 mm.
2 Joint naturally.
Tube diameter is 8 mm (7-274-02 manufactured by
AS ONE Corporation).
Made of glass. The glass tube for introducing gas Wash the sample with
0
shall be in distilled water when 8 mL of distilled distilled water and

3 Bubbler
For water water is poured (64834-U manufactured by apply ultrasonic
extraction Supelco). cleaning for 90 min.
Z1 2
Usable at a rate of 1 L/min while attached to the

4 Pump test equipment (MP- 100H manufactured by Purging by idling.
Sibata Scientific Technology Ltd.).
Inside diameter 5 mm outside diameter 9 mm
5 Silicon tube
(manufactured by Tigers Polymer Corporation).
Inside diameter 6 mm outside diameter 8 mm
6 Teflon tube New product.
(#9003 manufactured by Nichias Corporation).
Made of PTFE (spread sealing tape manufactured
7 Sealing tape
by GomunoInaki Co., Ltd.).
8 Acetic acid reagent Concentration: 99.7 % min.
9 Nitrogen gas Concentration: 99.999 % min.
Capable of measuring integrated flow rate (DC-1C
10 Gas meter
manufactured by Shinagawa Corporation).
For smell
Made of PET with a sleeve outside diameter of 7 ---
test
11 Bag mm and a maximum volume of approximately 3 L
(Flek-Samplar type F).
Made of silicon rubber capable of blocking sleeve
12 Cap
of the bag.
(2) Preparation of sample

Prepare 15 test pieces when using a 4-L container specified in Section 8.1. When the
calculation result is less than 0.066 cm2, prepare one 1-cm2 test piece or one part. When the
calculation result is from 0.066 cm2 to less than 1 cm2, prepare one test piece having an area 15
times the calculated dimension (cm2).
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9.3.3 Water Extraction

(1) Heating of sample
0 B
(a) Place the sample specified in Section 9.3.2 (2) in the stainless can shown in Fig. 4.
(b) Heat using a thermostatic chamber shown in Fig. 4. Heating temperature shall be as shown
in Fig. 2 or Table 11.
00 20
For portions that are not specified in Fig. 2 nor Table 11, the temperature shall be determined
with reference to Table 12 by the concerned parties. The heating duration shall be 4 h after
the temperature in the thermostatic chamber reached the specified temperature.
01 9
(2) Sampling of component that emits smell
(a) Pour 8 mL of non-smell distilled water in the bubbler shown in Fig. 4 and place the bubbler in
the container with ice in it as shown in Fig. 4.
0
(b) One hour after the temperature in the thermostatic chamber reached the specified
temperature, operate the pump shown in Fig. 4 at a rate of 1 L/min and sample the component
6@ 1/1
that emits smell in the distilled water. Sampling duration shall be 3 h.
(c) Three hours after sampling, stop the pump, remove the bubbler from the test equipment, seal
the opening with a sealing tape, etc., and store until the smell test. The maximum storage
period shall be 24 h after sampling.
64 /1
9.3.4 Smell Test

(1) Preparation of bag
98 20
Prepare a new bag listed in Table 14 for the test. Use 1 bag for at most 2 panelists, which
means 3 bags for 5 panelists.
(2) Preparation of standard smell
Dilute the acetic acid reagent listed in Table 14 with distilled water up to the following
0
concentration and use the solution as standard smell.

When the acetic acid concentration is 0.05 mass%: smell intensity 3,
Z1 2
pleasantness/unpleasantness -1.5
When the acetic acid concentration is 0.005 mass%: smell intensity 2,
pleasantness/unpleasantness -1
(3) Pouring of sample
Use a syringe and drop 2 mL water in the bubbler where the component that emits smell is
sampled into the bag. Fill 2.2 L of N2 gases and block the sleeve using a silicon rubber cap etc.
and leave under room temperature for 6 h. Do the same way for the standard smell too.
(4) Smelling
First, all panelists should smell the standard smell to have shared perception on smell levels.
Smell the sample and evaluate according to the evaluation sheet shown in Attached Fig. 1. The
number of panelists shall be 5 or more. When smelling, keep the distance between the sleeve
of the bag and the panelist's nose to 3 to 4 cm. Lightly press the bag by hand and smell the
odor that comes off the bag. It may be good to slightly move the bag in the horizontal direction
so that the smell from the bag reaches the panelist nose.
(5) Summary of results
Summarize the results as specified in Section 10.
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9.4 Smell Test for Indirect Materials under Dry Condition

9.4.1 Initial Smell
0 B
00 20
(a) Place the test piece specified in Section 8.2 in the container specified in Section 5.2, and
cover the container with a lid. The procedures are the same as those specified in Section
9.1.1 (1).
(b) Place the container specified in (a) in a thermostatic chamber and heat it for 1 h. A heating
01 9
temperature shall be in accordance with the standards of respective part and material, or
drawing. If there is no specification, the temperature shall conform to Fig. 2.
0
For parts which are not described in Fig. 2, a heating temperature shall be decided through
discussion among parties concerned with reference to Table 12.
6@ 1/1
(c) After heating, take the container out of the thermostatic chamber and cool it until it reaches
room temperature.
(3) Smelling
64 /1

98 20

0

(a) Place the test piece specified in Section 8.2 in a thermostatic chamber(25) and heat at 80
Z1 2
for 96 h, then cool it to room temperature.

(b) Use the test piece specified in (a). The procedure shall be the same as that specified in
Section 9.1.1 (1).
(a) Place the container specified in (1) (b) in the thermostatic chamber and heat it for 1 h. A
heating temperature shall be in accordance with the standards of respective part and material,
or drawing. If there is no specification, the temperature shall conform to Fig. 2.
For parts which are not described in Fig. 2, a heating temperature shall be decided through
discussion among parties concerned with reference to Table 12.
room temperature.
(4) Smelling
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10. Results Evaluation

Intensity, pleasantness/unpleasantness, and sensory nature of smell shall be evaluated by filling in
0 B
the evaluation sheet shown in Attached Fig. 1. Bodily sensation and material smell shall be
evaluated as necessary. The smell intensity and pleasantness/unpleasantness level shall be
evaluated in 0.5 units. Use Attached Fig. 2 for evaluating results and the results shall be expressed
00 20
as the mean value of the panelists engaged in the evaluation. (The mean value shall be calculated
to one decimal place by round-off.) Calculate the nature of smell assuming that is 3, is 2, and
is 1, and express the result by the mean value of panelists.
01 9
For smells hated in China, use standard smells equivalent to intensity 2 as well as
pleasant/unpleasant level -1 shown in Table 8 as the standard. Calculate assuming that “Stronger
than standard smell” is 3, “Same as standard smell” is 2, “Weaker than standard smell” is 1, and “No
0
smell” is 0, and express the result by the mean value of panelists engaged in the evaluation.
6@ 1/1
Applicable Standard
TSM0508G Volatile component measurement method using sampling bag
64 /1
98 20
0
Z1 2
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Attached Fig. 1 Smell Sensory Evaluation Sheet
0 B
00 20
01 9 0
6@ 1/1
64 /1
98 20
0
Z1 2
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Attached Fig. 1 (Continued) (For water extraction test)
0 B
00 20
01 9 0
6@ 1/1
64 /1
98 20
0
Z1 2
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Attached Fig. 1 (Continued) Smell Sensory Evaluation Sheet (For Vehicles Destined for China)
0 B
00 20
01 9 0
6@ 1/1
64 /1
98 20
0
Z1 2
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Remark:
0 B
Sensory nature of smell Example
Sour smell Vinegary smell, citrus smell
Sweet smell Standard smell D, vanilla extract smell
00 20
Burned smell Smell of burned paper or wood
Dusty smell Smell of dust or powder in the air
Irritating smell Thinner, formaldehyde, and ammonia smell
Aromatic smell Naphthalene and thinner smell
01 9
Fishy smell Smoked squid and (unfresh) fishy smell
Rotten smell Garbage smell
0
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64 /1
98 20
0
Z1 2
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Attached Fig. 2 Smell Test Results
0 B
00 20
01 9 0
6@ 1/1
64 /1
98 20
0
Z1 2
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Attached Fig. 2 (Continued) Smell Test Results (For Vehicles Destined for China)
0 B
00 20
01 9 0
6@ 1/1
64 /1
98 20
0
Z1 2
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TSM0505G - 11 - P - 1 Smell

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TSM0505G - 11 - P - 1 Smell

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PROTECTED Do Not Reproduce

TOYOTA ENGINEERING STANDARD

This standard has been revised as a result of the following changes:

Prepared and Written by: Design Quality Innovation Dept.

Copyright Ⓒ TOYOTA MOTOR CORPORATION

4A TSM0505G-4A Influence on cabin and air conditioner smell China

TOYOTA ENGINEERING STANDARD TSM0505G

Nature of Solvent smell ---

Sour --- 2 max.(14)

Wet Nature of Stimulating

Nature of Solvent smell --- 2 max.(11)

TOYOTA ENGINEERING STANDARD TSM0505G

TOYOTA ENGINEERING STANDARD TSM0505G

5. General Test Conditions

grade (ex.) ODOR-AIR SERVICE Ltd./AS ONE Corporation

(3) Rinse with acetone.

Note (15): Tap water serves sufficiently enough.

Fig. 1 Typical Containers for Smell Test (Unit: mm)

TOYOTA ENGINEERING STANDARD TSM0505G

7.1 Selection of Panelists

aged 40 or more). Panelists shall be selected as follows.

TOYOTA ENGINEERING STANDARD TSM0505G

(1) Assign 1 tester for each panelist.

intensity 2 and the last one to a reagent equivalent to intensity 0.

Table 7 Standard Smells (2 Types)

TOYOTA ENGINEERING STANDARD TSM0505G

intensity 2 and the last one to a reagent equivalent to intensity 0.

TOYOTA ENGINEERING STANDARD TSM0505G

Acetone (Nacalai tesque/product code: 00315-95/CAS:67-64-1)

3A, 4A Perform smell-leveling perception sharing of methods A, b and C.

TOYOTA ENGINEERING STANDARD TSM0505G

conducted in the same manner.

TOYOTA ENGINEERING STANDARD TSM0505G

8. Sampling Test Piece

A1: surface area of test piece (cm2)

T0: capacity of vehicle compartment(23) (L); 3000 L as standard

8.2 Indirect Materials

TOYOTA ENGINEERING STANDARD TSM0505G

B1: amount of test piece (g)

T0: capacity of vehicle compartment (L)(23); 3000 L as standard

TOYOTA ENGINEERING STANDARD TSM0505G

(2) Heating test piece

Fig. 2 Heating Temperatures

Table 11 Heating Temperatures (Unit: )

Table 12 Heating Temperatures (Unit: )

TOYOTA ENGINEERING STANDARD TSM0505G

(3) Smell-level perception sharing

Fig. 3 How to Smell Test Piece

Table 13 Number of Panelists per Container

(5) Results evaluation

TOYOTA ENGINEERING STANDARD TSM0505G

9.1.2 Smell after Aging

The same as specified in Section 9.1.1 (3).

(5) Results evaluation

9.2 Smell Test for Single Part under Wet Condition

Tests for initial smell shall be conducted by the following steps.

TOYOTA ENGINEERING STANDARD TSM0505G

9.2.2 Smell after Aging

9.3 Smell Water Extraction Test for Single Part

9.3.1 Test Outline

Heat the sample, sample component that emits smell

(3) Smell test