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Three small words used to introduce nouns.

‫وکاعتمرفرکواےنےکےئلاامعتسلوہےتںیہ۔‬nouns ‫الہکےتںیہاورہی‬articles the‫اور‬A, an
I bought a pen. ‫ںیمےناکیملقرخدیا۔‬
He is an old man. ‫وہاکیوبڑاھآدیمےہ۔‬

The earth revolves round the sun. ‫زنیموسرجےکرگدوھگیتمےہ۔‬

There are two kinds of articles.
1. Indefinite Article;
A and an are called indefinite articles and they do not refer to any
particular person or thing.
‫ےتہکںیہاورہییسکوصخمصصخشایزیچےکےئلاامعتسلتوہ وہےت۔‬indefinite article ‫وک‬an ‫اور‬A
2. Definite Article:
The is called definite article and it is used to refer to a particular
person or thing.
‫ےتہکںیہاورہییسکوصخمصصخشایزیچےکےئلاامعتسلوہہ ےہ۔‬definite article ‫وک‬The
Use of a- an
1. A or an is used before a singular, countable, common noun that is
not particular.
‫ےسےلہپاامعتسلوہےتںیہوجوصخمصہن‬common nouns ‫اقلبامشرینعیےنگاجےنواےلاےسی‬،‫وادح‬an ‫ای‬A
‫وہں۔‬
e.g. a book, a boy, a man, a student, an egg, an apple, an
orange
Note: singular, countable, common noun, consonant sound------ a is
used singular, countable, common noun, vowel sound------ an is used
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2. A or an is used before a singular, countable, common noun to
represent as an example of a class.
an ‫ای‬a ‫ےسےلہپ‬common noun‫یکامندنئیگرکےنےکےئلوادحاوراقلبامشر‬group ‫ای‬class ‫یسکیھب‬
‫اگلےتںیہ۔‬
e.g. A fly is an insect. ‫یھکماکیڑیکاےہ۔‬
An elephant has a long trunk. ‫اہیھتیکوسڈنیبملےہ۔‬
3. A or an is used before an adjective that is followed by a noun.
‫وموجدوہ۔‬noun ‫اگلےتںیہسجےکدعبوکیئ‬an ‫ای‬a ‫ےسےلہپیھب‬adjective ‫اےسی‬
e.g. He is an intelligent student. ‫وہاکیذنیہاطبلملعےہ۔‬
Ijaz is an able doctor. ‫ااجعزاکیاقلبڈارٹکےہ۔‬
A or an is not used
1. Before plural nouns. e.g. boys, books, teachers
2. Before nouns considered uncountable in English.
‫امشرےئکاجےتںیہانےسےلہپ۔‬uncountable ‫وجارگنزییںیم‬nouns ‫اےسی‬
e.g. news, advice, information, luggage
3. Before material and abstract nouns.
e.g. wood, gold, silver, cotton, love, rest, beauty, pain
4. An adjective that is not followed by a noun.
‫وموجدہنوہ۔‬noun ‫ےسےلہپسجےکدعبوکیئ‬adjective ‫اےسی‬
e.g. She is proud.
You are extravagant.
He is blind.