DE LA SALLE UNIVERSITY – DASMARINAS

Dasmariñas, Cavite
COLLEGE OF ENGINEERING, ARCHITECTURE, AND TECHNOLOGY
MECHANICAL ENGINEERING PROGRAM

T-MEET322LA

Mechanical Engineering Laboratory 2

BASIC PROCESS AND INSTRUMENTATION DIAGRAM (P&ID)

LABORATORY REPORT NO. 3

AGDAN, CARLOS ANTONIO

AGUILAR, KIM BENEDICT

BAYBAY, JUAN PAOLO

REODICA, MARK LIAM

VELITARIO, WRIGHT

Submitted to

RENE D. RUBIO PhD, PME, OSH Consultant

GROUP No. 4

Date Submitted: April 23, 2024

 TABLE OF CONTENTS

OBJECTIVE………………………………………………………………………………….…………….3

BASIC CONCEPT……………………………………………………………………………………………..3

APPLICATION, READING OF DIAGRAM..........................................................................................4

OBSERVATIONS RESULTS / DISCUSSION......................................................................................6

CONCLUSIONS………………………………………………………………………………………………6

RECOMMENDATION…………………………………………………………………………………………..6

REFERENCE……………………………………………………………………………………………………7
OBJECTIVE:

To apply knowledge in instrumentation and control and know its basic reading applications.

BASIC CONCEPT:

Standardized symbols - P&IDs use universal symbols to represent process equipment,

instruments, and control systems, ensuring clear communication across engineering disciplines.

Process flow - P&IDs illustrate the flow of materials or fluids through the system, showing the
sequence of operations and direction of flow.

Equipment and instruments - major equipment (e.g., pumps, heat exchangers) and instruments
(e.g., sensors, valves) are represented with specific symbols indicating their function and
interconnections.

Control loops - P&IDs depict how instruments interact to control process parameters (e.g.,
temperature, pressure) within desired ranges.

Interconnections and piping - they show piping layout, connections between equipment, and
different types of process streams (e.g., main process streams, utility streams).

Safety features - important safety components like relief valves, alarms, and emergency shutdown
systems are included to ensure safe operation.

Engineering documentation - P&IDs are essential engineering documents used for design,
operation, and maintenance of process systems, providing a visual roadmap for system layout and
control strategies.

Industry standards - P&IDs adhere to recognized standards (e.g., ansi/isa-5.1-2009) for symbol
conventions and drawing practices, ensuring consistency and accuracy in representation.
APPLICATION, READING OF DIAGRAM:

Identify the following symbol, numbers, lines, and fill in the boxes the correct answer.

Mounting / Line
Loop No. Instrument Name Input Output Supply
Location Symbol
010 Temperature Field Fluid’s Displays the Gauge
Gauge Temperature current display
inside the fluid’s requires
pipe temperature. low-voltage
DC power.
010 Temperature Field Fluid’s Converts the Needs
Transmitter Temperature temperature external
inside the into an electrical
pipe electrical power for
signal. operation
and signal
output.
010 Temperature Field Fluid’s Displays and Requires a
Recording Temperature controls separate
inside the system electrical
Controller
pipe temperature. power
supply.
010 Temperature Field Fluid’s Processes, Requires
Computer Output Temperature analyzes, separate
inside the and controls electrical
pipe temperature. power
supply.
010 Flow Valve Field Fluid’s Flow Steam input Needs
inside the to vessel differential
pipe pressure for
valve
operation,
may require
external
power.
Line 1 Process flow line N/A steam from steam from Operates
piping piping using fluid or
gas flow, no
external
power
required.
Line 2 Electric Signal N/A Electrical Electrical Requires
Power/ Power/ electrical
Control Control power for
Signals Signals
 sensor signal
transmission.
Line 3 Electric Signal N/A Electrical Electrical Requires
Power/ Power/ power for
Control Control sensor signal
Signals Signals transmission.
Line 4 Pneumatic Signal N/A Controlled Controlled Control signal
steam steam transmission
within the
system
requires
compressed
air or gas.
Line 5 Process flow line N/A Controlled Controlled Operates
steam steam with fluid or
gas flow, no
external
power
needed.
OBSERVATIONS RESULTS / DISCUSSION:

The experiment creating a Basic Process and Instrumentation Diagram (P&ID) revealed key
insights. It emphasized the critical need for clear communication in engineering design, using
standardized symbols for simplicity and understanding. Accuracy and diligence were highlighted due to
the potential impact of even minor errors, stressing thorough review processes. The project also
showcased the collaborative nature of engineering, requiring diverse skills to ensure diagram accuracy for
safety and effectiveness. Additionally, it underscored the iterative nature of engineering design, akin to
real-world projects, constantly improved through challenges and modifications for enhanced functionality
and clarity. Overall, the experiment provided invaluable lessons in precise communication, attention to
detail, teamwork, and iterative improvement essential for effective P&IDs.

CONCLUSIONS

The importance of process and instrumentation diagrams (P&IDs) for controlling operations and
visualizing processes across a range of sectors has become evident to us from our lab report on P&ID
basics. We've discovered via this practical experience that, in order to guarantee safe and effective
operations, careful attention to detail is crucial while drawing and interpreting these diagrams. In order to
prevent mistakes and enhance project performance overall, we've also come to understand how crucial
good team communication is during the design and implementation of P&IDs. The importance of P&IDs
as indispensable instruments in engineering and process management has generally been emphasized
by this lab, with a focus on how they support industrial settings' safety, clarity, and productivity.

RECOMMENDATION

To further enhance our understanding of P&IDs and their applications, it is recommended to

explore more complex process systems and practice creating detailed P&IDs for different scenarios. This
will strengthen our ability to design and analyze control systems based on process requirements and
operational constraints. Additionally, studying real-world P&IDs from different industries can provide
insights into industry standards and best practices in instrumentation and control engineering.
REFERENCES

Brunelli, A. (2024, April 9). Complete library of P&ID symbols: piping, equipment, lines,

and instrumentation. Projectmaterials.

https://blog.projectmaterials.com/category/epc-projects/engineering/pid-symbols-l

ist/

Libretexts. (2023, March 11). 4.5: Safety features in piping and instrumentation

diagrams. Engineering LibreTexts.

https://eng.libretexts.org/Bookshelves/Industrial_and_Systems_Engineering/Che

mical_Process_Dynamics_and_Controls_(Woolf)/04%3A_Piping_and_Instrumen

tation_Diagrams/4.05%3A_Safety_Features_in_Piping_and_Instrumentation_Dia

grams