ASAP

Amity School of Architecture and Planning

B.Arch. Semester X
HOTEL INFRASTRUCTURE MANAGEMENT
LECTURE 8
Module V:
Solid Waste Management
 INTRODUCTION ASAP

“We must not tolerate the indignity of homes without toilets and public spaces littered with
garbage. For ensuring hygiene, waste management and sanitation across the nation”, a
“Swachh Bharat Mission”

✓ First Phase Launched by Prime Minister on October 2nd

, 2014 and second phase on 1st October, 2021.
✓ The aim of the second phase is to have Garbage Free
Cities, Legacy Waste Management, open defecation
free cities, sustainable sanitation practices, waste
management, and the promotion of a circular
economy.
✓ Implemented By Ministry of Housing and Urban
Affairs (MoHUA) and Ministry of Drinking Water &
Sanitation(MoDWS)
INTRODUCTION ASAP

Is
Urbanization
a Challenge
for SBM ?
 Urban Population ASAP

As per Current estimates:

• 498 million urban population i.e 35.39% of
the total population
• No. of towns: 5161 in 2001, 7935 in 2011,
9902 in 2023.
• 65 million plus Metros having 37% of total
urban population
• Decadal growth of urban population is
>rural growth

More than 50% of the

Country population will be
urban by 2050
 FACTS ABOUT WASTE IN INDIA ASAP

❖ India, on an average generates 1,15,000 MT of waste.

❖ Collection of waste from the cities/towns is nearly 100%
❖ Out of most of the waste collected in India, reports suggest
that more than half of it is biodegradable in nature.
❖ The practice of segregation in India, is still in its nascent
stage, with more than half of the population sending mixed
waste to the landfill to be dumped.
❖ Processing of the biodegradable/organic material is one way
out to reduce the amount of waste by turning the organic
waste into manure.
 INTRODUCTION ASAP

Solid Waste Management may be defined as the discipline

associated with the
control of generation,
collection,
storage,
transfer and transport,
processing and
disposal of solid wastes in a manner that is in accord with the
best principles of public health, economics, engineering,
conservation, aesthetics and other environmental
considerations.
INTRODUCTION ASAP
TYPES OF SOLID WASTES - HOTEL ASAP
FACTORS EFFECTING ASAP
WASTE GENERATION IN HOTEL
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COLLECTION OF SOLID WASTE AT

MUNICIPAL LEVEL
Steps needs to be followed ASAP
TYPES OF SOLID WASTES ASAP
 STORAGE OF SOLID WASTES AT ASAP
BUILDING LEVEL
• Storage facilities or ‘bins’ shall have ‘easy to operate’ design
for handling, transfer and transportation of waste.
• Green, as well as blue colour, is used to segregate two
different types of wastes.
• The green dustbin is used for wet waste and a blue dustbin
is used for dry waste.
• In the blue-colour dustbin, only recyclable waste is dumped,
for example, cardboard, magazines, food tin, plastic bottles,
etc.
 STORAGE OF MUNICIPAL SOLID WASTES ASAP

Municipal authorities shall establish and maintain storage

facilities in such a manner, as they maintain hygienic conditions
around it.

• Storage facilities shall be created and established by

considering quantities of waste generation in each area and
the population densities.
• Storage facilities to be set up by municipal authorities or any
other agency shall be so designed that wastes stored are not
exposed to open atmosphere and shall be aesthetically
acceptable and user-friendly.
ASAP
 COLLECTION OF SOLID WASTE AT ASAP
MUNICIPAL LEVEL
COLLECTION AND UPDATION FROM TIME TO TIME
1. Decadal growth of population;
2. Number of wards, their area and population;
3. Ward-wise information regarding:
• Population density in different wards;
• No. of Households, shops and Establishments
• Vegetable/fruit/meat/fish markets
• Number of Hotels & Restaurants
• Number Of Hospitals and Nursing Homes
• Number Of Industries
• Number Of slum pockets/their population
• Road length & width.
• Number of slaughter houses
COLLECTION OF SOLID WASTE AT ASAP
MUNICIPAL LEVEL
 COLLECTION OF MUNICIPAL SOLID WASTES ASAP

• Organizing house-to-house collection of municipal solid

wastes through any of the methods, like community bin
collection (central bin), house-to-house collection, collection
on regular pre-informed timings and scheduling by using
musical bell of the vehicle.
• Devising collection of waste from slums and squatter areas
or localities including hotels, restaurants, office complexes
and commercial areas.
• Wastes from slaughter houses, meat and fish markets,
fruits and vegetable markets, which are biodegradable in
nature, shall be managed to make use of such wastes.
• Bio-medical wastes and industrial wastes shall not be
mixed with municipal solid wastes and such wastes shall
follow the rules separately specified for the purpose.
 COLLECTION OF MUNICIPAL SOLID WASTES ASAP

• Collected waste from residential and other areas shall be

transferred to community bin by hand-driven carts or other
small vehicles.
• Construction or demolition wastes or debris shall be
separately collected and disposed off following proper
norms. Similarly, wastes generated at dairies shall be
regulated in accordance with the State laws.
• Waste (garbage, dry leaves) shall not be burnt.
• Stray animals shall not be allowed to move around waste
storage facilities or at any other place in the city or town.
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SORTING AND STORING OF MUNICIPAL ASAP
SOLID WASTES
 TRANSPORTATION OF SWM AND STAFF ASAP
POSITIONING FOR MUNICIPAL SW

Transportation

• Number Of vehicles available with the local body for the

transportation of waste, their types, size and age.
• Number of trips made by each vehicle in one shift.
• Number of vehicles used in: First shift Second shift & Third shift
• Qty. of waste transported in each shift.
• Total qty. of waste transported each day.
• Percentage of waste transported each day.
 TRANSPORTATION OF SWM AND STAFF ASAP
POSITIONING FOR MUNICIPAL SW
Staff Position

• Number of sanitation workers deployed in the city for the

collection of waste
• Number of sanitation workers deployed for the transportation of
waste.
• Ward/Area wise allocation of sanitation workers
• Sweeper and sweeper supervisor allocation as per population
density in each ward
 PROCESSING OF MUNICIPAL SOLID WASTES ASAP

Municipal authorities shall adopt suitable technology or combination of

such technologies to make use of wastes to minimize burden on landfill.
Following criteria shall be adopted:-

• The biodegradable wastes shall be processed by composting,

vermicomposting, anaerobic digestion or any other appropriate
biological processing for stabilization of wastes(state-of-the-art
technologies shall approach the central pollution control board).
• Mixed waste containing recoverable resources shall follow the route of
recycling.
• Incineration with or without energy recovery can also be used for
processing wastes in specific cases.
 PROCESSING OF MUNICIPAL SOLID WASTES ASAP

COMPOSTING is the natural

process of decomposition and
recycling of organic material into a
humus rich soil amendment known
as compost.
AEROBIC COMPOSTING
is decomposition of organic matter using
microorganisms that require oxygen.
ANAEROBIC COMPOSTING, decomposition
occurs where oxygen (O) is absent or in
limited supply. Under this method, anaerobic
micro-organisms dominate and develop
intermediate compounds including methane,
organic acids, hydrogen sulphide and other
substances.
 PROCESSING OF MUNICIPAL SOLID WASTES ASAP

INCINERATION, which means burning harmful wastes into ashes, is

the best method to dispose of biological wastes from hospitals.
 DISPOSAL OR MANAGING OF MUNICIPAL ASAP
SOLID WASTES
DISPOSAL OF SW
• LAND FILLING shall be restricted to non-biodegradable, inert waste and
other waste that are not suitable either for recycling or for biological
processing.
• Land filling of mixed waste shall be avoided unless the same is found
unsuitable for waste processing.
• Under unavoidable circumstances or till installation of alternate facilities, land
filling shall be done following proper norms.
MANAGING OF SW
• It covers a variety of materials ranging from asbestos to Zinc batteries.
• Polythene and its related compounds are the most found solid waste materials
in urban environs.
• Many non-biodegradable solid waste materials are known to cause
considerable environmental hazards when released into land, water and
atmosphere.
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HOTEL WASTE UTILIZATION STRATEGY ASAP