Chapter 6

Properties of Mathematical
Operations
Commutative Property of Addition
The
Thesum
sumof
oftwo
twoparticular
particularnumbers
numbersisisalways
alwaysthe
the
same,
same,nonomatter
matterhow
howthey
theyare
areadded.
added.

Therefore, 5 + 3 = 3 + 5
Commutative Property of Multiplication
The
Twosum
numbers
of two can
particular
be multiplied
numbersin any
is always
orderthe
to
same, obtain
no matter
thehow
samethey
product.
are added.

Therefore, 3 x 4 = 4 x 3
Associative Property of Addition
When
The sum
three
of two
or more
particular
numbersnumbers
are added,
is always
their the
sum
remains
same,
theno
same
matter
no matter
how they
howare
weadded.
group them.

Therefore, (6 + 4) + 5 = 6 + (4 + 5)
Associative Property of Multiplication
When
The sum
three
of two
or more
particular
numbersnumbers
are multiplied,
is alwaystheir
the
product
same,remains
no matter
thehow
same they
no matter
are added.
how we
group them.

(3 x 2) x 4 = 6 x 4
= 24

or

3 x (2 x 4) = 3 x 8
= 24

Therefore, (3 x 2) x 4 = 3 x (2 x 4)
Distributive Property of Addition
5 x 4 = 20

(3 x 4) + (2 x 4) = 12 + 8
= 20

or

(3 + 2) x 4 = 5 x 4
= 20

Therefore, (3 x 4) + (2 x 4) = (3 + 2) x 4
Distributive Property of Multiplication Over Subtraction
4 x 4 = 16
(6x4) - (2x4) = 24 - 8
= 16

or

(6-2) x 4 = 4 x 4
= 16

Therefore, (6x4) - (2x4) = (6-2) x 4

Chapter 7
Fractions
Numerator The numerator shows the number of equal parts of
the whole that are shaded. The denominator shows
the number of equal parts the whole is divided into.
Denominator
 Comparing Fractions

Since and have the same denominator, the

greater fraction is the one with the greater numerator.
 Comparing Fractions

Since and have the same numerator, the smaller

fraction is the one with the greater denominator.
These fractions are like fractions.
When the denominator are the same, they are called
like fractions.
Notice that the denominator does not change.
 Let’s
Practice
Written as: _____

Read as: _______________________________________

Written as:

Read as: Two-eighths

Written as: _____

Read as: _______________________________________

Written as:

Read as: Seven-tenths

Written as: ______

Read as: ______________________________________

Written as:

Read as: One-fourth / One-quarter

Complete the addition sentences below to show the commutative property of addition and
multiplication.

353 + 214 = _______________

4135 x 54 = _______________
Complete the addition sentences below to show the commutative property of addition and
multiplication.

353 + 214 = 214 + 353

4135 x 54 = 54 x 4135
Complete the addition sentences below to show the associative property of addition and
multiplication.

(214 + 321) + 345 = ___________________

123 x (432 x 426) = ___________________

Complete the addition sentences below to show the associative property of addition and
multiplication.

(214 + 321) + 345 = 214 + (321 + 345)

123 x (432 x 426) = (123 x 432) x 426

Complete the addition sentences below to show the distributive property.

12 x 3
(10 + 2 ) x 3 = ( ___ x ___ ) + ( ___ x ___ )

(20 - 8 ) x 3 = ( ___ x ___ ) + ( ___ x ___ )

Complete the addition sentences below to show the distributive property.

12 x 3
(10 + 2 ) x 3 = (10 x 3) + (2 x 3)

(20 - 8 ) x 3 = (20 x 3) - (8 x 3)
Kenzi read of a book yesterday and of the book today. How much of the book did he
read altogether? Write the maths sentence and final statement!
Kenzi read of a book yesterday and of the book today. How much of the book did he
read altogether? Write the maths sentence and final statement!

He read of the book altogether.

Arrange the fractions in ascending and descending order!

Ascending:

Descending:
Arrange the fractions in ascending and descending order!

Ascending:

Descending:
Arrange the fractions in ascending and descending order!
Arrange the fractions in ascending and descending order!

Ascending:

Descending:
Once upon a time, a shepherd had some sheep. One night a crowd of wolfs caught and took
, a week later the shepherd sold of the original amount. What fraction of the sheep did the
shepherd still have?
Once upon a time, a shepherd had some sheep. One night a crowd of wolfs caught and took
, a week later the shepherd sold of the original amount. What fraction of the sheep did the
shepherd still have?

Maths sentence: - -

Final statement: So, the fraction of the sheep did the shepherd still have is .
 Happy
learning