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u0ftqfTds Joj:yf ;+;bjfbL bn / g]tfx¿sf] sf/0f c;kmn nf]edf g]kfnsf] d'Vo b'Zdg zlQm ef/taf6 g} cfofltt x'G5g\ . g]kfnsf] 5nkmn / ax; rnfpb} cufl8 a9\g' e"dLsf lxg ePsf] 5 . l;4fGt t
x'g k'us ] f] 5 . of] s'g} bn / g]tf ljz]ifeGbf klg ;+;bLo ;fd|fHoafb t 5Fb5 } . t/ bnfnx¿sf] k};f ef/tn] ;+ro u5{ . o;}n] g]kfn cfhsf] cfjZostf xf] . o;nfO{ ;+3Lotf 7Ls xf] t/ oxfF o;nfO{
Joj:yfs} pkh xf], lsgls ha;Dd ;+;bLo Joj:yf /xG5, r'gf}tL klg v]Kg'k/]sf] 5 g]kfnn] o;/L lbg k|ltlbg ul/aLdf k5{ . g]kfnsf] k"jf{ux| n] x]l/g' x'bg} . ;8snfO{ pk]Iff hflu/sf] v]n agfO{Psf] 5 . o;af6
ta;Dd ;/sf/ ;Qfsf nflu o:t} n'5fr'8F L eO/xG5 . of] x]bf{ lab]zL bnfn k|d'v b'Zdg @^ lhNnfx¿af6 @%^ 7fpF ef/tn] u/]/ ;bgaf6 qmflGt x'g ;Sb}g . jflif{s #) ca{ vr{ ePsf] 5 . s]xL
;+;bLo Joj:yfn] /fi6« / hglxt ug{ ;Sb}g eGg] alnof] k|df0f dflgG5g\ . x]gs { f] nflu pgLx¿ g]kfnL x:tIf]k u/]sf] 5 . t/ g]kfnn] s]xL hgtfsf] cfaZostf / hgrfxgf ;do cl3;Dd o'/l] kog o'lgogn]
klg xf] . ljut b]lv g} g]kfn sDo'lg:6 kf6L{n] ;+;bLo Joj:yfn] x'g . t/ pgLx¿ cd]l/sfsf] bf; ag]/ eGg ;s]sf] 5}g . of] b'Mvsf] s'/f xf] . o;/L a9]sf] 5 ls )^@ sf] ef/tdf ;+3Lotfsf] vr{ ;3fPsf] lyof] . ca
/fi6« / hglxt ug{ ;Sb}g eGb} cfPsf] lyof], h'g s'/f clxn] k|f=] cd]l/sgsf] ¿kdf sfd ul//x]sf g]kfn sDo'lgi6 kf6L{n] x:tIf]ksf] ul/Psf] !@ a'bF } ;xdltn] g]kfnsf] To:tf] 5}g . s/La bz aif{ nufP/
5g\ . g]tfx¿ lsg cd]l/sfsf] bf; lj/f]w ub{} cfPsf] b]lvG5 . CifL s§]n, /fhgLltnfO{ s'g} sfd lbg ;Sb}g . ag]sf] )&@sf] ;+lawfgn] g]kfnLsf]
cfP/ ;To ;fljt ePsf] 5 . To;}n] jt{dfg ;+s6af6 b]z / aG5g\ < eGg] s'/fdf kb k|lti7f qmflGtsf/L dfcf]jfbL / cGo 36sx¿n] o;n] emg lab]zL x:tIf]k a9fPsf] cfjZostf / rfxgfnfO{ 5f]Psf] 5}g .
hgtfnfO{ kf/ nufpg g]kfn sDo'lg:6 kf6L{n] cufl8 ;f/]sf] cd]l/sfaf6 g} k|fKt x'G5 . g]kfnsf] klg la/f]w hgfPsf 5g\ . t/ ckm;f]r 5 . g]kfnsf] ^@ 7fpFaf6 ef/tn] ;Ldf ;+;bLo Aoa:yf n]lggn] eg] h:tf]
j}1flgs ;dfhjfb afx]s csf]{ pQd ljsNk x'g} ;Sb}g . clxn]sf dGqL x'g cd]l/sfsf] l;kmfl/zdf kf6L{ 6'6–km'6 / laefhg ePsf] ldr]sf] cj:yf 5 eg] sfnf kfgL lnk' ukmf8Lsf] ynf] ePsf] 5 . g]kfndf
;+;bjfbL bn / g]tfx¿sf] xs{tn] klg casf] ;dfwfg eg]sf] x'gk' 5{ . k|wfgdGqLsf] l;kmf/Lz ug]{ a'lemG5 . g]skfsf] gjf} a}7s kl5 n]v e/tLo ;'/Iff ansf] k|efj If]q klg Ps tLxfO{ ;+;b\ dfq ;+;b\ xndf
j}1flgs ;dfhjfb dfq xf] eGg] s'/fsf] k'li6 ul/;s]sf] 5 . klg cd]l/sf g} xf] . dGqLx¿ r'lgg] Ps y/L u'6n] ax'dt ePsf] aftfpFb} ag]sf] 5 . ;':tfdf ;of}+ ls=dL= ef/tn] a;]sf] b]lvG5 . a;]sf dWo] sf]xL cw{
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;+;bjfbL bn / g]tfx¿ g]kfn sDo'lg:6 kf6L{n] cufl8 ;f/]sf] xf] . juL{o lxtn] ubf{ ef/tn] klg ha kf6L{n] lasf; ub}{ hfG5 sDo'lgi6 ef/t k/:t /fhgLlt xf] . ug]{ ;f+;b jlx{udgdf k/]sf x'G5 .
cd] l /sfn] eg] s f] dfG5 . oxfF kf6L{df laefhg x'G5 . g]skfsf] dGqL kb kfpg ef/t / eLd /fjn Pp6f pbfx/0f x'g\ .
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lsgls b]zdf j}1flgs ;dfhjfb :yfkgf eP, pgLx¿sf] a|Xdn'6 5 . o;}n] g]kfndf ef/tLo lgb]z { gdf kfP;Dd ;fd|fHoafbn] klg 7"nf] e"ldsf of]hgf aL cf/ cfO{ nfu" ug{ ef/tLo nfu]sf] lrGtfn] g]skfsf] dxf;lra
rNg] 5}g . b]z / hgtf oL e|i6 ;+;bjfbL bn / g]tfsf] gful/stf law]os aG5 . lab]zLn] v]ns] f] x'G5 . sDo'lgi6 kf6L{sf] O{ltxf; x:tIf]k x'G5 . o;/L g]kfnsf] ljsf; laKnan] cfufdL lgjf{rgdf efu
r+un ' af6 d'Qm x'g5] g\ eGg] pgLx¿nfO{ 7"nf] eo 5 . ca klg cfˆgf] cg'sn ' dGqL 5flglbg] k/Dk/f o;} >[v + nfaf6 cufl8 a9]sf] 5 . ;Dea 5 < o;af6 g]kfn :jtGq 5 lng'k5{ eGg] s'/f aflx/ cfPsf] 5 .
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t;y{, b]z / hgtfnfO{ jt{dfg /fhgLlts ;+s6af6 d'Qm kfg{ pt}af6 lg;[t x'G5g\ . O{G8f] Kofl;lkms pxL 5 . gLlt pxL 5 . t/ sfn]– sfd/]sf] 5 . o;n] cfˆgf bnfnx¿ hgdt;+ux| ug{' 7Ls xf]nf . k|ydtM
g]kfn sDo'lgi6 kf6L{n] eg] h:tf] hgdt;+ux| ug{s ' f] lasNk cd]l/sf s} b]g xf] . oxfF cd]l/sL sfn] Psgf;] eg]h:t} qmflGtaf6 kl5 dfkm{t\ Pd;L;L / P:kLkL nfu" u/fPsf] )*$ sf] lgjf{rgnfO{ ;zQm jlx:sf
;]gf oqtq lxF8s ] f kfOG5g\ . clkm; x6\g kf6L{ cnu ePsf] 3f]if0ff u/]sf 5 . g]kfndf bf];f| ] k6s a}zfs !%.!^ ug{k' 5{ . t/ clxn] of] psfnf] kg]{
5}g . To;sf/0f tTsfn ;+;bLo Joj:yfsf] la36g u/L hgdt klg ag]sf] 5 . b'O{ lsl;dn] cd]l/sL t xf]Ogg < o;df s';L{n] dxTjk"0f{ df nufgL ;Dd]ng ul/Psf] 5 . s'g} cj:yfdf k|ultzLn kIfn] klg efu
;+ux| dfkm{t\ hgtfnfO{ Joj:yfsf] km};nf ug]{ clwsf/ lbg'k5{ . ;]gf g]kfndf a:5g\ . klxnf] s'/f t e"ldsf v]ns ] f] 5 . ;fd|fHoafbsf] rf;f] klg nufgL stf{n] cfˆgf] lxt / lng'k5{ . bnfnnfO{ /hfOF ug{ lbg'xbF ' g} .
h;sf nflu ;/sfn] tTsfn hgdt;+ux| sf] 3f]if0ff u/L To;nfO{ g]kfndf ax'dN" o vlgh kbfy{ 5g\ eg]sf] sDo'lgi6 kf6L{nfO{ xdnf ug{d' f d'gfkmfnfO{ x]/s ] f] x'G5 . lab]zLn] nufgL t;y{ clxn] jfdkGyL, b]zeQm zlQm
sfof{Gjg ug{ k|ultzLn ;+oQ' m ;/sf/ u7g ug{k' 5{ . h'g jt{dg h;nfO{ g]kfnn] pkof]u ug{ ;s]sf] 5 . ax; ug{ klg 8/fpg], kfvf– u/]sf] pTkfbg g]kfnn] lsGg'k5{ . k};f Psh'6 eP/ bnfnx¿nfO{ gf+ue] mf/
/fhgLlts ;+s6 ;dfwfgsf lglDt ;a}eGbf nf]stflGqs / ;j{dfGo 5}g ;Lk / >f]tsf] sdLn] . csf]{ s'/f kfvf la/f]w ub}{ lxF8g\ ] of] e8'jf gLlt lab]zLn] n}hfG5 . g]kfn ul/asf] agfpg'' k5{ . lgjf{rg k};fsf] v]n xf] .
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b'Ol{ bg] rLg e|d0f olta]nf ljZje/Lg} k|ZgnfO{ b'O–{ /fHo l;4fGtsf cfwf/df gb]lvPsf] / åGb cem} al9/x]sf] tyf ?;tkm{ lgof{t ePsf]df ;g\ @)@# ;Qf r/d ;+s6df k'us ] f] 7f]sj' f u/]sf ;dfhjfb, cfTdlge{/ pTkfbg /
;jf{ l ws rrf{ d f /x] s f] 5 . ;dfwfg ul/g'kg]{ laifodf ;xdlt lj:tf/ eO/x] s f] atfpF b } afx\ o df a9]/ @# ca{ 8n/ k'us ] f] kfOPsf] 5g\ . hgkqsf/ ;+ u 7g g] k fn hgpBdzLntf, gofF ;+:s[lt ;L
e|d0fsfqmddf pxfFn] lrlgofF ;dsIfL ePsf] 5 . To;} u /L lrlgofF zlQmx¿n] cem}klg cfuf]df OGwg 5 . kl5Nnf] ;dodf rLgdf ?;L bfªåf/f d+unaf/ cfof]lht kqsf/ ;+:s[lt ljifos ;j{kIfLo ljdz{ /
;L lhg lkª;Fu a]Olhªsf] u|]6 xn /fi6«kltn] o'qm]g ;+s6 ;dfwfgsf ylk/x]sf] atfpg' ePsf] lyof] . k|fs[lts Uof;sf] k|of]u x'Fb}cfPsf] e]63f6 sfo{qmddf af]Nb} pgn] ;f] cGt/lqmofx¿sf] cfof]hgf ug]{,
ckm b lkk'ndf e]6jftf{ ug{e ' Psf] nflu /fhgLlts ;dfwfgg} ;xL af6f] o'qm]gn] rfx]sf] v08df rLg cGo 5eg] ?;sf ;8sx¿df s}of}F lrlgofF 7f]s'jf u/]sf x'g\ . g]tf ;ljgn] kf6L{n] ;~rfng ul//x]sf pTkfbg
lyof] . To;qmddf rLg / ?;aLrsf] ePsf] b' j } k Ifsf] ljZjf; /x] s f] l5d]sL /fi6«x¿sf] ;fydf dWo:ttf ;jf/L;fwg u'l8/x]sf] b]lvPsf 5g\ . g]kfnsf sDo'lg:6x¿dfly rf}tkmL{ s]Gb|x¿nfO{ Jojl:yt ug]{, lhNnf
s"6gLlts ;DaGw :yfkgfsf] &% cf}F atfpg' ePsf] lyof] . pxfFx¿aLr ug{ tof/ /x]sf] 5 . h'g s'/f p;n] ?;n]eg] ;+;f/e/ k]6«f]naf6 rNg] 3]/faGbL eO/x]sf] atfpFb} eg]– kf6L{n] ljleGg sf]ifx¿ ;~rfng ug],{
jflif{sf]T;jsf ;Gbe{df b'O/{ fi6« k|dv
' n] ;+o'Qm /fi6« ;+3sf] a8fkqsf p2]Zo ;fj{hlgs¿kdf AoQm klg ul/;s]sf] uf8L lgof{t ub}{cfPsf] 5 . klZrdf …olta] n f rf/} l t/af6 sDo' l g:6 kf6L{sf] lhNnf sfof{no ejg lgdf{0f
;+oQ ' m ¿kdf k|; ] nfO{ ;d]t e]6g\ ' / l;4fGtx¿sf] kfngf ug]{, ;a} 5 . ?;–o'qm]g o'4nfO{ axfgf agfP/ /fi6« x ¿n] ?; / rLgaLrsf] hgdtdfly 3]/faGbL eO/x]sf 5g\ . ug{ cfjZos k|lqmof ;'?jft ug],{
ePsf] lyof] . e|d0fsf] cGTodf b] z sf] ;fj{ e f} d ;Qf / If] q Lo cd]l/sf / p;sf ;xof]uL /fi6«x¿n] ;DaGwnfO{ c;Gt' l nteGb} ?; cd]l/sL ;fd|fHojfb sDo'lg:6x¿sf u'7L kLl8t ls;fg / ;'sD' af;Lx¿n]
g]tfåosf] ;+o'Qm x:tfIf/df hf/L cv08tfsf] ;Ddfg ug] { , ;a} ?;dfly ljleGg lsl;dsf rLg;F u a9L cfl>t aGb} u Psf]
atfpg] u/]sf 5g\ . ;g\ @)@#
;Ddsf] cf+s8fnfO{ x]bf{ rLg ?;sf]
8f= s]zj b]jsf]6f d" n Jofkfl/s ;fem] b f/ ag] s f]
b]lvPsf] 5 . cGt/f{li6«o ¿kdf eg]
rLgsf nflu ?; 5}7f}+ 7"nf] ;fem]bf/
?;sf /fi6« k ltsf] kl5Nnf] rLg e| d 0f ?;– xf] . ?;L ;/sf/sf] em08} %) k|ltzt
o'qm]g o'4dfdfq ;Ldt lyPg . vf;df rLg, O/fg, /fh:j t]n / UofF;af6 ;+sng
x'g]u/]sf] 5 . ?;–o'qm]g o'4kl5
?; / pQ/sf]l/of nufotsf ;xof]uL /fi6«x¿aLrsf] cd]l/sf, o"s] / O{os " f b]zx¿df ?;L
;xsfo{nfO{ yk alnof] agfpg' klg lyof] . h'g t]n / UofF;sf] lgof{t 36]sf] kfOPsf]
5 . h;n] ubf{ ?;n] rLg / ef/tnfO{
;xsfo{ d f a] O lhªn] g] t [ T j ub} { cfPsf] 5 eg] ul/g] lgof{tdf a[l4 u/]sf] 5 . ?;sf]
To;nfO{ d:sf]n] klg :jLsf/ ul/;s]sf] 5 . ?;nfO{ ;f] lgof{tn] g]kfnnfO{ ;d]t 5f]Psf]
5 . ;g\ @)@# sf] tYof+scg';f/ lj?4 l;Fw} n8\g oxfF cfOk'u]sf] 5 . hldgsf] :jfldTj sfod ug{
O/fg / pQ/sf]l/ofn] v'n]/} xltof/ ;xof]u u/]sf 5g\ . To;}n] casf] ;fpbL c/anfO{;d]t kl5kfb}{ ?; olta]nf xfdL ;r]t / ;ts{ aGg'kg]{ ul//x]sf] ;+3if{nfO{ k|efjsf/L agfpg
rLgsf] ;a}eGbf 7"nf] sRrf t]n a] n f ePsf] 5 . ;fd| f Hojfbsf kf6L{sf] tkm{af6 yk kxn ug]{ lg0f{o
cj:yfdf cd]l/sf o'qm]g dfldnfdf k5fl8 x6]geg] p;dfly rf}tkmL{ xdnf cfk" l t{ s tf{ ag] s f] kfOPsf] 5 . lj?4sf] n8fOFdf ;a} df]rf{x¿ v'Nnf u/]sf] pNn]v ul/Psf] 5 .
/ gfsfaGbLsf] ;+efjgf a9]sf] 5 . ?;sf /fi6«kltsf] xfn}sf] rLg e|d0fn] cd]l/sL /fi6«klt hf] afO8]gn] ut u/]/ hfg] kf6L{sf] gLlt /x]sf] 5 . o:t} lj1lKtdf e| i 6frf/L,
km]ac'| /Ldfdfq klg ?;dfly %)) gofF g] k fnsf] sDo' l g:6 hgdtnfO{ sfnfahf/Lof, nfu'cf}ifw sf/f]af/L,
g] k fndf cd] l /sL k| e fjnfO{ sd u/fpg yk d2t ug] { 5 . g] k fnsf k|ltaGwsf] 3f]if0ff ug'{ePsf] lyof] . Pstfj4 ub}{ ;dfhjfbsf] af6f] to ld6/JofhL t:s/L lj?4sf] sf/jfxL
zf;sx¿ ?;–o'qm]gsf] dfldnfdf o'qm]g / Oh/fon–xdf;sf] dfldnfdf hlta] n f sl/j !)) sDkgL / ug{'kg]{ a]nf ePsf] 5 . Psflt/ k|efjsf/L agfpg ;/sf/L lgsfo;Fu
JolQmx¿dfly lgof{t k|ltaGwsf] g]kfnsf] ;+;bLo ;Qf r/d ;+s6df ;xsfo{, ;dGjo / ;+3if{ ug],{ dfkb08
Oh/fonsf] kIfdf /xF b } cfPsf 5g\ . Kofn] l i6gLx¿nfO{ t g] k fnn] 3f]if0ff ul/Psf] lyof] . ;g\ @)@@ k'u]sf] 5 o;sf] lgsf; g]kfnL lakl/t vf]nfgbLsf] bf]xg ub}{ cj}w
…cft+ssf/LÚ s/f/ u/]sf] 5 / O/fgsf];d]t v'n]/ la/f]w u/]sf] 5 . olb sf] km]a|'c/Ldf o'qm]gdfly cfqmd0f ljz]iftfsf] ;dfhjfbaf6 u/f}+ eGg] qm;/ pBf]u rnfP/ vf]nfgbL phf8
u/]otf cd]l/sf, ci6«]lnof, Sofg8f, xfd|f] kf6L{sf] :ki6 k|:tfj xf] .Ú agfpg] sfo{ aGb ug{
rLg, O/fg, ?; / pQ/sf] l /of nufotsf] u7aGwg alnof] eof] e g] hfkfg, o"s] / Oo"n] ?;dfly !^,%)) g]tf ;ljgn] /fhgLlt hgtfsf] ;/f]sf/jfnfx¿nfO{ ;r]t ub}{ uDeL/
g] k fnsf] /fhgLltdf klg 7" n f] kl/jt{ g cfpg] ;+ e fjgf 5 . h;nfO{ eGbf w] / } k| l taGw nufO;s] s f] ;]jf ug]{ s'/f ePsf] atfpFb} eg]– Wofgfsif{0f u/fpg] 6l/ufpF ljdfg:ynsf]
kfO{Psf] 5 . …/fhgLlt hgtfsf] ;]jf ug]{ s'/f xf] :t/j[l4 ug{ / lgoldt p8fg ug{
g]kfnsf] qmflGtsf/L zlQmn] cfˆgf] kIfdf kfg]{ k|of; ug'{kb{5 . pQm k| l taGwx¿ ?;sf] t/ o;nfO{ oxfFsf cGo bnx¿n] k]zf hf]8bf/ dfu ug]{ lg0f{o ul/Psf] ;d]t
cy{ t GqnfO{ sdhf] / agfpg] d f agfP . /fhgLlt k];f xf]Og, of] lg:jfy{ :ki6 pNn]v ul/Psf] 5 .
aQmJodf hgjfbL u0ftGq rLg / kIfx¿sf] a}w ;'/Iff ;/f]sf/sf] k|ltaGwx¿ nufPsf 5g\ . rLgeg] s]lGb|t 5g\ . klZrdf b]zx¿n] 9+un] hgtfsf] ;]jf ug]{ s'/f xf] . o:t} ls;fgnfO{ dn laplahgsf]
?; gofF o'usf] nflu a[xt\ /0fgLlts ;Ddfg ug]{ / ;Gt'lnt gofF ;'/Iff cd]l/sf;lxtsf ljleGg b]zx¿n] xltof/ pTkfbgdf k|of]u x'g;Sg] g]skfn] /fhgLltnfO{ k]zf xf]Og ;]jf ;xh pknAwtfsf] nflu ;/sf/L
;fem]bf/L ;DaGwnfO{ k|uf9 agfpg] ;+/rgf lgdf{0f ug]n { ufotsf ljifodf ?;dfly nufPsf] k|ltaGwsf] k|efj xfO{–kmfO{ k|ljlw tyf ;fdu|Lsf] ug]{ sd{ a'em]sf] 5 . xfdL pTkfbgaf6 lgsfosf] uDeL/ Wofgfsif{0f u/fpg],
nufotsf s'/fx¿ pNn]v 5g\ . klg 5nkmn ePsf] kfOPsf] 5 . sd u/fpg] k|of;df /x]sf] 5 . lgof{tdfly klg k|ltaGw nufPsf kf6L{sf g]tfsfo{stf{nfO{ cfTdlge{/ c;f/] ljsf;sf] ljs[t g]kfnL df]8n ] df
pxfFx¿n] b'O{ b]zaLrsf] ;DaGwnfO{ lrlgofF sDo'lgi6 kf6L{sf] d'vkq cd]l/sfn] rLgn] ?;nfO{ xltof/ 5g\ . To;}u/L ?;af6 ;'g / lx/f agfpg] cleofgdf lg/Gt/ nflu/x]sf eO/x]sf] r/d clgoldttf, e|i6frf/,
cufl8 a9fpg] kfFrj6f l;4fGtsf] Unf]jn 6fOD;n] ut z'qmaf/sf] c+sdf pknAw u/fPsf] cf/f]k nufPsf] 5 cfoft ug{ klg k|ltaGw nufOPsf] 5f} F . /fhgLlts g] t fsfo{ s tf{ sld;g / u'0f:t/xLg lgdf{0fsf]
klg toug'{ePsf] 5 . h;df klxnf], ax'kIfLo laifodf w]/} dxTjk"0f{ jftf{ eg] rLgn] ;f] cf/f]ksf] af/Daf/ 5 . ?;af6 aflxl/g] sltko xjfO{ pTkfbgdf hf]l8Pg eg] g]tfx¿ :jflwg sfdnfO{ s8f lgu/fgL ub}{ u'0f:t/Lo
kf/:kl/s ;Ddfgk|lt k|lta4 /xg] ePsf] / ;f] jftf{n] rLg / ?;aLrsf] c:jLsf/ ub}{ klg cfPsf] 5 . ut p8fgx¿ klg k|ltaGwdf k/]sf 5g\ . aGg ;Sb}gg\ To;kl5 /fhgLlts k]zf lgdf{0f / 5l/tf] ;]jf k|jfxsf] nflu
/ ;w}+ Pscsf{sf] d'Vo lxtsf] nflu ;DaGwdfdfq geO{ ljZj /fhgLltd} dlxgf a] O lhª e| d 0fsfqmddf ?;sf /fi6«klt k'l6gn] xfn}sf] rLg aGg k'U5 . xfd|f] kf6L{ :jflwg 5 . kxn ug]{ lg0f{o u/]sf] 5 .
;dy{g k|bfg ug],{ bf]>f]] kf/:kl/s laz]if cy{/fVg] pNn]v u/]sf] 5 . cd]l/sL ljb]zdGqL PG6f]gL lAn+sgn] e| d 0fsf qmddf pk/f] Q m ;a} ca g]skf s;}sf] e/ kg{k' b}g{ , xfdL t];|f] cfjlws of]hgfsf] k|yd
nfesf] gofF k|ltdfgnfO{ a9fjf lbg], rLgsf] b'Ol{ bg] e|d0fsf] k"j; { GWofdf aLaL;L Go"h;Fusf] Ps cGtjf{tf{df laifodf 5nkmn ub} { klZrdf xfd|} pTkfbgdf afFrs ] f 5f}F .Ú a}7sn] o;cl3sf tLg j6f lhNnf
t]>f] lbuf] ldqtfsf nflu k|lta4 k'l6gn] l;Gx\jf ;dfrf/ ;+:yf;Fusf] klg rLgnfO{ xltof/ ;xof]u gug{ /fi6« x ¿sf] Ifdtf / /0fgLltsf] g]tf ;ljgn] g]skfn] )*$ sf] ;ldtLx¿ PsLs[t u/L !@! ;b:oLo
/xg], rf}yf] b'O{ b]zaLr /0fgLlts Ps lnlvt cGtjf{tf{df ?; / rLgn] r'gf}tL lbg'ePsf] lyof] . ;dLIff ug'{ePsf] atfOPsf] 5 . lgjf{rgnfO{ ;dfhjfbL cleofgsf] lhNnf ;ldlt lgdf{0f ul/Psf] hf/L
;dGjo ug{] / ljZjJofkL zf;gnfO{ cfly{s If]qdf lj:tfl/t ;dfg / lAnª\sgn] rLgn] ?;sf lglDt dfgjclwsf/ ;DaGwL cGt/f{li6«o ¿kdf k|of]u ug]{ ;d]t atfpFb} eg]– k|]; lj1lKtdf pNn]v ul/Psf] 5 .
;xL lbzfdf n}hfg k|lta4 /xg], kfFrf}+ kf/:kl/s nfesf/L ;xof]udfkm{t\ b'j} uf]nLu¶f, 6\of+s, aVt/aGb uf8L / ;+ : yf PDg] i 6L OG6/g] z gnn] …r'gfj ;DaGwL sDo'lgi6sf b'O{ km/s pQm kqsf/ e]63f6 sfo{qmddf
lgikIftf / Gofodf k|lta4 /xg] tyf /fi6«sf] ;d[l4sf] k|j4{g ul//x]sf] If]Kof:q agfpgsf lglDt 5f]6f] t/ ut;ftf Ps k|ltj]bg ;fj{hlgs a'emfO{ /x]sf 5g\ Pp6f k|of]u / csf]{ g]kfn sDo'lg:6 kf6L{sf s]Gb|Lo ;b:o
x6:k6x¿sf] /fhgLlts ;dfwfgdf atfpg' ePsf] lyof] . kfF r f} F ;3g tflnd lbP/ ;xof]u u/]sf] ub} { ;g\ !($* kl5sf] ljZj alx:sf/ . g]skfn] r'gfjnfO{ ca Pjd bfª lhNnf OGrfh{ ;ljg ;Lsf]
;dlk{t /xg]nufotsf s'/fx¿ pNn]v sfo{sfnsf nflu lgjf{lrt ePkl5 atfpg] ug'e { Psf] 5 . rLgdfly ?;L Joj:yf w/fkdf /x]sf] atfPsf] sfo{gLlt / /0fgLltsf] laifo agfpg] k|dv' cfltYo /x]sf] lyof] . sfo{qmddf
5g\ . rLg nuftf/ !# jif{bl] v ?;sf] k'l6gsf] of] klxnf] cGt/f{li6«o e|d0f k|lt/Iff pBf]unfO{ ;3fPsf] cd]l/sL lyof] . ljZjsf s]xL zlQm /fi6«sf eGbfklg ;du| qmflGtsf] df]rf{sf] kf6L{sf s]Gb|Lo ;b:ox¿ ;Demgf ;L,
;a}eGbf 7"nf] Jofkfl/s ;fem]bf/ lyof] . ut ;ft dlxgfsf] cjlwdf cf/f]k /xg] u/]sf] 5 . klZrdf x7sf sf/0f bf]>f] ljZjo'4kl5sf] ¿kdf x]g{'kb{5 eg]sf] 5 .Ú k|lbk ;L, kf6L{sf lhNnf ;]qm]6/L ltns
ePsf] 5 / ?;sf] j}b]lzs Jofkf/sf] qm]lDng k|dv ' sf] of] bf]>f] rLg e|d0f ;~rf/dfWodx¿n] ?;n] cfoft ug]{ ljZj Joj:yfdf hf]lvd ylkPsf] pQm kqsf/ ;Dd]ngdf g]skf ;L, kf6L{sf s]Gb|Lo k|ltlglw ;b:ox¿
#@ k|ltzt lx:;f cf]u6]sf] 5 . ;g\ ePsf] 5 . To;f] t utaif{ lrlgofF emG8} &) k|ltzt oflGqs kf6{k"hf{ p;n] cfˆgf] k|ltj]bgdf pNn]v bfªsf ;]qm]6/L ltns ;Ln] kf6L{sf] ljsf; ;L / hgs ;L, k|; ] sfplG;n
@)@# df ?; rLgsf] rf}yf] 7"nf] /fi6«klt l;n] klg d:sf]sf] dxTjk"0f{ / () k|ltzt dfOqmf]On]S6«f]lgS;sf u/]sf] 5 . ?;sf /fi6«kltsf] kl5Nnf] t];f| ] cfjlws of]hgfsf] klxnf] a}7ssf] g]kfnsf s]Gb|Lo ;b:o z/b clwsf/L,
Jofkfl/s ;fem]bf/ ag]sf] lyof] . e|d0f ug'e{ Psf] lyof] . h'g e|d0fkl5 ;fdu|L rLgaf6 hfg]u/]sf] k|rf/ rLg e|d0f ?;–o'qm]g o'4dfdfq lg0f{o;lxtsf] k|]; lj1lKt jfrg g]kfn kqsf/ dxf;+3 bfª zfvfsf
k'l6gsf] xfn}sf] rLg e|d0fn] To;sf] o'qm]gnfO{ ;xof]u ul//x]sf] d'Vot u/]sf 5g\ . jflz+6gn] ?;sf nflu ;Ldt lyPg . vf;df rLg, O/fg, u/]sf lyP . k|; ] lj1lKtdf PsLs[t cWoIf b'uf{nfn s];L nufPtsf] cfltYo
;dLIff ub}{ cfk;L cfly{s ;xof]u / cd]l/sf s]xL kl5x6]sf] lyof] . ?;sf ut d]df 3f]if0ff u/]sf] k|ltaGwdf ?; / pQ/sf] l /of nufotsf hgqmflGtsf ;lxb s=dxfgsf] zflns /x]sf] lyof] . kqsf/ e]63f6 sfo{qmdsf]
Aofkf/nfO{ cem ;' b [ 9 agfpg] /fi6«klt k'l6gsf] ut ;ftf rLgsf] rLg / xª\ s ªdf cfwfl/t @) ;xof]uL /fi6«x¿aLrsf] ;xsfo{nfO{ lgdf{0f ug]{ nufPtsf dxTjk"0f{ lg0f{o ;xhLs/0f hgkqsf/ ;+u7g g]kfn
k|lta4tf hgfPsf] 5 . k'l6gn] rLg e|d0f z'? x'g' cl3 cd]l/sL ljb]z sDkgL;d]t /x]sf 5g\ . h;dWo] yk alnof] agfpg' klg lyof] . h'g u/]sf] pNn]v ul/Psf] 5 . bfªsf cWoIf x]dGt k|sfz jnLn]
e| d 0fsf qmddf cfk" m ;F u } dGqL PG6f]gL lAnGs]gn] ut d+unaf/g} Pp6fn] 8«fg] agfpg k|of]u x'g] ;fdu|L ;xsfo{ d f a] O lhªn] g] t [ T j ub} { pQm kqsf/ e]63f6 sfo{qmddf u/]sf lyP .
pmhf{nufotsf laleGg cfly{s If]qsf
jl/i7 clwsf/Lx¿ ;d]t /x]sf] 7"nf]
k|ltlglwd08n nfg'ePsf] lyof] .
lsesf] crfgs ofqf ug'e{ Psf] lyof] .
cGt/f{li6«o ;dfrf/ ;+:yf ;LPgPgn]
lAnGs]gn] o'qm]gL /fi6«klt ef]nf]l8ld/
lgof{t ug]u{ /]sf] elgPsf] 5eg] csf]{
;+ : yfdfly d:sf] d fly klZrdf
b] z x¿n] nufPsf] k| l jlw;F u
cfPsf] 5 eg] To;nfO{ d:sf]n] klg
:jLsf/ ul/;s]sf] 5 . ?;nfO{ O/fg
/ pQ/sf] l /ofn] v' n ] / } xltof/
clvn ;dfhjfbLsf] s]Gb|Lo ;ldltsf] bf;] f| ] k"0f{ a}7s ;DkGg
sf7df8f}F . clvn g]kfn ljBfyL{ pTkfbg laefu tyf cfO{6L ljefusf]
h;df ljQsf ;fy} 7"nf pBf]u / h]nG] :sL;Fu e]6u/L ?;–o'qm]g o'4sf] ;DalGwt k|ltaGwnfO{ ljkmn agfpg ;xof]u u/]sf 5g\ . To;}n] casf] o"lgog -;dfhjfbL_sf] s]Gb|Lo ;ldltsf] OGrfh{sf] lhDd]jf/L ;lrj slkn ;L,
vfgL;Fu ;Da4 ljzfn sDkgLsf kl5Nnf] cj:yfsfaf/]df 5nkmn ;3fPsf] cf/f] k nufOPsf] 5 . cj:yfdf cd]l/sf o'qm]g dfldnfdf bf];f| ] k"0f{ a}7s ;f]daf/ ;DkGg ePsf] n'lDagL k|bz] OGrfh{sf] lhDd]jf/L ;lrj
k|dv' x¿ klg /x]sf lyP . k'l6gsf] ug'{ePsf] pNn]v u/]sf] lyof] . ?;L rLgn] e g] d:sf] ; F u sf] cfˆgf] k5fl8 x6]geg] p;dfly rf}tkmL{ 5 . pQm a}7s cWoIf g/]Gb| ;L n] dbg ;L, dw]; tyf gf/fo0fLsf] OGrfh{sf]
e|d0fsf qmddf g]tfåosf aLrdf ;]gfn] ut;ftfdfq} k"jL{ o'qm]gdf Jofkf/sf] k|lt/Iff ub}{ 3fts xltof/ xdnf / gfsfaGbLsf] ;+efjgf a9]sf] k|:tfljt u/]sf] ;+u7gsf] k|:tfjdfly lhDd]jf/L ;lrj c6n ;L, u08sL
cGt/f{ l i6« o dfldnfx¿df ;d] t dxTjk"0f{ ;kmntf xflzn u/]sf] ga]r]sf] / bf]xf]/f] pkof]usf] j:t'sf] 5 . ?;sf /fi6«kltsf] xfn}sf] rLg Jofks ax; / 5nkmn u/L Psdtn] k|bz] sf] OGrfh{sf] lhDd]jf/L k|sfz ;L
Aofks 5nkmn ePsf] kfOPsf] 5 . lyof] . To;qmddf h] n ] G :sLn] lgof{tdf laj]sk"0f{ / lgod;+ut 9+un] e|d0fn] g]kfndf cd]l/sL k|efjnfO{ kfl/t ub}{ ;DkGg ePsf] xf] . pQm a}7sn] / s0ff{nL k|bz ] OGrfh{sf] lhDd]jf/L
To;qmddf o;jif{sf] cGTodf ?;sf] lAnGs]gnfO{ o'qm]gL ;]gfnfO{ yk ;}Go ;Gt'ng sfod u/]sf] bfaL ub}{ cfPsf] sd u/fpg yk d2t ug] { 5 .
cWoIftfdf x'g] la|S; ;Dd]ng / ;xof] u pknAw u/fpg cfu| x 5 . klZrdf b] z x¿n] ?;dfly g]kfnsf zf;sx¿ ?;–o'qm]gsf]
rLgsf] g]t[Tjdf x'g] zf+3fO{ ;xof]u ug'e{ Psf] lyof] . h;df yk xjfO{ ljleGg lsl;dsf k|ltaGw nufPkl5 dfldnfdf o'qm]g / Oh/fon–xdf;sf]
;+ u 7gsf] a} 7 ssf ljifodf /Iff ;xof]u klg ;dfj]z 5 . ?;n] rLg clxn] ?;sf lglDt sf/, dfldnfdf Oh/fonsf] kIfdf /xFb}
5nkmnx¿ ePsf lyP . To;qmddf o'qm]gdfly ;g\ @)@@ sf] km]ac '| /Ldf nQfsk8f / sRrf kbfy{ k7fpg] cfPsf 5g\ . Kofn]li6gLx¿nfO{ t
zLto'4sfnLg dfgl;stf cem} klg cfqmd0f u/] k l5 rLg / ?;df d'Vo lgof{tstf{ ePsf] 5 . rLgn] g]kfnn] …cft+ssf/LÚ s/f/ u/]sf]
sfod} /x]sf] tyf PskIfLojfb, /fi6«kltsf aLrdf tLg k6s e]6 ;fj{hlgs u/]sf] Ps tYof+scg';f/ 5 / O/fgsf];d]t v'n]/ la/f]w ;+u7gsf kbflwsf/LnfO{ ;ft j6} k|bz ] sf] k|sfz ;L, sf]zL k|b]z OGrfh{sf]
cflwkTojfb, u'6 6s/fj / zlQm eO;s]sf] 5 . h;df rLgn] jftf{sf ;g\ @)@! otf rLg / ?;aLrsf] u/]sf] 5 . olb rLg, O/fg, ?; / O~rfh{sf] lhDd]jf/L tf]ss
] f] 5 . a}7sn] lhDd]jf/L gt;f ;L / ;'b/' klZrd
/fhgLltn] ljZj zflGt / ;a} dfWodaf6 ;d:ofsf] ;dfwfgug{ hf]8 Jofkf/ ^$ k|ltztn] a9]/ b'O{ va{ pQ/sf]l/of nufotsf] u7aGwg pkTosf / tfD;fln+usf] OGrfh{sf] OGrfh{sf] lhDd]jf/L sf]iffWoIf aa/hË
b]zx¿sf] ;'/IffnfO{ vt/fdf kf/]sf] lbPsf] 5eg] ?;L /fi6«klt k'l6gn] $) ca{ 8n/sf] pRr laGb'df k'us ] f] alnof] eof]eg] g]kfnsf] /fhgLltdf lhDd]jf/L ;+u7gsf pkfWoIf nlnt ;L, ;LnfO{ lbPsf] 5 .
laifodf klg 5n˜kmn ePsf] lyof] . jftf{sf nflu cfk"m ;w}F tof/ /x]sf] 5 . h;cg';f/ ?;n] rLgaf6 !!! klg 7"nf] kl/jt{g cfpg] ;+efjgf ljZjljBfno / ;L6LO{eL6Lsf] O~rfh{sf] o;}u/L, a}7sn] ;+u7gsf jl/i7
Kofn]i6fOg–Oh/fonL åGbnfO{ tTsfn atfpFb} cfpg' ePsf] 5 . k'l6gsf] ca{ 8n/sf] cfoft u/]sf] kfOPsf] 5 . h;nfO{ g]kfnsf] qmflGtsf/L lhDd]jf/L ;+u7gsf dxf;lrj k|sf; s]Gb|Lo ;b:onfO{ ;xOGrfh{sf] lhDd]jf/L
;dfwfg ug{] laifodf klg 5nkmn rLg e|d0fcl3 ?;sf nflu lrlgofF 5eg] rLgnfO{ sl/j !@( ca{ zlQmn] cfˆgf] kIfdf kfg]{ k|of; ;LnfO{ lbPsf] 5 eg] s]Gb|Lo sfo{nosf] lbPsf] 5 . pQm a}7ssf] pb\3f6g
ePsf] 5 . g] t fåosfaLrdf /fhb" t emfª xfgx' O { n ] Unf] a n 8n/sf] lgof{t u/]sf] lyof] . ;g\ ug'{kb{5 . OGrfh{sf] lhDd]jf/L ;lrj k|Lltdf ;L, dxf;lrj ljKnj ;Ln] u/]sf lyP .
 4 @)*! ;fn h]7 ^ ut] cfOtaf/
ljb]zL;“u C0f lng] xf]Og\, /fhZj p7fpg]tkm{ s]lGb|t xf];\ casf] ah]6 Û
Kfl5Nnf] ;do w] / } >ldsn]
kfl/>lds gkfPsf] cj:yf 5 .
k| f Oe] 6 clkm;, ;+ 3 ;+ : yfdf sfd
ug]{x¿sf] jiff}{+b]lvsf] tna afFsL
5 . ;/sf/n] tf] s ] s f] tna t
5f] 8 f} + , sDkgLn] lbg] eg] s f] Go" g
tna klg lbPsf] 5} g \ . h;n]
ubf{ sfd u/] / vfg] ju{ dsf{ d f
k/] s f 5g\ .
laxfg vfP, a]n'sf s] vfpmFsf]
cj:yfdf 5g\, ;j{;fwf/0f . t/,
hgk|ltlglw, ;/sf/sf] axfn/t /
e"k" sd{rf/LnfO{ o;n] s'g} k|efj
kf/]sf] 5}g\ . dlxgf gdb}{ ;/sf/n]
vftfdf tna xflnlbG5, c? s]
rflxof] < b] z sf] /fi6| k lt,
k|wfgdGqL, pkk|wfgdGqL, dGqL,
;efd'v, ;f+;b\x¿sf] kbcg';f/
tna x'G5 .
ToxLcg';f/sf] ;]jf;'ljwf /
a} 7 s eQf klg lbOG5 . otf,
:yfgLo hgk|ltlglwnfO{ klg tna
lbg] Joj:yf 5 . d]o/, pkd]o/,
j8fWoIfnufotn] klg tna / eQf
a' e m\ 5 g\ . ;/sf/L sd{ r f/Lsf]
xsdf klg ToxL xf] . kbcg';f/
tna / ;] j f;' l jwf, cjsfz
kfPkl5 klg k]G;g .
sfd} gul/sg tna kfpF5g\,
slt cfgGb . hgtfn] lt/] s f]
s/af6 tnaeQf vfg]x¿
k'mls/xFbf hgtf ;'ls/x]sf 5g\ .
tna gkfpF b f ;j{ ; fwf/0fnfO{
hLljsf]kfh{g ug}{ ufx|f] k/]sf] 5 .
;/sf/n] hgk| l tlglw, ;/sf/L
sd{ r f/LnfO{ rf8kj{ k] Z sLb] l v
!) dlxgfdf ^) k|ltzt ah]6 vr{ g]kfn 6]lnsdsf] gfkmf #=^# k|ltztn] j[l4
sf7df8f}F . dxfn]vf lgoGqs
sfof{ n on] ;fj{ h lgs u/] s f]
tYof+scg';f/ rfn' cfly{s jif{sf]
!) dlxgfdf ;/sf/sf] ah]6 vr{
^) k|ltzt xf/fxf/L b]lvPsf] 5 .
j} z fv d;fGt;Dddf jflif{ s
ljlgof] h gsf] ^) bzdnj #%
k|ltzt cyf{t\ !) va{ %^ ca{
*( nfv @$ xhf/ a/fa/ vr{
ePsf] hgfPsf] 5 . ;/sf/n] rfn'
cfly{s jif{sf nflu !& va{ %!
ca{ #! s/f]8 @! nfv a/fa/sf]
ah] 6 NofPsf] lyof] . j} z fv
d;fGt;Dddf rfn'uttkm{ jflif{s
ljlgof] h gsf] ^% bzdnj (!
k| l tzt vr{ ePsf] 5 . rfn'
zLif{sdf !! va{ $! ca{ &*
s/f] 8 $! nfv a/fa/ jflif{ s
af6f] sf6\bf h]a|f qml;ªaf6
dfq af6f] sf6f}+ .
lnP/ pkrf/ vr{;d]t k|bfg u5{ .
t/, hgtfn] s] kfpF 5 g\ <
pkrf/ gkfP/ hgtf /f]u kfn]/
a;]sf 5g\ . ;/sf/n] Go"gtd !&
xhf/ tLg ;o ¿k}ofF dfl;s tna
tf]s]sf] 5 . t/, s;n] rfFlx of]
lgodsf] kfngf u/]sf] 5 < clxn]
klg tLg xhf/b]lv !) xhf/;Dd
sfd ug{ afWo 5g\, ;j{;fwf/0f .
;/sf/n] laxfg !) b]lv a]n'sL
% ah] ; Dd eg] s f] 5 . oBlk,
sfdrfFlx laxfg ( ah]b]lv a]n'sL
& ah];Dd nufpF5 . ;fj{hlgs
labfsf lbg klg sfd nufOG5 .
;/sf/n] a}+sdfkm{t\ tna lbg'kg]{
gLlt agfPsf] 5 . t/,
/f]huf/bftfx¿n] To;sf] klg wHhL
p8fPsf 5g\ .
Jofkf/ Joj;fodf dGbL
b] l vPsf] eGb} lghL sDkgL,
k;n]x¿n] tna lbO/x]sf 5}gg\ .
h;n] ubf{ sfdbf/x¿ dsf{ d f
k/] s f 5g\ . sfd 5f] 8 f} + , csf] {
7fpFdf kfpg d'lZsn, kfOxfn] klg
tna glbg] . otf, cfk"mn] sfd
u/]sf] tna klg 5f]8\g'kg]{ afWotf .
cfd ;j{;fwf/0f ;d:o} ;d:ofn]
3]l/Psf 5g\ .
Jff:tjdf eGg] xf] eg] cfd
;j{ ; fwf/0f s/ ltg} { g;Sg]
cj:yfdf k'lu;s]sf 5g\ . h;sf
sf/0f d' n ' s ljb] z L C0fsf]
bnbndf km;]sf] 5 . ;/sf/ ;:tf]
nf]slk|otfsf] k5fl8 nfu]sf] 5 .
clg s;/L d'n's rN5 < /fi6«klt,
k|wfgdGqLnufotn] dfl;s nfvf}+
ljlgof]hg ePsf]df xfn;Dd ;ft
va{ %@ ca{ %% s/f]8 &# nfv
a/fa/ vr{ ePsf] 5 .
k'FhLut zLif{sdf ? tLg va{
b' O { ca{ ;ft s/f] 8 $$ nfv
a/fa/ jflif{s ljlgof]gh ePsf]df
j}zfv d;fGt;Dd jflif{s nIosf]
#& bzdnj )$ k|ltzt cyf{t\
Ps va{ !! ca{ ** s/f]8 @(
xhf/ a/fa/ vr{ ePsf] 5 .
To;} u /L, ljQLo Joj:yf
zLif{sdf ^@ bzdnj ^ k|ltzt
vr{ ePsf] 5 . of] zLif{sdf tLg
va{ ;ft ca{ $% s/f]8 #^ nfv
a/fa/ ljlgof]hg ePsf]df j}zfv
d;fGt;Dddf Ps va{ (@ ca{ $%
nfv @@ xhf/ a/fa/ vr{ ePsf]
xf] . ;f] cjlwsf] s' n ;/sf/L
¿k}ofF tna lnG5g\ .
t/, ltgn] s/ lt/]sf 5}gg\ .
tnaaf6 @) k|ltzt s/ sf6\g]
lg0f{o u¥of} . axfn/t xf];\ of e"k"
sd{ r f/Lsf] tnaaf6 klg s/
sf6f}+ . Ho]i7 gful/s, Psn dlxnf,
la/fdLx¿n] kfpg] eQfaf6 klg s/
lng] lg0f{o ug{'k5{ . otf, lghL
cg';f yfkf
sfof{nodf sfd ug]{x¿sf] tna
klg a}+s vftfdfkm{t\ dfq lbg] gLlt
Nofpg'k5{ .
oxfF t lng] dfq} eP, clg
;/sf/L vr{ s;/L wfG5 < ;/sf/n]
of] lg0f{ o ug] { xf] eg] /fHosf]
9's'6Ldf /fhZj klg cfpF5, otf
sfdbf/x¿n] dfl;s tna klg
kfpF 5 g\ . cGo d' n ' s n] ;a}
If]qaf6 s/ p7fO/x]sf 5g\ . ToxL
eP/ ToxfF ljsf; eO/x]sf] 5 .
oxfF t ;:tf] nf]slk|otf sdfpg]
v]n /lrPsf] 5 .
clg s;/L b]z aG5 < x/]sn]
s/ ltg{ ' k 5{ . /fi6« k ltb] l v
:yfgLotxsf hgk|ltlglw;Dd vfg],
t/ lbg] sf] x L 5} g \ . ljleGg
/fh:j ;+sng jflif{s nIosf] %*
bzdnj b'O{ k|ltzt 5 . rfn'
cfjdf !$ va{ &@ ca{ $* s/f]8
$& a/fa/ /fh:j p7fpg] nIo
/x]sf]df j}zfv d;fGt;Dddf cf7
va{ %& ca{ b'O{ s/f]8 *) nfv
a/fa/ c;'nL ePsf] 5 .
s/ /fh:jtkm{ !# va{ kfFr
ca{ $& s/f]8 (^ nfv a/fa/sf]
jflif{s nIo /x]sf]df xfn;Dd %&
bzdnj @! k|ltzt cyf{t\ ?=
;ft va{ $^ ca{ *# s/f]8 @*
nfv a/fa/ p7] s f] 5 . To:t} ,
u}/s/ /fh:jtkm{ Ps va{ !& ca{
5 s/f]8 @! nfv a/fa/ nIo
/x]sf]df &@ bzdnj ;ft k|ltzt
cyf{t\ *% ca{ !) s/f]8 rf/ nfv
a/fa/ c;'nL ePsf] 5 .
To:t}, $( ca{ ($ s/f]8 #)
nfv a/fa/ j}b]lzs cg'bfg lng]
;/sf/L nIo /x]sf]df xfn;Dd
nIosf] kfFr bzdnj %@ k|ltzt
cyf{t\ b'O{ ca{ &% s/f]8 *) nfv
a/fa/ cg'bfg lnOPsf] 5 .
lgsfodf xhf/f}+ s/f/sf sd{rf/L
sfo{ / t 5g\ . ltgn] klg s/
ltb}{gg\ . ;/sf/n] dlxgfsf] z'?d}
xf]Og\, dlxgf d/]kl5 dfq} tna /
k]G;g lbg'k5{ .
Tof] k};f a}+sdf nu]/ /fVof] eg]
;/sf/nfO{ Aofh t cfpF5 . tna
a'em\g]x¿nfO{ kmfObf ePsf] xf]nf
t/ /fHonfO{ t 7"nf] Iflt eO/x]sf]
5 . /fHo ;~rfnsx¿ nf]eL eP .
cfk" m nfO{ s;/L kmfObf x' G 5
eGg] t km{ pgLx¿ nfu] . cfˆgf]
xslxtdf sfg"g agfPsf 5g\, b]z
/ hgtf hfcf];\ …ef8Ú df .
h;/L x'G5, cfk"mnfO{ kmfObf
u/fpg]d} pgLx¿sf] Wofg s]lGb|t
5 . ;/sf/n] x/]s ah]6 efif0fdf
;/sf/L sd{ r f/Lsf] tna /
;]jf;'ljwf a9fpF5 . s/rfFlx p7]sf]
5}g\ clg tnaeQf / ;]jf;'ljwf
dfq} a9fO/xg] < ;/sf/n] casf]
ah] 6 efif0fdf s/ p7fpg]
;|f]trfFlx vf]hf];\ .
Pp6f rlr{t pvfg 5, …3fF6L
x] / ] / xf8 lgNg' k 5{ .Ú cfˆgf]
cfly{s:t/ / ;fdYo{n] Eofpg]eGbf
a9La9L vf]Hbf b'3{6gf x'g ;S5
eGg vf] l hPsf] 5 . /fHosf]
9' s ' 6 Ldf k} ; frfF l x 5} g \ clg
;]jf;'ljwfrfFlx a9fPsf] a9fP} .
;/sf/n] 3/axfn s/ tLg
bzsb]lv a9fPsf] 5}g\ .
!) k| l tztd} ;Lldt 5 .
3/ef8f t jif}{lkR5] a9fPsf 5g\,
3/wgLn] . ca 3/axfn s/ klg
@) k|ltzt agfcf}+ . Pp6f sf]7f
sf7df8f} F . g] k fn 6] l nsdn]
rfn' cfly{s jif{sf] t];|f] q}df;;Dd
% ca{ %( s/f]8 #& nfv ¿k}ofF
v'b gfkmf cfhg{ u/]sf] hgfPsf]
5 . 6] l nsdn] ;f] d af/ rfn'
cfly{s jif{ @)*)/*! sf] t];|f]
q}dfl;s ljQLo ljj/0f ;fj{hlgs
ub}{ % ca{ %( s/f]8 #& nfv
¿k} o fF v' b gfkmf cfhg{ u/] s f]
hgfPsf] xf] . 6]lnsdsf] of] gfkmf
cl3Nnf] cfly{ s jif{ s f] t] ; | f ]
q} d f;;Ddsf] t' n gfdf #=#%
k| l tztn] a9L xf] . ut jif{
@) xhf/ ¿k}ofFdf ef8fdf nufpg]
clg s/rfFlx kfFr ;o ¿k}ofF ltg]{ .
;/sf/n] sf]7fef8f klg a}+sdfkm{t\
ltg]{ Joj:yf ldnfpg'k5{ .
3/wgLx¿ axfnjfnf /
;/sf/nfO{ r';]/ cfk"m df]6fO/x]sf
5g\ . 3/hUuf klg ahf/sf]
d"Nofª\sgcg';f/ s/ p7fpg'k5{ .
Ps s/f]8df hUuf a]r]sf] 5 eg]
Ps s/f]8s} s/ lng'k5{ . Pp6fn]
Ps s/f]8df a]R5, csf]{n] a]R5
t/ dfnkf]tdf @) nfvdf lsg]sf]
eg]sf] *) nfvsf] s/ 5N5 .
s/ ltg{ gdfGg] s f] hUUff
gfd;f/L klg gug]{, 3/af6f] klg
glbg] . Pp6f 3/ x'g]nfO{ 3/]n' /
b' O { j6feGbf dfly ePsfnfO{
sDkgLdf nu]/ k~hLs/0f ug]{ gLlt
Nofpg'k5{ . 3/hUuf u/]/ s/f]8f}+sf]
nufgL ul/Psf] 5 t/ /fhZj eg]
z" G o . 3/ef8fdf nufP/ Pp6}
3/wgLn] dfl;s s/f] 8 ;Dd
p7fpF5g\ .
oBlk, /fhZj ltb} { g g\ .
;/sf/n] ca cfpg] ah]6 efif0fdf
oL s' / f ;d] 6 \ g h?/L 5 .
;fj{ h lgs oftfoftsf] k| T o] s ^
dlxgfdf ul/g] ?6 k/ld6,
hfF r kf; / k| b " i f0fafkt rf/
;ob] l v cf7 ;o ¿k} o fF lt5{ g \ .
of] klg bf] A a/ ul/lbof] eg]
/fHonfO{ w] / } /fhZj cfpF 5 .
k~hLs/0f kfF r jif{ ; Dd
gjLs/0f ug{ ' k b} { g \ . Psk6s
k~hLs/0f ubf{ kfFr xhf/ ¿k}ofF
ltg{'k5{ . of] jif}{lkR5] gjLs/0f ug]{
6]lnsdn] % ca{ $! s/f]8 !(
nfv ¿k}ofF gfkmf sdfPsf] lyof] .
r} t ;Dd cfOk' U bf sDkgLsf]
;~rfng cfDbfgL eg] 36]sf] 5 .
6]lnsdn] ut jif{ @& ca{ #$
s/f]8 ¿k}ofF ;~rfnu cfDbfgL
u/] s f] lyof] . xfn sDkgLsf]
;~rfng cfDbfgL 36]/ @% ca{
$* s/f]8 ¿k}ofFdf em/]sf]
o:t}, ljQLo cfDbfgL klg %
5.
ca{
&) s/f] 8 af6 36] / % ca{
s/f]8 ¿k}ofFdf em/]sf] 5 .
!*
6]lnsdsf] cGo ;|f]taf6 x'g]
Joj:yf ldnfpg'k5{ . #) nfvb]lv
*) nfv ¿k}ofF;Dd uf8L lsga]r
x'G5 . t/, gfd;f/Lafkt hDdf
*)) ;o ¿k}ofF lt5{g\ . ;/sf/n]
ca k| l tztsf] lx;fadf s/
p7fpg'k5{ .
lghL Kn]6sf uf8Lx¿nfO{ klg
sDkgLdf n} h fg] elg ah] 6
efif0fdf Nofpg' k 5{ . o;sf] klg
hfF r kfF ; , k| b " i f0f / ?6 k/ld6
ul/lbg] lg0f{o ug{ h?/L b]lvPsf]
5 . lghL Kn] 6 sf uf8Ldf tLg
nfvb] l v @% s/f] 8 ¿k} o fF ; Dd
nufgL 5 . t/, /fHo l/Q} 5 .
lghL Kn] 6 sf ;jf/L;d] t ef8fdf
nufP/ cfDbfgL ul/G5 .
oBlk, /fHon] /fhZj kfPsf]
5}g\ . 3/]n' / sDkgLdf guPsf uf8L
/ 3/sf] gfd;f/L /f]lslbg] . ;o
¿k}ofF sf] ;]o/nfO{ Jofkf/Ln] !% b]lv
!^ ;o ¿k}ofFdf a]lr/x]sf 5g\ .
t/, s/ t ;o ¿k}ofFs} ltl/G5 .
!% ;osf] /fhZj 5lnG5 . ;fgf
Jofkf/Ln] ;d]t lbgdf @) xhf/
¿k}ofFsf] Jofkf/ u5{g\ .
oBlk, /fhZj t ltb}{gg\ . 7"nf
Jofkf/Ln] cl86 ug]{ a]nfdf 3f6f
b]vfOlbG5g\ . ;/sf/ k};f lt/]kl5
lan lng' eG5 . t/, g Jofkf/Ln]
lan lbG5 g ;j{;fwf/0fn] dfU5g\ .
oftfoft Joj;foLn] ef8f lnG5g\
t/ lan lbF b } g g\ . ca ;a} l t/
lalnª l;:6d agfcf}+ . /fHosf]
casf] ah]6 efif0f s/ p7fpg]lt/
s] l Gb| t xf] ; \ gls ljb] z L C0f
lng]tkm{ .
cfDbfgL eg] a9]sf] 5 . pQm cfDbfgL
!^ s/f]8 !! nfv ¿k}ofFaf6 a9]/
%# s/f]8 ¿k}ofF k'us ] f] 5 . xfn
sDkgLsf] r'Qmf k'h
F L !* ca{ ¿k}ofF
/x]sf] 5 . 6]lnsdsf] l/he{ sf]ifdf
&$ ca{ ## s/f]8 ¿k}ofF /x]sf] 5 .
sDkgLsf] gfkmf a9];Fu} k|lt;]o/
cfDbfgL klg a9]sf] 5 . xfn sDkgLsf]
k|lt;]o/ cfDbfgL clxn] a9]/ $!
¿k}ofF $$ k};f 5 . ut jif{ k|lt;]o/
cfDbfgL $) ¿k}ofF ( k};f lyof] .
sDkgLsf] k|lt;]o/ g]6jy{ % ;o !@
¿k}ofF (( k};f 5 .
 @)*! ;fn h]7 ^ ut] cfOtaf/
s;/L agfOG5 PcfO{ k|ljlw clg s;/L u5{ sfd <
sf7df8f} F . cfl6{ l kml;on
OG6]lnh]G; -PcfO{_ eg]sf] dl;gdf
dflg;sf] lbdfuL Ifdtf e/]/ dl;gnfO{
dflg;n] h:t}u/L ;f]Rg ;Ifd agfpg'
xf] . of] k|ljlwnfO{ ;lhnf];uF a'‰gsf]
nflu tkfO{ cfl6{lkml;on OG6]lnh]G;
-PcfO{_ n] s;/L sfd u5{ eGg] s'/f
hfGg h?/L 5 .
jf:tjdf PcfO{ sDKo'6/ lj1fgsf]
Ps If]q xf], h;n] dflg;sf] lbdfusf]
k|of]u u5{ . PcfO{ l;:6d cfkm}+ rNb}g,
o;df 8]6f cyf{t\ ;"rgf tyf tYofÍ
xfNg'k5{, h;sf] Ps vfnsf] …8]6f ;f];Ú{
-tYofÍsf] ;|ft] _ x'G5 . clg PcfO{
l;:6dn] To;nfO{ k|f; ] ;
] -k|zf]wg_
u5{ . ;'?df tflnd lbPsf] tl/sfaf6
df]8n ] agfpF5 / 8]6fsf] lx;fan]
kl/0ffd lbG5, cGt/lqmof u5{ jf
dfgj lbdfusf] gSsn u5{ . PcfO{df
hlt w]/} 8]6f xflnG5, Tof] Tolt g}
/fd|f] aGb} hfG5 . t/ ;a} PcfO{
l;:6dx¿sf nflu 7"nf 8]6f ;f];s { f]
cfjZostf kb}g{ . vf;df …lau 8]6fÚ
-7"nf tYofÍ_ PcfO{sf] clt dxTjk"0f{
kIf xf] . PcfO{nfO{ sfd ug{sf] nflu
d'Vo rf/ k|lqmofsf] cfjZostf k5{,
dl;g nlg{ª, Go'/n g]6js{, 8]6f tyf
8]6f k|f; ] l] ;ª / PNuf]l/bd .
dl;g nlg{ ª -PdPn_ nfO{
kmfpG8];g ckm PcfO{ cyf{t\ PcfO{sf]
hu elgG5 . o;sf] ;f]emf] dtna
x'G5 dl;gnfO{ dflg;sf] lbdfun]
s;/L sfd u5{ eg]/ l;sfpg' . o;sf
nflu dl;g nlg{ª 6'ndf hlt 8]6f
xflnG5, ltaf6 PcfO{ l;:6d, 8]6f
;]6 lgdf{0f x'G5 .
dl;g nlg{ªsf] k|lqmofaf6 8]6faf6
PcfO{ l;:6dsf] l;sfO x'G5 . t/ 8]6f
k|f;] ; ] ug{sf] nflu 8]6faf6 pkof]uL
hfgsf/L lgsfNgsf] nflu ;ˆ6j]o/
k|fu] f| d / PNuf]l/bdsf] cfjZostf t
k5{ g} . ca 8]6f olt w]/} dfqfdf
x'G5 ls, To;nfO{ 8]6fsf] lk/fld8 g}
klg eGg ;lsG5 . oxL 8]6fnfO{ k|f; ] ; ]
ug{ s f] nflu ul0ftLo df] 8 ] n sf]
cfjZostf k5{ . …Od]h Snfl;lkms];gÚ
o;sf] Pp6f pbfx/0f xf] . h:t} tkfO{+
sltko j]a;fO6df hfg'xG' 5, ToxfF w]/}
kmf]6f]x¿dWo] h;df 6«flkms nfO6
b]vfOPsf] x'G5, To;nfO{ 5gf}6 ug{
elgG5 . h'g kmf]6f]df la/fnf] ag]sf]
5, To;nfO{ klxrfg ug{x' f];\ elgG5 .
tkfO{n + ] ;xL kmf]6f] 5fGg' ePsf] 5 jf
5}g eGg] l;:6dnfO{ s;/L yfxf x'G5
< xf], oxL xf] dl;g nlg{ª .
PcfO{sf] csf]{ dxTjk"0f{ cË xf],
Go'/n g]6js{, h;nfO{ …ljlN8ª AnS;
ckm PcfO{Ú klg elgG5 . vf;df PcfO{
l;:6dsf] dl;g nlg{ª Go'/n g]6js{s}
sf/0f x'G5 . h'g h}ljstfaf6 k|l] /t
Go'/n g]6js{ cfls{6S] r/ xf] . h;/L
dflg;sf] lbdfusf Go'/f]gx¿ cyf{t\
g;fx¿ cfk;df hf]l8Psf x'G5g\,
To;} u/L Go'/n g]6js{df cg]s y/Lsf
lx8g n]o;{ -cb[Zo txx¿_ x'G5g\ .
ltg} txx¿ aLraf6 u'lh|bF } 8]6f k|f; ] ; ]
-k|zf]wg_ x'G5 . txut ¿kdf 8]6f
u'lh|b+ f dl;gsf] l8k nlg{ª r/0fdf
k|jz ] u5{ . o;df ;a} 8]6fdf /x]sf]
sg]S;gnfO{ hf]8b\ } hfFbf PcfO{ l;:6dn]
/fd|f] kl/0ffd lbG5 .
o;sf] tl/sf lgDg cg';f/ x'G5
klxn] OGk'6 -8]6f lelqg]_ txn]
8]6f k|fKt u5{ . lx8g n]o/ -cb[Zo
tx_ n] 8]6fnfO{ k|f; ] ;] -k|zf]wg_ u5{ .
cflv/df cfp6k'6 n]o/ -aflxl/g] tx_
dfkm{ t \ kl/0ffd lgl:sG5 .
cfl6{lkml;on OG6]lnh]G;sf] nflu
;a}eGbf dxTjk"0f{ 8]6f g} x'G5 .
8]6fnfO{ …ˆo'n km/ PcfO{ l;:6dÚ -
PcfO{ k|0ffnLsf] OGwg_ klg elgG5 .
lsgls PcfO{ df]8n ] nfO{ l;sfpgsf]
nflu lagf 8]6f ;]6 s]xL ug{ ;ls+bg} .
o:tf] 8]6f ;]6df cg]s y/Lsf ljz]iftf
x'g h?/L x'G5 . h:tf] ls 8]6f k"0f{
x'gk' 5{, s'g} klg 8]6f x/fPsf] x'gx' bF' g} .
PcfO{ l;:6dn] sfd ug{sf] nflu
8]6fsf] lg/Gt/tf klg rflxG5 . 8]6f
;xL Pj+ tYok/s x'gk' 5{ . To;df s'g}
klg unt 8]6f x'gx' bF' g} . ;fy} 8]6f
cBfjlws ePsf] klg x'gk' 5{ . PcfO{
l;:6dnfO{ tflnd lbgsf] nflu
;fdfGotof tLg k|sf/sf] 8]6f Ogk'6
lbg'k5{, h:t}– :6«Sr8{, cg:6«Sr8{ /
;]dL–:6«Sr8{ 8]6f .
:6«Sr8{ 8]6fdf ldltx¿, :yfgx¿,
qm]l86 sf8{ gDa/x¿, gDa/ l;l/h
jf cGo :6\ofG88{ Ogk'6 ljlwx¿
k5{g\ . :6«Sr8{ 8]6fdf 8]6f hlxn] klg
:6\ofG88{ kmd{o\ f6df x'G5 .
cg:6«Sr8{ 8]6fdf s'g} ljz]if 8]6f
jf ;"rgf x/fPsf] x'G5 . cg:6«Sr8{
6]S:6, kmf]6f], lel8cf]df PcfO{ l;:6dn]
Kof6g{ vf]Hg] sf]lz; u5{ . o;sf] nflu
PcfO{ l;:6dn] PgPnkL -g]r'/n
NofË]jh k|f; ] l] ;ª_, sDKo'6/ lehg jf
cGo tl/sfaf6 8]6fsf] k|f; ] ; ] u5{ .
PcfO{ l;:6d;Fu s'g} klg lk|–
l8kmfOG8 -klxn] g} kl/eflift_ df]8n ] sfd x'G5 ls O{dn
gx'bF f ;]dL–:6«Sr8{ 8]6fsf] k|of]u x'G5 .
of] tl/sfdf 8]6fn] …h]P;cf]PgÚ,
…PS;PdPnÚ / …;LP;eLÚ kmd{\of6
k|of]u u5{g\ . of] tl/sf ckgfpFbf
cg:6«Sr8{ 8]6f ;f];s { f] nfe lng
kfOG5 / tflndsf nflu k|fKt 8]6fnfO{
:6f]/ ug{ ;xh x'G5 .
cfl6{lkml;on OG6]lnh]G;sf] clGtd
dxTjk" 0 f{ cËsf] ¿kdf ;d:of
lg/fs/0fsf] sfd PNuf]l/bdn] u5{ .
PNuf]l/bdnfO{ PcfO{sf] …Aofsaf]gÚ
cyf{t\ d]?b08 klg elgG5 . vf;df
PNuf]l/bD; ul0ftLo k|lqmof xf], h;df
PcfO{ l;:6dn] s;/L l;S5, lg0f{o
lng] Ifdtf s;/L ;'wf/ ug{ ;S5 /
;d:ofsf] lg/fs/0fnfO{ s;/L
Joj:yfkg u5{ eGg] s'/f /x]sf] x'G5 .
PNuf]l/bdaf6 g} sRrf 8]6f sfd
nfos 8]6fdf kl/0ft x'G5 clg u|fxs
/ sDkgLsf] sfddf cfpF5 .
ca tkfO{n + ] Pp6f PcfO{ l;:6dn]
s;/L sfd u5{ eGg] a'lem;s]kl5
o;sf] jf:tljs hLjgsf s] x L
pbfx/0fx¿ x]/f}+ . k|fljlws If]qdf
ePsf] k|ultaf6 dfgj hLjg 3]l/Psf]
5 . dflg;x¿n] laxfgb]lv a]ns ' L;Dd
;fdfGo k|ljlwb]lv gofF vfnsf PcfO{
lkmr/ ePsf l8efO;, k|ljlw / l;:6d
k|of]u ug{ yfln;s]sf 5g\ . cem PcfO{
lkmr/ ePsf k|ljlwsf] k|of]un] dfgj
hLjg ;xh / k|efljt eO/x]sf] 5 .
lgGb|faf6 lapFlemg] lalQs} xfdL
:df6{ kmf]gdf ;f];n ldl8of ck8]6
lgofNg xtfl/G5f}+ . sf]xL afof]dl] 6«s
cgnsaf6 df]afOn vf]N5g\ eg] sf]xL
km]; cfO{8Laf6 . olb tkfO{; + uF PKkn
a|fG8sf] df]afOn 5 / Tof] km];
cfO{8Laf6 v'N5 eg] PKknsf] km];
cfO{8Ldf …ly|8LÚ k|ljlw x'G5 . h;n]
tkfO{s+ f] cg'xf/df #) xhf/ …OGk|mf/]8
86Ú /fV5 / tkfO{s + f] kmf]6f] lnG5 .
To;kl5 dl;g nlg{ª PNuf]l/bdn]
df]afOndf tkfO{s + f] kmf]6f]sf] h'g 8]6f
:6f]/ ePsf] 5, Tof] :Sofg eO/x]sf]
cg'xf/ tkfO{+sf] cg'xf/;Fu d]n
vfO/x]sf] 5 jf 5}g elg t'ngf ub}{
df]afOn vf]Ng] jf gvf]Ng] lg0f{o lnG5 .
PKkn sDkgL eG5 ls p;sf] km];
cfO{8L k|ljlw olt w]/} alnof] 5 ls
p;nfO{ a]as'km agfpg] ;Defjgf !)
nfvdf Ps k6s 5 .
cfˆgf] kmf]g cgns u/]kl5 ha
tkfO{+ ;f];n ldl8of Kn]6kmd{df
hfg' x ' G 5, ta /fte/ cfPsf
gf]l6lkms];g / ck8]6 r]s ug{x' G' 5 .
oxfF PcfO{ g]kYodf a;]/ sfd ul//x]sf]
x'G5 . tkfO{n + fO{ s] b]vfpg] eg]/ lkmN6/
u/]/ tkfO{s + f] l:qmgdf k]; ul/lbG5 .
lsgeg] tkfO{s + f] ;lkm{ª Xofla6 -
j]a;fO6 tyf ;fdflhs ;~hfn x]g{]
afgL_, ;r{ l/hN6, zlkª, tkfO{s + f]
?l6g kf]:6 / kmf]6f], EjfO; sdf08,
nf]s];g cflbsf] cfwf/df PcfO{
l;:6dn] tkfO{n + fO{ s] x]g{ dgk5{ eGg]
s'/f yfxf kfpF5 . tkfO{s + f] ljutsf]
ultljlwsf] cfwf/df g} tkfO{n
l;kmfl/;, zlkªsf nflu ;Nnfx,
vfgfsf ljsNkx¿, ;dfrf/ ck8]6x¿
+ fO{ ;fyL
k7fOG5 . oltdfq} xf]Og, tkfO{n + fO{
unt ;dfrf/, ;fOa/ a'lnªaf6
arfpgsf] nflu klg PcfO{sf] dl;g
nlg{ª k|ljlwn] sfd ul//x]sf] x'G5 .
x/]s lbg clkm; k'Ug] lalQs} xfd|f]
] r]s ug]{ . tkfO{s + f]
l;:6ddf …u|fdnL{Ú jf cGo lxHh] hfFr
ug]{ 6'n PlS6e]6 ePsf] x'g;S5 .
tkfO{+n] n]v]sf] O{d]ndf / jfSo
z'4fz'l4df uNtL gxf];\ eGg oL lxHh]
hfFr ug]{ 6'nn] sfd u5{g\ . o;sf
nflu oL 6'nn] PcfO{ / Gofr'/n
NofË\jh ] k|f;
] l] ;ªsf] k|of]u u5{g\ . ;fy}
tkfO{s + f] OgaS;df O{dn ] k|fKt x'G5,
:kfd d];h ] nfO{ lkmN6/ ug{ klg PcfO{
g} PlS6e]6 eO/x]sf] x'G5 .
z+sf:kb :kfdnfO{ klxrfg u/L
Ans ul/lbG5 . jf:tjdf OG:6n
ePsf PlG6efO/; ;ˆ6j]o/n] klg
dl;g nlg{ª ljlwaf6 g} tkfO{+sf]
O{dn ] nfO{ hf]ufpF5 . xfd|f] l;:6ddf
OG6/g]6 sg]S;g 5 jf 5}g eGg] hfFr
ug{ klg xfdLn] P8«; ] af/df u'un
6fOk u5f}+{ / u'un ;r{ gu/L xfd|f]
Ps lbg klg laTb}g . xfd|f] ;r{
sdfG8df u'unn] k"/} OG6/g]6e/ vf]h/]
plrt kl/0ffd lbG5 . of] ;Dej x'G5,
PcfO{s} sf/0f . ;fy} s'g} klg j]a;fO6,
Anu jf o'6o\ a' Rofgndf h'g lj1fkg
xfdLn] b]V5f},+ Tof] klg PcfO{af6 g}
;lqmo x'G5 .
h:tf] ls tkfO{n + ] s'g} nfdf] lel8cf]
x]//] ;do latfO /xg' ePsf] 5 eg]
PcfO{n] a'‰5 ls tkfO{n + ] Tof] lel8cf]
cjZo klg x]g{ x'G5 / To;df lj1fkg
cfpF5 . pbfx/0fsf nflu tkfO{n + ] s'g}
klg sDkgLsf] af/]df hfGgsf] nflu
To;sf] j]a;fO6 vf]hL /xg' ePsf] 5
/ To;sf] o'6o\ a' Rofgndf k'Ug'eof]
eg] o:tf]df o'6o\ a' Rofgndf sd
;A;qmfOa/ x'bF fx'bF } klg lel8cf]df
lj1fkg b]lvG5 . lsgls hfgsf/L
kfpgsf] nflu tkfO{+ ToxfF s]xL ;dosf]
nflu /f]lsg'xG' 5 . ;f]xL a]nf PcfO{n]
a'‰5 / To;n] ;f] s'/fsf] k"/f kmfObf
lng vf]H5 .
ca kfnf] :df6{ xf]d l8efO;];sf] .
xfd|f] 3/ lbg k|ltlbg :df6{ x'Fb}
uO/x]sf] 5 . cr]n 3/df EjfO;
sdfG8 ePsf l8efO;, ;]G;/o'Qm
nfO6, c6f]dl] 6s tfkqmd ;Gt'ng ug]{
l;:6d k|of]udf cfpg yfln;s]sf
5g\ . :df6{ /]lk|mlh/]6/n] t lk|mhdf
v/fa x'bF } uPsf vfg]s/' f / yKg'kg]{
vfg]s/' fsf] ln:6 g} lbG5g\ . oL ;a}
…cfO{cf]6LÚ -OG6/g]6 ckm lyË\;_
l8efO; x' g \ , h' g PcfO{ a f6 g}
;~rflnt x'G5g\ .
olb zlkªsf nflu tkfO{n + ] cd]hg
h:tf Kn]6kmd{ k|of]u ug{x' G' 5 eg]
To;sf] PcfO{ PNuf]l/bdn] tkfO{+ /
tkfO{+ h:tf dflg;nfO{ s] dgk5{ eGg]
s'/f yfxf kfpF5 . ;f]xL cfwf/df
tkfO{n + fO{ ;fdfgx¿ l;kmfl/; u5{ .
olb xfdLn] s'g} klg Pk 8fpgnf]8
uof}+ { eg] To;n] dfOs, Uofn/L, sG6\ofS6
;Ddsf] kx'r F dfU5 / xfdL To;sf]
kx'Fr lbG5f}+ . olb tkfO{+n] cfˆgf]
Oc/kmf]g v/fa eof] eg] Tof] s'/f
kmf]gsf] dfOssf] dfWodaf6 Pkdf
k'U5 . ToxL+af6 8]6f lkmN6/ u/]/
sDkgL / zlkª j]a;fO6df hfG5 .
tkfO{s + f] zlkª j]a;fO6df s'g} klg
;fdfgsf] l;kmfl/; ul/G5 eg] Tof]
PcfO{af6 eO/x]sf] x'G5 .
lbge/ sfd u/]/ ePsf] ysfg
x6fpg tkfO{+ cf]6L6L Kn]6kmd{df j]a
l;l/h jf lkmNd x]g{ yfNg'xG' 5 . ca
tkfO{n + ] g]6lˆnS; vf]Ng'ePsf] 5 eg]
sDkgLsf] …cfl6{lkml;on OG6]lnh]G;
;kf]68{] l/sd]G8];g OlGhgÚn] tkfO{n + ]
Pkdf klxn] x]/s ] f lkmNd jf j]a l;l/hsf]
cfwf/df p:t} vfnsf yk lkmNd jf
j]a l;l/h x]g{ l;kmfl/; u5{ .
xfd|f] b}lgs hLjg PcfO{af6
;~rflnt, PcfO{sf] ;xof]u k|fKt jf
w]/} k6s /f]hfO{ klg PcfO{s} x'G5 .
cfl6{lkml;on OG6]lnh]G;nfO{ sfd ug{
rf/ k|dv ' k|lqmofsf] cfjZostf k5{ .
h;df dl;g nlg{ªsf] af/]df s]xL ;do
klxn] rrf{ ul/;lsPsf] 5 . ca
h'Qf rKkn Joj;foLåf/f ;dfg eG;f/ b/ sfod ug{ dfu
sf7df8f}F . g]kfn h'Qf rKkn pBf]u
Joj;foL ;+3n] eG;f/ ljefusf
dxflgb] { z s / pBf] u ljefusf
dxflgb]z{ snfO{ 1fkgkq a'emfpFb} pBf]uL
/ Joj;foL b'jn} fO{ sRrf kbfy{ cfoft
ubf{ ;dfg eG;f/ b/ sfod ug{ dfu
u/]sf] 5 . ;+3n] h'Qf rKkn agfpg]
sRrfkbfy{ cfoft ubf{ pBf]uL /
Joj;foLnfO{ km/s–km/s eG;f/ b/
ePsfn] ;dfg eG;f/ b/ sfod ug{
dfu u/]sf] hgfPsf] 5 . To:t} ;+3n]
;fgf tyf 3/]n' pBf]uLx¿sf] ;Lk
ljsf;sf nflu bIf >lds pTkfbgsf
nflu 5'§} ah]6 Joj:yfkg ug{ klg
dfu u/]sf] 5 .
;+3sf cWoIf xl/ jonsf]6Ln] h'Qf
rKknsf] sRrf kbfy{ cfoftdf ;fgf tyf
3/]n' ;a} pBf]uLx¿n] cfoft ug{ g;Sg]
lgoldt df]afOn 8]6f k|of]u ug]{ g]kfnLsf] ;+Vof !# k|ltzt
sf7df8f}F . cGt/f{li6«o b"/;~rf/
tyf ;"rgf ;dfh lbj;sf] cj;/df
g]kfn b"/;~rf/ k|flws/0fn] cfof]hgf
u/]sf] sfo{qmddf g]kfndf lgoldt ¿kdf
df]afOn 8]6f k|of]u ug]{ dflg;sf] ;+Vof
!# k|ltzt dfq} /x]sf] tYo ;fj{hlgs
ePsf] 5 . ;f] sfo{qmdf Pg;]nsf k|dv ' $,))) Pnf{ª (kErl) lyof] . clxn] cfpFbf
;"rgf clwsf/L ljzfndl0f pkfWofon]
;f] tYo k|:t't ub}{ eg]– æ;du|df x]bf{
df]afOn 8]6fsf] k]lg6«;] g -kx'r F tyf
3gTj_ $* k|ltzt hg;+Vofdf k'us ] f]
b]lvG5 . Tof] $* k|ltzt eg]sf]
slxn]sflx+ 8]6f k|of]u ug]x{ ¿sf] ;+Vof
dfq} xf] . jf:tljs tj/df g]kfndf
lgoldt df]afOn 8]6f k|of]u ug]{ hg;+Vof
!# k|ltzt dfq} 5 .Æ
g]kfn df]afOn 8]6f k|of]usf] dfldnfdf
cGo b]zeGbf lgs} k5fl8 5 . ;g\ @)!$
df ;ft k|ltzt hg;+Vofdf dfq :df6{kmf]g
kx'r
F lyof] . h'g clxn] sl/a *) k|ltzt
k'lu;s]sf] 5 . g]kfndf k|To]s u|fxsn]
cf};tdf rf/ hLaL 8]6f dfl;s ¿kdf
k|of]u u5{g\ . ToxL s'/fdf l5d]s b]z
ef/t, aËnfb]z / kfls:tfg lgs} dfly
5g\ . l8;]Da/ @)@@ df cf]6L6Ln]
o;nfO{ lj:t[tdf a'emf}+ .
dl;gnfO{ l;sfpgsf nflu y'k}|
;]Nkm l6lrª k|fu] f| dx¿ x'G5g M h'g
tLg tl/sfsf cfwf/e" t dl;g
nlg{ ª df cfwfl/t x' G 5, klxnf]
cg;'k/efOH8 nlg{ª, bf];f| ] ;'k/efOH8
nlg{ª clg t];f| ] l/OGkmf];d{ G] 6 nlg{ª .
o;nfO{ a' e mfpgsf] nflu xfdL
sf]/f]gfefO/;sf] cfp6a|s ] sf] pbfx/0f
lb+b} 5f}+ . ha sf]le8–!( r/d
cj:yfdf lyof] , ta EoflS;g
agfpgsf] nflu cg';Gwftfn] xhf/f}+
la/fdLsf] d] l 8sn k| f ] k mfOn;F u
hf]l8Psf] 8]6f ;]6df kx'r F agfP .
o;sf nflu efO/; h'g k|fl] 6gaf6
ag]sf] lyof], To;af/] cg';Gwfg ul/of] .
h:tf] ls :kfOs k|fl] 6g . o;}dfly
cg';Gwfg u/]/ EoflS;g pTkfbg ug{'
PcfO{sf] dxTjk"0f{ e"ldsf lyof] . PcfO{
l;:6dn] o:tf] hl6n ;+/rgfnfO{
cWoog u/L xhf/f}+ nfvf}+ sDkf]gG] 6nfO{
ljZn]if0f u/L PsnfO{ vf]H5 . h;n]
dfgj z/L/df ODo'g cyf{t\ k|lt/Iff
ljsf; ug{ ;Ifd x'G5 . ;do;Fu}
EoflS;g alg/xgsf] nflu PcfO{ l;:6d
o:tf sDkf]gG] 6 vf]lh/xG5, h;sf]
Do'68] x'g] jf kl/jt{g x'g] ;Defjgf
/xGg . of] ;Dej x'G5, sDKo'6; ] gn
Pgfln;] ; / dl;g nlg{ ª
PNuf]l/bdaf6 .
PcfO{ l;:6daf6 g} EoflS;g
cg';GwftfnfO{ 8]6f Og;fO6 ldN5 /
lgs6 eljiodf efO/; Do'68] x'G5
jf x'Gg, cWoog ug{ ;xh x'G5 . o;sf
nflu km]l/ lau 8]6f jf 8]6f ;f];s { f]
cfjZostf k5{ , h' g xhf/f} +
k/LIf0ffTds jf jf:tljs ;|ft] x¿af6
k|fKt x'G5 . sf]le8–!( dxfdf/Lsf]
;dodf o:tf 8]6fsf] sdL lyPg,
lsgls k"/} b'lgofF sf]/f]gf efO/;sf]
rk]6fdf lyof] . ;g\ @)!( df g];gn
OlG:6Ro'6 ckm PnhL{ P08 OGkm]lS;o;
l8lhhn] cd]l/sfdf ;a}eGbf klxn]
PcfO{df cfwfl/t ˆn" EoflS;gsf]
lSnlgsn 6«fon u/]sf] lyof] .
To;kl5 lˆnG8;{ ljZjljBfnosf
cj:yf /x]sfn] pBf]uL / Joj;foLnfO{
;dfg eG;f/ b/ sfd ug{' kg]{ dfu ul/Psf]
atfP . pgn] ;/sf/n] :jb]zL h'Qf rKkn
;+/If0fsf nflu ;/sf/n] sRrf kbfy{
cfoftsf qmddf x'g] rf]/L k}7f/L /f]Sg
kxn ug{' kg]{ dfu u/]sf] klg atfP .
u'0f:t/Lo sRrf kbfy{ dfq cfoft
ug{ k|fT] ;flxt ug{' kg]{ ;+3sf] dfu 5 .
Ps cfly{s jif{df af/Daf/ eG;f/ b/
kl/j{tg x'g] k|0ffnLsf] cGTo ug{ klg
dfu ul/Psf] 5 . ;+3n] h'Qf rKkn
pBf]udf k|of]u x'g] sRrf kbfy{
cltcfjZos j:t'df kg]{ ePsfn]
eG;f/b/df ;x'lnotsf] Joj:yf ug{k' g]{
;'emfj lbPsf] 5 .
sf7df8f}+ pkTosf nufot ljleGg
If]qdf /x]/ ;+rfngdf /x]sf pBf]ux¿nfO{
5'§} cf}Bf]lus u|fdsf] Joj:yf ug{k' g]{ tyf
df]afOnaf6 df]afOndf x'g] snnfO{ gf3]/
uof] . ;g\ @)@@ df cf]6L6Lsf nflu #*
6]/fafO6 k|of]u x'g] u/]sf]df cfhsf] lbgdf
!)) 6]/fafO6 hfG5 . ha ls ;g\ @)@@
df EjfO; 6«flkms -Pp6f df]afOnaf6
csf]{ df]afOndf x'g] 6]lnkmf]g sn_ sl/a
Tof] 36]/ #,))) Pnf{ªdf em/]sf] 5 .
o;nfO{ ;]jf k|bfos / /fi6«n] ;dfgfGt/
¿kdf b"/;~rf/ ;]jfaf6 /fh:j
u'dfO/x]sf] ¿kdf cYof{p5F g\ pkfWofo .
o;nfO{ ;Daf]wg ug}k{ g]d{ f pgsf] hf]8
5 . ;g\ @)!^–!& lt/ g]kfnsf] b"/;~rf/
If]q -6]lnsd / OG6/g]6 ;]jf k|bfos
;d]t_ n] Ps va{ ¿k}ofFeGbf a9L cfDbfgL
uYof]{ . h'g clxn] (^ ca{ ¿k}ofFdf
v'lDrPsf] 5 . o;df vf;u/L df]afOn
;]jf k|bfossf] /fh:j lgs} k|efljt ePsf]
5 . @% k|ltztn] pgLx¿sf] cfDbfgL
36]sf] eP klg OG6/g]6 ;]jf k|bfossf]
cfDbfgLdf eg] !)) k|ltzteGbf dflysf]
a[l4 b]lvG5 . t/ l5d]sL b]z aËnfb]z
/ >LnÍfdf df]afOn ;]jf k|bfossf]
cfDbfgL x]g{ ] xf] eg] qmdzM $^ / #*
k|ltztn] a[l4 ePsf] b]lvG5 .
5
j}1flgsn] l;Gy]l6s s]ld:6 gfds
PcfO{ 6'nsf] d2tn] EoflS;g agfPsf
lyP . To;kl5 j} 1 flgsn] …;r{
PNuf]l/bd km/ lnu]G8\; -P;PPd_Ú
gfds PcfO{ k|fu] f| d k|of]u u/] . h'g
caf}+{ vaf}+{ PNuf]l/bdx¿ dWo] Ps /fd|f]
EoflS;g agfpg d2t ug]{ PsnfO{
klxrfg uYof{] . EoflS;g agfpg nfUg]
sof}+ jif{x¿sf] k|lqmofnfO{ PcfO{n] sd
ul/lbof] . s'g} efO/;nfO{ cWoog
ug]b{ l] v EoflS;g pTkfbg ug]; { Ddsf]
sfdsf nflu PcfO{sf] cg;'k/efOH8
nlg{ ª , ;' k /efOH8 nlg{ ª /
l/OGkmf];d{ G] 6 nlg{ª g} k|of]u x'G5 .
s]xL ;do cl3 ;'hg rfkfufO{s + f]
…k"mnÚ uLt gf/fo0f uf]kfnsf] cfjfhdf
ePsf] ;'lgof] . :juL{o ufos gf/fo0f
uf]kfnn] of] uLt ufpg ;Sg' s;/L
eof] < of] klg PcfO{sf] Ps cË
h]g/] l] 6e PcfO{sf] sdfn xf] . o:tf]
h]g/] l] 6e PcfO{ 6'nn] uLt ufpg] z}nL,
cfjfhsf] lkr nufot klxrfg u/]/
tkfO{s + f] cfjfhnfO{ s'g} rlr{t ufos
jf ;]lnla|6Lsf] cfjfhdf abNg ;S5 .
h]g]/]l6e PcfO{ 6]S:6, kmf]6f],
lel8cf] l8hfOg jf cl8cf] gf]6 jf
cGo s'g} Ogk'6sf] dfWoddf 8]6f lnG5
/ cnu cnu PcfO{ PNuf]l/bdsf]
d2tn] x'ax' gSsn tof/ kf5{ .
o:tf]df kmf]6f], cl8cf], :j/, lgaGw,
;d:ofsf lg/fs/0f, l8k km]s sG6]G6
klg x'G5g\ . Rof6 hLkL6L, af8{ PcfO{,
cetf/ PcfO{, dfOqmf];ˆ6 laËsf]
Od]h lqmo6/ s]xL h]g/]l6e PcfO{sf
rlr{t pbfx/0fx¿ x'g\ . PcfO{sf]
cfw'lgs cËsf ¿kdf h]g/] l] 6e PcfO{
Psbd hl6n ljifo xf] .
PcfO{ h;/L ;]Nkm ng{/ -cfkm}+
l;Sg ;Sg] Ifdtf ePsf]_ aGb} uO/x]sf]
5, Ps sDKo'6/ j}1flgsnfO{ of]
lrhnfO{ a'‰g / ;]Nkm 66\ PNuf]l/bd
lgisif{df s;/L k'U5 eGg] hfGg Tolt
g} d'l:sn aGb} hfG5 . h;/L o;sf]
Ifdtf a9\b} hfG5, xfd|f] b}lgs
hLjgdf o;sf] k|of]u klg a9\b}
hfG5 .–6]skfgfjf6
;/sf/n] ;+rfng u/]sf cf}Bf]lus If]qdf
h'QfrKkn pBf]uLnfO{ :yfgsf] Joj:yf
ug{ klg dfu ul/Psf] 5 .
cfTdlge{/tftkm{ pGd'v elgPsf]
h'QfrKkn pBf]u If]qdf ;DefjgfeGbf
r'gf}tL a9L b]lvg yfn]sfn] ;/sf/n]
;xlhs/0f ug{ cfjZos /x]sf] g]kfn
/fli6«o Joj;foL dxf;+3sf ;+:yfks
cWoIf g/]z s6'jfnn] atfP . pgn]
;/sf/n] h'QfrKkn pBf]unfO{ cfTdlge{/
pGd'v pBf]usf ¿kdf lnP klg ;fgf
/ demf}nf Joj;foLx¿sf] ;+/If0f / k|jw{g
cem} ;/sf/sf] Wofg k'Ug;s]sf] atfP .
gLltut tyf sfg"gL ljifodf s'g}
s'/f kl/jt{g gug]{ xf] eg] g]kfnsf] ;du|
b"/;~rf/ If]qsf] ahf/ xfnsf] (^ ca{af6
*$ ca{df v'lDrg] pkfWofosf] ljZn]if0f
5 . pgL eG5g\– æcfO{P;kL / lkmS;
nfOgsf] cfDbfgL a9] klg b"/;~rf/ pBf]u
If]qsf] cfDbfgL eg] ;du| ¿kdf 36\b}
hfg] . o;af6 ;/sf/ klg /fh:j
;Íngdf k5fl8 kg]{ lglZrt 5 .Æ
pkfWofosf cg';f/ ;/sf/L /fh:j
;g\ @)@&–@* ;Dd yk kfFr ca{
¿k}ofFn] 36\g5 ] . xfn jflif{s %=% ca{
gfkmf cfh{g ug{ g]kfnsf df]afOn ;]jf
k|bfosn] !!=% ca{ nufgL ug{k' g]{ cj:yf
/x]sf] atfOG5 . casf] kfFr jif{kl5
df]afOn ;]jf k|bfossf] gfkmf 36]/ @=#
ca{df v'lDrg] / To;sf nflu g]6js{
Joj:yfkg ug{ ^=# ca{ ¿k}ofF vr{
ug{k' g]{ ljZn]if0f ul/Psf] 5 .
 6 @)*! ;fn h]7 ^ ut] cfOtaf/
zflnsaf6 hlGdP chDa/L of]4f l;+xaxfb'/ ljs -sf]lknf_ l/df]6{ -b"/_ kltsf] pbo Û
tTsflng g]kfn sDo'lgi6 kf6L{
-dfcf]jfbL_n] ;+rfng u/]sf] dxfg
hgo'4df ;xefuL eO{ 5fkfdf/ bnsf]
sdf08/;Dd k'\u]sf Ps qmflGtsf/L
of]4f l;+xaxfb'/ ljs -sf]lknf_ sf]
;fxfl;s alnbfg ePsf] cfh @$
aif{ k'/f ePsf] 5 . lj=;= @)%&
;fn h] 7 @ ut] cfh} s f] lbg
sflnsf]6 lhNnfsf] d'df| df tTsflng
xTof/f k|x/L;Fusf] bf]xf]/f] le8Gtdf
n8bf–n8\ b } 5fkfdf/ sdf08/
sf]lknfsf] pRr ;fxl;s alnbfg
eof] . pxfF;lxt s]xL 5fkfdf/ ;b:o
tyf kf6L{ g] t f sfo{ s tf{ kf6L{
sfo{qmdsf nflu tof/Ldf h'6s ] f] a]nf
k'msf]6 k|x/L rf}sLaf6 ;'/fsLsf]
;"rgfn] u:tLdf uPsf] k|x/L;Fu h]7
@ ut] ljxfg} n8fO{ k/]sf] lyof] .
5fkfdf/ sdf08/ sf]lknfsf]
l6d d'd|fsf] a'9faf8f 6f]nsf x:t
a'9fsf] 3/df ;]N6/ lnP/ a;]sf]
lyof] . k|x/L /fte/L lxF8]/ ljxfg
d'df| k'uL PSsf;L 3]/f xfNof] . tof/L
cj:yfdf gePsf] 5fkfdf/ l6d afWo
eP/ n8fO{df xf]ldof] .
PSsf;L le8Gt ;'? ePsfn]
sf]lknsf] l6d 3]/ftf]8b} ;'/lIft x'g]
qmddf pvf8Ld'n eGg] lhpnf] lt/
aflx/Lof] . k5fl8 x6\b} 3]/f tf]8b}
hfg] qmddf 5fkfdf/ sdf08/
sf]lknfnfO{ 3fF6Ldf uf]nL nfUof] .
n8fO{df c? 5fkfdf/ ;b:o tyf
g]tf sfo{stf{nfO{ ;s';n k|x/Lsf]
3]/faflx/ lgsfNg ;kmn ePsf
sdf08/ sf]lknf eg] k|x/Lsf] uf]nL
3fF6Ldf nfUbf uDeL/ 3fO{t] x'ge ' of] .
:sl/a %) hgf a9L k|x/L;+u
s]an !) hgf 5fkfdf/ ;b:on]
e?jf aGb'saf6 ljxfge/L n8fO{
n8\g' k¥of] . kf6L{sf] 7"nf] Iflt
x'gaf6 arfPsf sf]lknf cGttM
cfkm}af6 pRr alnbg ug{'eof] .
sf]lknfnfO{ uf]nL nfu]kl5 pxfFnfO{
cGo 5fkfdf/ bnsf ;b:ox¿n]
af]s]/ lng ;Sg] cj:yf ePg .
h;n] ubf{ cfˆg} sdf08/nfO{ 3fO{t]
cj:yfdf 5f]8g' k¥of] .
uf]nL nfu]/ 3fO{t] ePsf ;lxb
sf]lknfnfO{ cGttM xTof/f k|x/Ln]
sJhf u/L r/d oftgf lbP/ ljeT;
xTof u¥of] . bf]xf]/f] le8Gtdf # hgf
xTof/f k|x/L hjfg 3fO{t] ePsf lyP
eg] pgLx¿sf] x]lnsK6/af6 p4f/
ul/Psf] lyof] .
sf] x'g sf]lknf <
sf]lknf g]kfn sDo'lgi6 kf6L{sf
k|jQmf k|sf08 ;Lsf sfG5f efO{
x'gx' G' 5 . pxfF lj=;=@)#^ ;fn c;f]h
t]nsf] yf]kfyf]kf hf]ufcf}+
OGwg vr{ 36fcf}+
^ ut] sflnsf]6 lhNnfsf] tTsflng
dfNsf] 6 uflj; j8f gDj/ $
;Nnf?vdf a'jf kxn] ljZjsdf{ /
cfdf EofsL{ ljssf] sf]vdf sfG5f]
5f]/f]sf] ¿kdf hlGdPsf] xf] . pxfF
;fg} b]lv ljb|fx] L :jefjsf x'gx' G' Yof] .
pxfFsf] l;+uf] kl/jf/ g} hgo'4df
xf]ldPsf] lyof] . pxfFsf kl5 uf]l/snf
ljs / ;ld{nf ljs u/L @ j6f
jlxgLx¿ 5g\ . uf] / Lsnf ljs
sflnsf] 6 lhNnfs} dlxnf g] t [
x'gx' G' Yof] .
pxfFsf] b'3{6gfdf k/]/ lgwg
eO{;s]sf] 5 . sf]lknfsf] sfG5L
alxgL clxn] klg x'g'x'G5 . ;lxb
sf]lknsf] h]7f bfh' v8saxfb'/
ljZjsdf{ -k|sf08 ;L_ x'g'x'G5 eg]
dfO{nf bfh' cd/axfb'/ ljs -of]4f_
x' g ' x ' G 5 . t/ of] 4 f eg] DofUbL
sShfsf] a]nf pRr ;fxbQ k|fKt
eO;s]sf] 5 . pxfFsf dfOnf bfh'
of]4f klg tTsflng lju|]8 sdf08/
x'g'x'GYof] . sf]lknfsf h]7f bfh'
k|sf08 clxn] klg kf6L{sf] :yfoL
;ldlt ;b:o tyf k|jQmf x'g'x'G5 .
sf]lknfsf] hLjg;fyL zflGt ;L
qmflGtd} xf]ldPsL x'g'x'G5 . pxfFsf]
;fg} pd]/df ljjfx ePsf] lyof] .
;dfhsf] cGofo cTofrf/sf lj?4
ljb| f ] s f] d;fn afNb} sf] l knf
hgo' 4 df xf] l dPsf x' g ' x ' G Yof] .
sf]lknf b'Zdg;Fu cfuf] e} n8\b}
cfpg'ePsf] lyof]] .
sxf“ sxf“ n8fO{df ;xefuL eP <
;lxb sf]lknf Ps n8fs' of]4f
x'g'x'GYof] . pxfF sflnsf]6 lhNnfdf
ePsf zflGt3f6, kfbd3f6 k|x/L
rf}sL sJhfdf ;fxl;s n8fO{ n8\b}
;xefuL x'g'eof] . To;kl5 sf]lknf
l8P;kL 7]n/] fO{sf] cw]/L vf]nf PDj';
ljikmf]6sf] 36gfdf klg ;xefuL
x'ge' of] . lhNnfsf ;fgf ltgf w]/} h;f]
le8Gt, PDj';, hfnL km6fxx¿dfly
sfjf{xL nufotsf bh{gf} sfjf{xLdf
;xefuL x'g'eof] . h;n] ubf{ 5f]6}
cjlwdf pxfF Pp6f s'zn 5fkfdf/
bnsf] sdf08/ klg x'g'eof] .
clxn] zflnsaf6 hlGdP
sf] l knf <
;lxb sf]lknf xfd|f] ;fd' x'gx' G' g .
t/ pxfFsf] ef}lts z/L/ gePklg
ljrf/ / cf:yf chDa/L eP/
d'd|fdf plePsf] 5 . sf]lknfsf]
d' d | f sf] rf} / df ;' G b/ zflns
agfO{Psf] 5 . ToxL zflnssf] tn
sf]lknsf] ;dflw:yn klg 5 .
n]v, /rgf;DaGwL ;"rgf
…If]Kof:qÚ ;fKtflxs / …hgva/Ú cgnfOgdf
k|sfzgfy{ /fli6«o÷cGt/f{li6«o dxTjsf n]v,
/rgf / tl:j/x¿ pknAw u/fO{ ;xof]u
k'¥ofpg' x'g OR5's ;a}df cg'/f]w ul/G5 .
If]Kof:q k|sfzg s]Gb|
yfkfufp“, sf7df8f},+ kmf]gM (*$!$)#*%!
E-mail : chhepyastra@gmail.com
janakhabar@gmail.com
g]kfn cfon lgud lnld6]8
kmf]g g+=+ $@^@(&), km\ofS; M $@^#$&!
g]skfn] d'df| df ;lxb sf]lknfsf]
:d/0fsf] nflu pxfFsf] ;dflw:ynd}
zflns agfPsf] :yfgLojf;L
lgdf0f{n] atfpg' eof] .
:yfgLojf;Lx¿n] sf]lknfk|lt ;wF}
;Ddfg ug]{ u/]sf 5g\ .
g] s kfsf] lhNnf ;Nnfxsf/
;ldlt ;b:o tyf 36gfsf]
k|TobzL/{ ;d]t /xg'ePsf] lgdf0f{n]
eGg' < …sf]lknf s'zn sdf08/ xf] .
pxfF xfdL ;fd' t x'g'x'Gg t/ pxfFsf]
ljrf/ / cf:yfsf] k| l ts oxL
d'd|fsf] rf}/df 5 . sf]lknfsf] gofF
hGd ePsf] 5 . sf]lknf sflnsf]6]
hgtf dfq} xf]Og l;+uf] >dhLjL
hgtfsf] ;fd' / cem} d'd|fjf;L
hgtfsf] ;fd' slxn} klg d/]sf]
5}gg\ . dfq} olQ xf] sL pxfFsf]
ef}lts zl// dfq xfd|f] ;fd' 5}g .
sf]lknfsf] ljrf/ l;4fGt, cf:yf
slxn] klg d/]sf] 5}g . xfdL pxfFsf]
;kgf ;fsf/ kfg]{5f} / oxfFnfO{
hgtfn] ;w} F ;lDem/x] s f] 5 .–
Hjfnf va/jf6
sf7df8f} F . sf] : 6f d] ; f,
Soflnkmf]lg{ofsf] wgL, ;d'b| t6 cf]/G] h
sfpG6Lsf] Ps zx/df, Ps k|dv
sfg"gL kmd{sf] :yfgLo sfof{nodf
;fem]bf/ aGg] sfd ul//x]sL l5g\,
pgsf klt $)) dfOn eGbf 6f9f
a] Pl/ofdf cfwfl/t 6]s :6f6{ck
sDkgLdf sfo{sf/L 5g\ . SoflDa|h,
Dof;fr' ; ] 6 \ ; df, pgL cfˆgf]
ckf6{dG] 6af6 sf]8 n]Vb} 5g\, pgLsL
>Ldlt xfj{8{ n :s"ndf sIff k9\
l5g\ . pgL Ps k|;l" t ljz]if1 x'g,\
pgsf klt Ps 6]s sDkgLsf nflu
6f9faf6 sfd u5{g\ . >Ldlt cfOeL
lnu ljZjljBfnodf lzIffljb\ 5g\,
pgsf kl5 Ps lqmK6f] sDkgLsf nflu
sfd u5{g\ . b]zel/, ;'lzlIft /
;'lzlIftx¿sf aLrdf, Pp6f gofF
k| j [ l Q b] v fk/] s f] b] l vG5 . ha
kTgLx¿ laxfg cfˆgf] sfof{no,
sIffsf]7f jf c:ktfndf hfG5g\,
pgLx¿n] 3/df /x]sf cfˆgf kltnfO{
afO{afO{ ul//x]sf x'G5g\ .
of] ;fob !(%) sf] bzssf]
n}lËs–cbnf–abnLsf] k'g?Tyfg xf] .
k'?ifx¿ cem} klg sfd ul//x]sf
5g\, d'Vo ¿kn] vfgf ksfpg], ;kmf
ug]{ t/ aRrfx¿sf] x]/rfx gug]{ .
t/ o;n] 6f9fsf] sfdsf] j[l4sf] sd
;/fxgf ul/Psf] k|efjnfO{ k|ltlalDat
ub{5M b"/ kltsf] pbo .
k'?if / dlxnfx¿ cem} klg
ljleGg k|sf/sf sfddf ljz]if1 5g\ .
sDKo'6/ lj1fg / OlGhlgol/ª h:tf
pBf] u x¿df k' ? ifx¿n] c;dfg
¿kdf sfo{ k|bz{g u5{g\ . cWofkg
/ gl;{ªsf] sfddf dlxnfsf] k|e'Tj
5 . sfg" g / lrlsT;f h:tf
Joj;fox¿n] cem} klg dlxnfx¿
eGbf a9L k'?ifx¿nfO{ /f]huf/ lbg
;S5g\, t/ o:tf] k|jl[ Q lj:tf/} 36\b}
uO/x]sf] 5M k'?ifx¿ eGbf a9L
dlxnfx¿ sfg"g ljBfno / d]l8sn
:s"ndf egf{ ePsf 5g\ . To:t}, o'jf
bDktLx¿df, pgL ;fob pgsf
klteGbf jlsn jf 8fS6/ aGg]
;Defjgf a9L x'G5 .
ljleGg Joj;fox¿n] klg 6f9fsf]
sfddf ljleGg b[li6sf]0f ckgfpg'
k/]sf] 5 . cNk;+Vos lrlsT;f
Joj;foLx¿n] 6]lnx]Ny sfdx¿ lnP/
6f9faf6 sfd ug{ ;Ifd x'g ;S5g\,
t/ 7"nf] lx:;fn] cfˆgf la/fdLx¿nfO{
JolQmut ¿kdf pkrf/ ug{k' b{5 .
jlsnx¿nfO{ pgLx¿sf] Ohfhtkq
g]skf /;'jfåf/f hg;DaGw lj:tf/ cleofg ;'?
sf7df8f}F . g]kfn sDo'lg:6 kf6L{
/;' j fn] Ps[ l st hgqmflGtsf]
sfo{lbzfdfkm{t\ g]kfnL ljz]iftfsf]
;dfhjfbn] dfq b]zsf] /fhgLlts /
cfly{s ;d:ofx¿ ;dfwfg ug{ ;Sg]
eGb} bnfn ;+;bLo Joj:yf g]kfnL
hgtfsf] nflu ;+s6 pTkfbg ug]{ ynf]
ePsf]n] ;dfhjfbL Joj:yfsf] kIfdf
Jofks hgdt lgdf{0f ug{ kf6L{ ;'4Ls/0f
tyf hg;DaGw lj:tf/ cleofg ;'?
u/]sf] 5 . ;f] cleofg h]7 # ut]bl] v
>j0f # ;Dd cleofg ;+rfng x'g5 ] .
cleofgn] lhNnfdf /x]sf ljleGg
;d:ofsf] ;dwfg;Fu hgtfsf] kIfdf
kf6L{nfO{ pEofpg] / a]lylt /f]Sg]
atfOPsf] 5 . h]7 # ut] /;'jfsf]
pQ/uof ufpFkflnsf j8f gDa/ !
vfN6]df g]skfsf s]Gb|Lo ;ldlt ;b:o
tyf /;'jf lhNnf O~rfh{ ;fu/ ;Ln]
;f] cleofgsf] pb\3f6g u/]sf x'g\ .
cleofgsf] qmddf /x]sf lhNnf ;]qm]6/L
k|sfz ;L, lhNnf ;b:o lgªdf ;L,
sfN;fª ;L, lav{ ;Ln] pkl:ytx¿nfO{
k|lzlIft u/]sf lyP .
lhNnf ;]qm]6/L k|sfz ;Lsf]
/ ljz]if1tfåf/f ljz]if /fHo jf If]qdf
afFWg ;lsG5 . o;}aLr, l/df]6–js{
' nlrnf]kgsf] pRrtd cleJolQmsf
¿kdf ljleGg pBf]ux¿ h:t} sf]l8ª
/ k|ljlw, jf:t'snf, OlGhlgol/ª /
Jofkfl/s sfdx¿ b]lvPsf 5g\ .
sDKo'6/ jf ul0ftLo If]qdf sfd ug]{
nueu cfwf dflg;x¿n] 6f9faf6
k"0f{–;do sfd u5{g\ .
o;sf] kl/0ffd s] xf] eg] ,
;du|df, k'?ifx¿nfO{ cfk"mn] rfx]
hxfFaf6 klg sfd ug{ ;lhnf] x'G5 .
DoflsG;] gfds Ps k/fdz{bftfn]
u/]sf] Pp6f ;j]I{ f0fn] #* k|ltzt
k'?ifx¿n] / #) k|ltzt dlxnfx¿sf]
t'ngfdf 6f9faf6 k"0f{–;do sfd ug]{
ljsNk /x]sf] b]vfPsf] lyof] . nueu
cfwf dlxnfx¿n] #( k| l tzt
k'?ifx¿sf] t'ngfdf 6f9faf6 sfd
ug{ c;dy{ ePsf] cg' ; Gwfgn]
b]vfPsf] 5 . of] csf]{ tl/sf h:tf]
nfUg ;S5, h;df dlxnfx¿n] 58L-
n¶L_sf] 5f]6f] 5]pdf g} cfˆgf] sfd
;dfKt u/]sf 5g\ . t/ Tof] b[li6sf]0f
dfof]lks xf] . bDktLx¿n] Ps;fy
sfd ug{ cfˆgf] hLjgsf nflu ;a}
k|sf/sf tl/sfx¿df ;Demf}tf u5{g\ .
olb pgnfO{ 7"nf] kbf]GgtL k|:tfj
ul/Psf] 5 eg], h:t} lzsfuf] ;g]{
;t{df, olb pgsf] hflu/ Go' of]s; { uF
hf]l8Psf] 5 eg] pgn] o;nfO{
c:jLsf/ ug{k' g]{ x'g ;S5 . s'g} klg
;fem]bf/sf] ef}uf]lns :jtGqtfn]
csf]n { fO{ skf]/{ 6] sf] l;F9L r9\g ;Dej
agfpF5 . sf]:6f d];f bDktLn] Tof]
If]q /f]h] lsgeg] of] pgsf] sfdsf
nflu ;'ljwfhgs lyof] . cfˆgf
aRrfx¿sf] xh'/a'afsf] kx'Frsf
nflu, h;n] ca lgoldt ¿kdf ;fgf
gfgLx¿nfO{ dgf]/~hg u/fF5 + g\ .
gf]an
] k'/:sf/ ljh]tf Snfpl8of
uf] l N8gn] 6f9faf6 sfd ug{ '
dlxnfx¿sf nflu s;/L j/bfg x'g
;S5 eg]/ n]vs ] L l5g\ . ljut !))
jif{ d f >d zlQmdf dlxnfsf]
;xeflutf ;a}eGbf a9L ePsf] 5
ha 3/af6} k};;f lnP/} -e'QmfgL_
sfd ug{ ;Dej ePsf] 5 . pgn] of]
klg kQf nufPsL l5g\ ls nlrnf]
sfd ug]{ ;fdfGo If]qx¿df n}lËs
Hofnf cGt/x¿ ;a}eGbf s8f 5g\ .
t/ of] dlxnfx¿n] ug]{ sfddf
nlrnf]kg dfq xf]Og, h'g pgLx¿sf]
kmfObfsf] nflu x'g ;S5 .
– lb Osf]gf]ldi6af6
cWoIftfdf ePsf] k|lzIf0fdf lhNnf
sfo{ ;ldltsf ;b:ox¿ lgªdf ;L,
sfN;fª ;Ln] dGtJo /fv]sf lyP .
;dfhjfbL Joj:yf hgtfsf] Joj:yf
ePsf] / ;Dk" 0 f{ sDo' l g:6x¿
;dfhjfbsf] nflu Ps 7fpFdf cfpg'kg]{
wf/0ff /fVb} k|dv
' jQmf lhNnf OGrfh{
;fu/ ;Ln] cfˆgf] kf6L{sf] s]Gb|Lo
;ldltsf] a}7sn] Pstfsf] ;Dk"0f{ 9f]sf
v'nf /fv]sf] / ca Pstfsf] nflu l9nf
gug{k' g]{ / cfˆgf] kf6L{sf] pTkfbg gLlt
cg'¿k hgtf / ;dy{sn] a]/f]huf/
a:g gkg]{ / dfG5]nfO{ ljb]z knfogaf6
/f]Sg] kxn ul/g] / e|i6frf/ lgoGq0f
ug{,]' ;L ;fF:s[lts cg';f/ hGd, d[To'
/ ljjfx ;+:sf/ dgfpg'kg]{ cGoyf wd{
/ ;fF:s[lts al9 vlr{nf] ePsf] lhls/
u/]sf lyP . pgn] hghflt v;cfo{,
dw];L, d'l:nd, dlxnf, >lds, ;d'bfo
/fHosf] kx'h F aflx/ /x]sf] / logsf]
nflu ;dfhjfbL Joj:yf h?/L ePsf]
ts{ u/]sf lyP . cleofgsf] qmddf
;+u7g ;'l4s/0f ug]{ / hg;DaGw
lj:tf/ x'gd] f cfk"m ljZj:t /x]sf] /
hgtfnfO{ gcflQg cg'/f]w u/]sf lyP .
 @)*! ;fn h]7 ^ ut] cfOtaf/
cfly{s jif{ @)*!–*@ sf] jflif{s gLlt tyf sfo{qmdsf d'Vo Joj:yf
sf7df8f}F . ;/sf/sf] cfufdL
cfly{s jif{ @)*!–*@ sf] jflif{s
gLlt tyf sfo{qmd ;fj{hlgs ePsf]
5 . /fi6« k lt /fdrGb| kf} 8 ] n n]
d+unaf/ ;+;b\sf] ;+o'Qm a}7sdf
;/sf/sf] cfufdL cfly{s jif{ @)*!–
*@ sf] jflif{s gLlt tyf sfo{qmd
;fj{hlgs x'g\ .
pQm gLlt tyf sfo{qmd ;fj{hlgs
ePkl5 ;Qf kIfsf ;f+ ; bn]
sfo{qmdsf] arfp ub}{ ;sf/fTds,
cfzfnfUbf] / ¿kfGt/0fsf/L ePsf]
k|ltlqmof lbPsf 5g\ eg] k|ltkIfL
bnsf g] t fx¿n] k/Dk/fut /
sfof{Gjog x'g] cfwf/ gb]lvPsf] l6Kk0fL
u/]sf 5g\ . /fhgLlts :yfloTj,
;'zf;g, ljsf; / ;fdflhs GofonfO{
hf]8 lbP/ ;/sf/n] cfly{s jif{
@)*!–*@ sf] gLlt tyf sfo{qmd
k|:t't u/]sf] 5 . ;/sf/n] s[lif, ;"rgf
k|ljlw, k"jf{wf/ ljsf;nfO{ k|fyldstfdf
/fv]/ gLlt tyf sfo{qmd ;fj{hlgs
u/]sf] xf] .
cy{dGqL jif{dfg k'gn] jt{dfg
;/sf/sf] gLlt tyf sfo{qmd /fd|f]
cfPsf] / To;nfO{ sfof{Gjog x'g] u/L
ah]6 cfpg] ;d]t atfP . cy{dGqL
k'gn] o;k6s ljutdf h:tf] gLlt
tyf sfo{qmd / ah]6sf] tfnd]n
gldNg] ;d:of g/xg] bfaL u/] . pgn]
cfzf hufpg] sfo{qmd cfPsf klg
atfP . dfcf]jfbL s]Gb|sf g]tf dfwj
;fksf]6fn] :j/f]huf/sf If]q / o'jf
k':tfnfO{ cfzfjfbL agfpg] gLlt tyf
sfo{qmdn] ;du|df ;a} kIfnfO{ ;d]6s ] f]
k|ltlqmof lbP . ;Qf kIf gjul7t
hgtf ;dfhjfbL kf6L{sf cWoIf
czf]s /fO{n] cfly{s jif{ @)*!–)*@
sf] jflif{ s gLlt tyf sfo{ q md
;sf/fTds ePsf] atfP .
/fli6«o :jtGq kf6L{sf pk;efklt
8f= :jl0f{d jfUn]n] gLlt tyf sfo{qmd
ah]6;Fu tfbfDotf x'g] u/L ;a}
If]qnfO{ ;d]6/] NofPsf] atfP . /fli6«o
:jtGq kf6L{s} k|dv ' ;r]ts ;Gtf]if
kl/of/n] klg gLlt tyf sfo{qmd
cfzfnfUbf] ePsf] / o;n] cy{tGqnfO{
s;/L ;'wf/ Nofpg] ljifo k|fyldstfdf
/fv]sfn] o;sf] sfof{Gjogdf ;a} kIf
nfUg'kg]d{ f hf]8 lbP .
g]skf -PsLs[t ;dfhjfbL_ sf
g]tf /fh]Gb| kf08]n] gLlt sfo{qmd
pT;fx lbg] / jt{dfg /fhgLlt
cj:yfnfO{ ;Daf] w g ug] { v fnsf]
gePsf] k|ltlqmof lbP .
k|d'v k|ltkIfL g]kfnL sf+u|]; /
ljkIfL bn /fli6«o k|hftGq kf6L{sf
g]tfx¿n] gLlt tyf sfo{qmdsf]
cfnf]rgf u/]sf 5g\ . k"j{cy{dGqL
Pjd\ sfFu|]; g]tf 8f= k|sfzz/0f
dxtn] ;/sf/sf] egfO / u/fOdf
cfsfz hldgsf] km/s /x] s f]
l6Kk0fL u/] . pgn] of] gLlt tyf
sfo{qmd sfof{Gjog x'G5 eGg]df
cfk"mnfO{ ljZjf; gnfu]sf] atfP .
To:t} sf+u|];sf g]tf 8f=rGb|
e08f/Ln] ljutdf h:t} clxn] klg
p:t} u/L gLlt tyf sfo{qmd cfPsf]
k|ltlqmof lbP . /fli6«o k|hftGq
kf6L{sf k|d'v ;r]ts 1fg]Gb|axfb'/
zfxLn] gLlt tyf sfo{qmddf …x'G5
/ ul/g]5Ú eGg] s'/fdf dfq} ;Lldt
/x]sf] eGb} /f]huf/L lbg] / s[lif
k|ljlwnfO{ k|fyldstf lbg] gLlt
gePsf] k|ltlqmof lbP .
/fi6« k lt /fdrGb| kf} 8 ] n n]
;+;b\sf] ;+o'Qm a}7sdf gLlt tyf
sfo{ q md k| : t' t u/] k l5 k| d ' v
k|ltkIfL bn g]kfnL sfFu|];n] cfˆgf]
k'/fg} dfu p7fP/ cj/f]w u¥of] .
j]n 3]/fpkl5 /fi6«kltnfO{ wGojfb
lbg] sfo{;"rL klg k|efljt ePsf]
lyof] .
cfly{s jif{ @)*!–*@ sf] jflif{s
gLlt tyf sfo{qmdsf d'Vo Joj:yf
o; k|sf/ /x]sf 5g\–
– a}+s tyf ljQLo ;+:yf, n3'ljQ,
;xsf/L, ladf / k' F h Lahf/df
b] l vPsf ;d:of ;dfwfg ug{
ljleGg ;dodf ePsf cWoogaf6
k|fKt ;'emfj sfof{Gjog ul/g]5 .
n3' l jQsf C0fLx¿sf] shf{
k'gtf{lnsLs/0f tyf k'gM;+/rgf
ul/g]5 .
– ;xsf/L ;+ : yfx¿ :yfkgfsf]
p2] Z ocg' ¿ k ;~rfng x' g ' k g] {
Joj:yf ul/g]5 . ;xsf/L ;+:yfsf]
;3g ;'kl/j]If0f / lgodgsf nflu
ljlzi6Ls[t lgofds lgsfo :yfkgf
ul/g]5 . ;xsf/L art tyf shf{
;'/If0f sf]if, ;xsf/L shf{ ;"rgf
s] G b| / ;xsf/L shf{ c;' n L
GofofwLs/0fdfkm{t\ ;xsf/L If]qsf]
art tyf nufgLsf] ;'/Iff ul/g]5 .
– uf]/vsfnL /a/ pBf]u, a'6jn
wfuf] sf/vfgf, x]6f}+8f sk8f pBf]u
nufotsf aGb tyf ?U0f cj:yfdf
/x] s f ;fj{ h lgs ;+ : yfg
;DefJotfsf] cfwf/df ;fj{hlgs–
lghL ;fem]bf/L jf cGo pko'Qm
ljlwaf6 Joj:yfkg / ;~rfng
ul/g]5 .
– cfufdL cfly{s jif{ g]kfnsf] sG6«L
/]l6ª ;DkGg ul/g]5 .
– cfufdL cfly{s jif{leq ul/a
3/kl/jf/ klxrfg sfo{ ;DkGg
ul/g]5 . klxrfg ePsf ul/asf]
:yfgLotxdfkm{ t \ lgMz' N s ladf
ul/g]5 . ul/aLsf] /]vfd'lg /x]sf
3/kl/jf/sf nflu ljB'tLo r'nf],
6\o'aj]nnufotsf ;fdu|L pknAw
u/fOg]5 .
– cfof]hgfsf] sfof{Gjog k|ultsf
cfwf/df ;DkGg ug],{ lg/Gt/tf lbg],
:yug ug]{ jf vf/]h ug]{ gLlt lnOg]5 .
sfof{Gjogdf /x]sf t/ ck]lIft ult
glnPsf ;DefJo cfof]hgf ;fj{hlgs–
lghL ;fem]bf/L cjwf/0ffdf ;~rfng
ug]{ k|lqmof cl3 a9fOg]5 .
– vl/b sfg'gdf k'g/fjnf]sg u/L
vl/b k|0ffnLnfO{ k|lt:kwL{, kf/bzL{ /
ljsf;d}qL agfOg]5 .
– cWoog cg';Gwfg;DaGwL /fli6«o
gLlt, dfkb08 / cfrf/;+lxtf tof/
ul/g]5 . ;a} k|sf/sf cWoog,
cg';Gwfg tyf gjk|jt{gsf] k/LIf0f
/ :jLsfo{ t fsf] dfkb08 tof/
ul/g]5 .
– /fli6«o n]vf cg'dfgsf] cfwf/ jif{
kl/jt{ g ul/g] 5 . tLg} txaf6
pTkflbt tYofÍ tyf ;"rgf /fli6«o
tYout ljj/0f k|0ffnLdf ;dfj]z
u/L cfjZos tYofÍ ;xh} pknAw
x'g] Joj:yf ldnfOg]5 .
– tLgj6} txsf ;/sf/, lghL If]q,
;xsf/L / ;d'bfosf] ;fem]bf/Ldf
…pTkfbg / /f]huf/Lsf nflu ;fem]bf/LÚ
sfo{qmd ;~rfng ul/g]5 .
– cfly{s jif{ @)*!–*@ sf] bzsnfO{
…s[lifdf nufgL bzsÚ 3f]if0ff u/L
;/sf/L, lghL, ;xsf/L tyf ljsf;
;fem]bf/sf] nufgL j[l4 ul/g]5 .
– pTkfbg rqm ;'? x'gk' j" { g} cfwf/e"t
s[lif pkh tyf kz'hGo pTkfbgsf]
Go"gtd ;dy{g d"No tf]lsg]5 .
– ;DefJotfsf] cfwf/df dxfgu/ tyf
pk–dxfgu/kflnsfx¿df lr:ofg
sIf;lxtsf ax'tn] s[lif tyf kmnk"mn
yf]sahf/ ;~rfngdf NofOg]5 .
– o'jf s[ifs tyf pBdLx¿;Fusf]
;fem]bf/Ldf j8f:t/df gd"gf kmfd{
:yfkgf u/L l;sfO s]Gb|sf] ¿kdf
ljsf; ul/g]5 .
– kmnk"mn g;{/L / a]gf{ /f]k0fnfO{
Jofks ¿kdf lj:tf/ u/L kfFr jif{leq
b] z nfO{ kmnk" m ndf cfTdlge{ /
agfOg]5 . b'O{ jif{leq kz'kG5L tyf
dT:o pTkfbgdf k"0f{ cfTdlge{/tf
xfl;n ul/g]5 .
– tLg} txsf ;/sf/ / lghL If]qsf]
;xsfo{df k|To]s k|bz ] df sDtLdf !
xhf/ ufO{ e} F ; Lkfng Ifdtfsf]
k"jf{wf/;lxt ;|ft] s]Gb| ljsf; ul/g]5 .
– lxdfnL If]qdf e]8fafv|f, RofË|f, rf}/F L
nufotsf kz' k fng Pj+ :ofp,
cf]v/h:tf kmnk"mn / h8La'6Lsf
7"nf kmfd{ ;~rfng ug{ …lxdfn ;d[l4
sfo{qmdÚ ;~rfng ul/g]5 .
– cfufdL cfly{s jif{df yk !% xhf/
;o x]S6/ s[lifof]Uo e"lddf l;FrfO ;'ljwf
lj:tf/ ul/g]5 . t/fO{–dw];sf tLg nfv
!* xhf/ x]S6/ v]tLof]Uo hldgdf
Sn:6/df cfwfl/t :ofnf] tyf l8k
6\oa' j]naf6 l;FrfO ;]jf lj:tf/ ul/g]5 .
– s0ff{nL k|bz
] df …PsLs[t s0ff{nL l;FrfO
ljz]if sfo{qmdÚ sfof{Gjog ul/g]5 .
– cfufdL cfly{s jif{df kfFr nfv e"ldxLg,
;'sD' jf;L / cJojl:yt a;f]af;Lsf]
;d:of ;dfwfg ul/g]5 . u'7Lnufot ;a}
hUufsf] bf]xf]/f] :jfldTj;DaGwL ;d:of
;dfwfg ul/g]5 .
– 89]nf], ;'Svf, af9L Joj:yfkg /
hn k'ge{/0f ug{ r'/] If]q / leqL
dw];sf :yfgLotxx¿df :yfgLo
;fdu|L k|of]u u/L sDtLdf !) j6f
hnfzo lgdf{0f ul/g]5 .
– s0ff{nL k|bz ] sf] k|fs[lts ;|ft] nfO{
:yfgLo hgtfsf] ;d[l4df pkof]u ug{
:yfgLotx / lghL If]qsf] ;xsfo{df
s[lif / jg k}bfjf/df cfwfl/t …;d[4
s0ff{ n L pBdzLntf sfo{ q mdÚ
;~rfng ul/g]5 .
– hnjfo' kl/jt{gsf] c;/ Go"gLs/0f
/ cg' s " n g tyf ljkb\ hf] l vd
Go" g Ls/0fsf /fli6« o gLlt tyf
sfo{of]hgf sfof{Gjog ul/g]5 . …hnjfo'
kl/jt{g, lxdfn / dfgjhfltsf] eljioÚ
ljifodf cGt/f{li6«o ;+jfb cfof]hgf
ul/g]5 . hnjfo' kl/jt{gaf6 k/]sf
c;/nfO{ PsLs[t / ;Gt'lnt ¿kdf
;Daf]wg ug{ …/fi6«klt hnjfo' kl/jt{g
Joj:yfkg sfo{qmdÚ ;~rfng ul/g]5 .
– b}nv ] df k]6f« l] nod kbfy{ cGj]if0fsf]
sfo{ cfufdL cfly{s jif{df ;DkGg
ul/g]5 .
– gjk|jt{g / :6f6{ck /fli6«o cleofg
;~rfng ul/g] 5 . tLg} txsf
;/sf/sf ;fy} lghL If]qsf] ;xsfo{df
/fli6« o :6f6{ c k pBd gLltsf]
sfof{Gjog ul/g]5 . cfufdL cfly{s
jif{ sDtLdf Ps xhf/ o'jfnfO{ :6f6{ck
Joj;fo ;~rfng ug{ ;x'lnot shf{
k|bfg ul/g]5 .
– cfufdL cfly{s jif{ sDtLdf Ps
xhf/ n3', 3/]n' tyf ;fgf pBf]uLnfO{
Aofhdf cg'bfg tyf k|ljlw pknAw
u/fOg]5 .
– uf]/vfdf Pu|f] O08l:6«on kfs{,
;'b/" klZrd k|bz ] df d]uf k'm8 kfs{
tyf s0ff{nL k|bz] df vfB tyf kmnk"mn
k|zf]wg s]Gb|sf] :yfkgf ul/g]5 . 3/]n'
dlb/fsf] u'0f:t/ ;'lglZrt u/L
lgolGqt pTkfbg, a|fl08ª tyf lgof{t
ug{ ljz]if sfo{qmd ;~rfng ul/g]5 .
– pkef]Qmfsf] ;+jw} flgs clwsf/ k|Tofe"lt
ug{ pkef]Qmf cbfnt u7g ul/g]5 .
– /fli6«o ko{6sLo uGtJo k|fk] mfOn
tof/ u/L ko{6sLo uGtJosf] klxrfg,
ljsf; / k|j4{g ul/g]5 .
– xlnp8 tyf alnp8nufotsf
cGt/f{li6«o rnlrq lgdf{tfnfO{ g]kfndf
rnlrq 5fofÍgsf nflu cfslif{t u/L
rnlrq ko{6g k|j4{g ul/g]5 .
– kf] v /f / e} / xjf cGt/f{ l i6« o
ljdfg:yn ;~rfngsf nflu ljz]if
k|fT] ;fxg Kofs]hsf] Joj:yf ul/g]5 .
– hfgsL dlGb/ nufotsf dxTjk"0f{
;DkbfnfO{ ljZj;Dkbf ;"rLdf ;dfj]z
ug{ kxn ul/g]5 . a'4 kl/ky, lzj
kl/ky, /fdfo0f kl/ky, ls/fF t
;f+:s[lts kl/kysf] dfu{ lgwf{/0f u/L
ko{6g k|j4{g ul/g]5 .
– …kl/jt{gsf nflu snf / ;flxTo
sfo{qmdÚ ;~rfng ul/g]5 .
– sf7df8f}–+ t/fO–dw]; b|t' dfu{ ;8s
lgdf{0f lj=;+ @)*# leq ;DkGg
ul/g]5 . cfufdL cfly{s jif{leq
gfu9'Ëf ;'?ªdfu{ / Ujfsf]{ cf]e/kf;
;~rfngdf NofOg]5 .
– k"j{klZrd ljB'tLo /]ndfu{sf]
alb{jf;–rf]rf v08sf] lgdf{0f ;DkGg
ul/g]5 . s]?ª–sf7df8f}F /]ndfu{sf]
;DefJotf cWoog sfo{ ;DkGg
ul/g]5 . /S;f}n–sf7df8f}F /]ndfu{sf]
nufgL ljlw lgSof}n { u/L sfof{Gjog
k|lqmof cufl8 a9fOg]5 .
– ;' g sf] z L / gf/fo0fL gbLdf
6ld{gn;lxtsf] hndfu{ lgdf{0f
ul/g]5 . ;d'b|df ;~rfng x'g]
kfgLhxfh g]kfndf btf{ x'g] sfg'gL
k|aGw ul/g]5 .
– lghL If]qn] ;d]t hUuf ljsf;
sfo{qmd ;~rfng ug{;Sg] gLltut
Joj:yf ul/g]5 .
– Sn:6/ l;6Lsf] cjwf/0ffdf n'lDagL,
kf]v/f / hgsk'/df PsLs[t ;x/L
k"jf{wf/ lgdf{0f ul/g]5 .
– cfufdL cfly{s jif{leq /fli6«o
k|0ffnLsf] s'n ljB't\ hl8t Ifdtf
rf/ xhf/ kfFr ;o d]ufjf6 /
k|ltJolQm ljB't\ vkt rf/ ;o %)
lsnf]jf6 306f k'¥ofOg]5 .
– a" 9 Lu08sL / gnl;ªuf8
hnfzoo'Qm cfof]hgfsf] lgdf{0f sfo{
cufl8 a9fOg]5 . b'wsf]zL hnfzoo'Qm
hnljB't\ cfof]hgfsf] lgdf{0fk"js{ f sfo{
;DkGg ul/g]5 . dflyNnf] c?0f, k'msf]6
s0ff{nL, tfdfsf]zL–%, hub'Nnf, r}gk'/
;]tL hnljB't\ cfof]hgfsf] ljQLo
Joj:yfkg;lxt sfof{Gjog ;'? ul/g]5 .
– x]6f}F8f–9Ns]a/–Og?jf k|;f/0f
nfOgsf] lgdf{0f ;DkGg ul/g]5 .
a"9Lu08sL sf]l/8f]/ k|;f/0f nfOgsf]
lgdf{0f ;'? ul/g]5 . Go" a'6jn–
uf]/vk'/ v08sf] k|;f/0f nfOg lgdf{0f
sfo{ cl3 a9fOg]5 . Og?jf–k"l0f{of /
bf]bf]wf/f–a/]nL cGt/b]zLo k|;f/0f
nfOgsf] nufgL ljlw to u/L lgdf{0f
k|f/De ul/g]5 .
– l;FrfO, s[lif / s[lifdf cfwfl/t
pBf]un] vkt ug]{ ljB'Tdf ;x'lnot
k|bfg ul/g]5 .
– dlxnfnfO{ cfly{s ¿kdf ;Ifd,
;an / ;zQm agfpg …k|wfgdGqL
5f]/L cfTdlge{/ sfo{qmdÚ ;~rfng
ul/g]5 . ;a} k|x/L rf}sLdf dlxnf
;xfotf sIfsf] Joj:yf ul/g]5 .
– afn;' w f/ u[ x df /x] s f ;a}
afnaflnsfsf] lgMz'Ns :jf:Yo ladf
ul/g] 5 . lj=;+ @)*@ ;Dddf
g]kfnnfO{ ;8s dfgjd'Qm agfOg]5 .
– Ho]i7 gful/snfO{ :yfgLo txdfkm{t\
3/df g} lgoldt :jf:Yo k/LIf0f Pj+
cf}iflw pknAw u/fpg] Joj:yf
ldnfOg]5 .
– cfufdL kfF r jif{ l eq ;a}
afnaflnsfnfO{ cfwf/e"t lzIff k|fKt
x'g] ;'lglZrt ul/g]5 . u'0f:t/Lo
lzIffdf ;a}sf] kx'r F j[l4 ug{ …Ps
kflnsf Ps :df6{ ljBfnoÚ cjwf/0ff
sfof{Gjogdf NofOg]5 .
– ljkGgnlIft 5fqj[lQ !@ sIff;Dd
lj:tf/ ul/g] 5 . pRr lzIff
cWoog/t ljBfyL{ n fO{ ;/sf/L
sfo{k0| ffnLsf] cfwf/e"t tflnd k|bfg
ul/g]5 .
– dfWolds ljBfnodf cu|h ] L, ul0ft
/ lj1fg ljifosf lzIfssf] cefjk"lt{
ug{ ljZjljBfnodf cWoog/t
ljBfyL{nfO{ d"NofÍg;lxtsf] lzIf0f
OG6g{l;kdf k7fpg] k|aGw ul/g]5 .
– ;lxb bz/yrGb :jf:Yo lj1fg
ljZjljBfnodf tLg ;o zØof
Ifdtfsf] d]l8sn sn]h / k|fl1s
sfo{qmd o;} jif{ ;~rfngdf NofOg]5 .
pbok'/, df]/ª, k;f{, lrtjgnufot
b]zsf cGo :yfgdf d]l8sn sn]h
:yfkgf tyf ;~rfngsf nflu
cfjZos tof/L ul/g]5 .
– jL/ c:ktfn, /fli6«o 6«df ;]G6/,
sflGt afn c:ktfnnufot kof{Kt
hgzlQm pknAw ePsf
c:ktfnx¿df b'O{ l;ˆ6df alx/Ë ;]jf
;~rfng ul/g]5 .
– k|To]s k|bz] sf sDtLdf Ps ;‹Lo
c:ktfn / sDtLdf b' O { cGo
c:ktfndf 6]lnd]l8l;g ;]jf ;~rfng
ul/g]5 .
– b]ze/sf ;/sf/L, u}/;/sf/L
nufot ;a} ;Ël7t If]qnfO{ :jf:Yo
ladfdf clgjfo{ cfa4 x'g] Joj:yf
ul/g]5 .
– j} b ] l zs /f] h uf/af6 kms] { s f
gful/ssf ;Lk / Jofj;flos bIftfsf
cfwf/df pBdzLntf ljsf; tyf
/f]huf/L l;h{gf ug{ k|b]z tyf
:yfgLotx Pj+ j}b]lzs /f]huf/
af]8{;d]tsf] ;+nUgtfdf Joj;fo
;~rfng ug{ …l/6gL{ pBdzLntf
sfo{qmdÚ sfof{Gjog ul/g]5 .
– ;/sf/L / lghL k|lti7fgdf clgjfo{
>d cl86 ug{ ' k g] { Joj:yfnfO{
sfof{Gjogdf NofOg]5 . cgf}krfl/s
If] q df sfo{ / t >ldsnfO{
cf}krfl/sLs/0f ug{ /fli6«o /0fgLlt
th{d' f ul/g]5 .
– ljleGg lgsfoaf6 k|bfg ul/g]
;fj{hlgs ;]jfx¿ Ps} :yfgaf6 k|bfg
ug{ :yfgLotx;Fusf] ;xsfo{df gful/s
;]jf s]Gb| ;~rfngdf NofOg]5 .
– g]kfnsf] cfˆg} e"–pku|x :yfkgf
ug]{ sfo{ cl3 a9fOg]5 . 8f6f ;]G6/sf]
lgdf{0f / ;~rfng;DaGwL dfkb08
tof/ ul/g]5 . ;"rgf k|ljlw /fli6«o
1fgkfs{ :yfkgfsf] sfo{ cufl8
a9fOg]5 .
– ;fj{hlgs lgsfodf k|of]u eO/x]sf
xf8{jo] /, ;ˆ6j]o/, g]6js{, ;fOa/
7
;' / Iffnufotsf ;" r gf k| l jlw
k|0ffnLx¿sf] k|fljlws k/LIf0f ul/g]5 .
– ;" r gf k| l jlwnfO{ l8lh6n
¿kfGt/0fsf] cfwf/sf] ¿kdf lnO{
;fdflhs–cfly{s ¿kfGt/0f Pj+ ;d[l4
xfl;n ug{ cfufdL bzsnfO{ ;"rgf
k| l jlw bzssf] ¿kdf cufl8
a9fOg]5 .
– ;"rgf k|ljlw pBf]unfO{ /f]huf/L /
;]jf lgof{tsf] k|dv ' If]qsf] ¿kdf ljsf;
ug{ k|fT] ;fxg u/L g]kfnnfO{ Unf]an
;"rgf k|ljlw xasf] ¿kdf ljsf;
ul/g]5 . sf7df8f}+ pkTosf / k|To]s
k|bz ] sf pko'Qm :yfgdf ;"rgf k|ljlw
js{:6];g ;~rfng u/L sDtLdf %
xhf/ /f]huf/L l;h{gf ul/g]5 .
– cTofw'lgs, u'0f:t/Lo / k|lt:kwL{
d'b|0fsf] Joj:yf u/L cGtMz'Ns
l:6s/, x'nfs l6s6, ;jf/L rfns
cg'dltkq, /fxbfgLh:tf ;'/If0f d'b0| f
:jb]zd} x'g] k|aGw ldnfOg]5 .
– ljleGg ljifo If]qsf Ps xhf/
k|ltefjfg o'jfnfO{ km]nf]l;k pknAw
u/fpg] Joj:yf ldnfOg]5 .
– cfufdL cfly{s jif{df b;f}+ /fli6«o
v]ns'b k|ltof]lutfsf] cfof]hgf
ul/g]5 . cfw'lgs k|ljlwo'Qm O–
:kf]6{;sf] cGt/f{li6«o k|ltof]lutf
cfof]hgf ul/g]5 .
– sf7df8f}Fsf] d"nkfgL, df]/ªsf]
lj/f6gu/ / s}nfnLsf] kmfKnf lqms]6
/Ëzfnf lgdf{0fnfO{ tLj|tf lbOg]5 .
lrtjgsf] e/tk'/df lgdf{0ffwLg
uf}tda'4 lqms]6 /Ëzfnfsf] lgdf{0f ;‹,
k|bz ] / :yfgLo txsf] ;fem]bf/Ldf cl3
a9fOg]5 . sLlt{k/' lqms]6 /Ëzfnfsf]
:t/f]Gglt;lxt yk lgdf{0f sfo{
k|fyldstfsf ;fy cufl8 a9fOg]5 .
– ;a} txsf k| x /L sd{ r f/Lsf]
;]jflgj[Q x'g] cjlw k'g/fjnf]sg u/L
a9' j f k| 0 ffnLnfO{ cg' d fgof] U o
agfOg]5 .
– k|bz ] ;Fusf] ;dGjodf v'nf sf/fuf/
;~rfng ul/g]5 .
– /fli6« o kl/rokq k| 0 ffnLnfO{
/fHoaf6 k|jfx x'g] ;a} k|sf/sf
gful/s ;]jf;'ljwf;Fu cfa4 ul/g]5 .
gful/s ;]jf;Fu ;DalGwt ;a} ;/sf/L
ljB'tLo k|0ffnLnfO{ gful/s Pkdf
cfa4 u/L df]afOnaf6} clwsf+z ;]jf
lng ;lsg] Joj:yf ldnfOg]5 .
– ufF h fsf] cf} i fwLhGo pkof] u ,
lgolGqt pTkfbg / Joj;foLs/0fnfO{
k|fT] ;fxg ug{ gLltut / sfg"gL k|aGw
ul/g]5 .
– /fi6«sf nflu cfjZos ;'/Iff tyf
k| l t/Iff ;fdu| L , cTofjZos
uf] n Lu§f, lj:kmf] 6 s kbfy{ ,
nQfsk8f nufot cGo ;}Go ;fdu|L
pTkfbgdf cfTdlge{/tf xfl;n ub}{
hfg] gLlt lnOg]5 .
– k| b ] z / :yfgLo tx;F u sf]
;dGjodf lgMz' N s sfg" g L
;xfotf;DaGwL Joj:yfnfO{
k|efjsf/L agfOg]5 .
– zflGt k|lqmof / ;ª\qmd0fsfnLg
Gofo;DaGwL afFsL sfd zL3| ;DkGg
ul/g] 5 . zflGt k| l qmof / åGå
¿kfGt/0fsf qmddf ePsf ;xdlt,
;dembf/L Pj+ ;Demf}tfsf] PsLs[t
clen] v tof/ ul/g] 5 .
hgcfGbf] n g, hgo' 4 , dw] ;
cfGbf]ngnufot ljleGg /fhgLlts
kl/jt{gsf] cfGbf]ngsf 3fOt] tyf
ckf+usf] ;"rL cBfjlws ug{ /
;d:ofsf] lbuf] ;dfwfg ug{
pRr:t/Lo ;ldlt u7g ul/g]5 .
– ;z:q åGå tyf hgcfGbf]ngsf
3fOt] / ckf+ u tf ePsfnfO{
hLjglgjf{ x eQf ljt/0f tyf
åGåkLl8t kl/jf/nfO{ Ifltk" l t{ ,
pkrf/, cfjZos pks/0f, lzIff,
/f]huf/L, :j/f]huf/sf cj;/ /
cfly{ s ;xfotf pknAw u/fO{
k'gM:yfkgf / kl/k"/0fnufotsf sfo{
ug{ zflGt sf]ifsf] Joj:yf ul/g]5 .
-af“ s L clGtd k] h df_
 8 sf= lh= k|= sf= b= g+= !^#÷@)^#÷^$
PsLs[t=====
;+;bjfbL / k|ltlqmofjfbLx¿n] lnPsf
5g\ . g]skf PsLs[t hfqmflGt 5f8]/
r'gfjdf hfg] s'/f ;To xf]Og .Ú
pgn] g]skfn] clxn]sf] ;+;bLo
/fHoJoj:yfsf] ¿kfGt/0f rfx]sf
atfpF b } eg] – …xfdL clxn] s f
/fHoJoj:yfsf ;~rfnsx¿nfO{
elg/x]sf 5f}F ls of] /fHoJoj:yf
;kmn x'g ;s]g . of] hgtf lj/f]wL
Joj:yf k6s–k6s ;fljt eO;s]sf]
:ki6 g} 5 t/ oxfFsf ;+;bjfbL
bnfnx¿n] 9Nb} u/]sf] of] Joj:yfnfO{
6]sf] nufO/x]sf 5g\ . of] Joj:yf
¿kfGt/0fsf ljifodf xfdLn]
hgdt;+u|xsf] s'/f p7fO/x]sf 5f}+
t/ hgtfnfO{ of] clwsf/ lbg /fHosf
7]sbf/x¿ tof/ 5}gg\ . hg;+3if{,
hgdt;+ux| , ;+ljwfg ;+zf]wg jf r'gfj
h];'s} u/]/ xf];\ of] Joj:yfnfO{
abNg}k5{ To;sf] nflu g]skf slxFst}
r'Sg] 5}g .Ú
g]tf lztnn] ;dfhjfbL nIo
ljgfsf kf6L{;uF Pstf gx'g] 7f]sj' f
ub}{ eg]– …xfd|f] kf6L{sf] s'/f dfcf]jfbL
wf/sf aLrdf kf6L{ Pstf ug]k{ lg 5
t/ Pp6} ;t{df Pstf ubf{ ;dfhjfbL
nIo ljgfsf] Pstf x'Fb}g . Tof] dfq}
s'/f xf]Og Pstf ubf{ xfd|f] j}rfl/s
xltof/ PsLs[t hgqmflGtnfO{ :jLsf/
ug{k' b{5 . PsLs[t hgqmflGt s]jn
g]skfsf] dfldnf dfq} xf]Og of] tLg
s/f]8 g]kfnL hgtfnfO{ ;d[4 agfpg]
sfo{lbzf xf] . g]kfnsf] bnfn k'h F LjfbL
;+;bLo Joj:yfnfO{ lg:t]h kfb}{ g]kfnL
hgtfnfO{ ;dfhjfbdf ¿kfGt/0f ug]{
sfo{lbzf xf], of] ljgfsf] Pstf ;Dej
5}g . dfcf]jfbL wf/fsf] dfq} s'/f xf]Og
;fd|fHojfbsf lj?4 a[xt\ sDo'lg:6,
jfdkGyL, b] z eQm, qmflGtsf/L,
k|ultzLn, ;Rrf u0ftGqjfbL Pjd\
nf]stflGqs zlQmaLr klg ;xsfo{sf]
cfjZostf 5 .Ú
g] t f lztnn] /fhfjfbL /
wd{jfbLx¿sf sf/0f k|ltudgsf] vt/f
/x]sf] eGb} ;dfhjfbsf nflu dha't
;+u7g lgdf{0fdf h'6g\ g]tf sfo{stf{nfO{
lgb]z { g ;d]t lbPsf lyP .
o;}u/L, pQm a}7snfO{ ;Daf]wg
ub}{ g]skf bfªsf OGrfh{ ;ljg ;Ln]
qmflGtsf/L g] t f sfo{ s tf{ x ¿n]
kl/l:ylt / cfˆgf] lhDd]jf/Lsf]
uDeL/ af]w ug{k' g]{ atfP . pgn] eg]–
…xfd| f ] kf6L{ r' g fj ;DaGwLsf
k/Dk/fut dfGotfaf6 dfyL p7]sf]
5 . r'gfjaf/] s]xL sDo'lg:6x¿
r'gfj k|of]u ub}{ ;+zf]wgjfbL af6f]
x'Fb} lj;h{g x'g] vfnsf] 5 eg] csf]{
hgqmflGtsf ;lxb dxfgsf] :d[ltdf
zflns lgdf{ 0 f ug] { nufPtsf
lg0f{ox¿ u/]sf] 5 .
o:t} a}7sn] !@! ;b:oLo lhNnf
;ldlt, !^ ;b:oLo sfof{no ;ldlt
/ #( ;b:oLo lhNnf ;lrjfno
;ldltsf] u7g u/]sf] 5 .
a} 7 sn] bfªsf] aaO{
ufpFkflnsfsf] OGrfh{ Pjd\ ;]qm]6/Ldf
pHjn ;L, zflGtgu/ ufpFkflnsfsf]
OGrfh{df hgs ;L / ;]qm]6/Ldf
dgf]h ;L, b+luz/0f ufpFkflnsfsf]
OGrfh{ d f lhjgL ;L, t' n ;Lk' /
pkdxfgu/kflnsfsf] OGrfh{ d f
ltns ;L, ;]qm]6/Ldf ljho ;L, 3f]/fxL
pkdxfgu/kflnsfsf] OGrfh{ d f
ljsf; ;L / ;]qm]6/L dxfg ;L, ndxL
gu/kflnsfsf] ;]qm]6/Ldf k'0f{ vgfn,
/fhk'/ ufpFkflnsfsf] ;]qm]6/Ldf ;'o{
;L, u9jf ufpFkflnsfsf] OGrfh{df
u0f]z ;L / ;]qm]6/Ldf cf]d ;L,
a+unfr'nL ufpFkflnsfsf] ;]qm]6/Ldf
led ;L / /fKtL ufpFkflnsfsf]
OGrfh{df ;'/h ;L / ;]qm]6/Ldf clbk
;LnfO{ lhDd]jf/L lbOPsf] g]skfn]
hgfPsf] 5 .
o:t} a}7sn] lnPsf dxTjk"0f{
lg0f{ox¿ ;fj{hlgs ug{ h]7 ! ut]
g]kfn kqsf/ dxf;+3sf] ;efxn
3f]/fxLdf kqsf/ ;Dd]ngsf] cfof]hgf
ug]{ hgfPsf] 5 .
g]skf bfªsf ;lrj ltns ;Lsf]
cWoIftf Pjd\ ;~rfngdf a;]sf]
a} 7 ssf] k| d ' v cltly g] s kfsf
lklaPd lztn ;L, kf6L{sf s]Gb|Lo
;b:o Pjd lhNnf OGrfh{ ;ljg ;L,
kf6L{sf s]Gb|Lo ;b:o ljqmd ;L,
s]Gb|Lo ;b:o k|lbk ;L, s]Gb|Lo ;b:o
;Demgf ;L, s]Gb|Lo ;b:o kf6g h+unL
;L, kf6L{sf lhNnf ;Nnfxsf/x¿
;'/]z ;L / gj/fh ;Lsf] cfltYotf
/x]sf] lyof] . a}7sdf kf6L{sf lhNnf
;lrj ltns ;Ln] kf6L{sf] n'lDagL
k|bz] sld6Lsf] k|yd k"0f{ a}7ssf]
kl/kq jfrg u/]sf lyP .
k'“hLjfbn]=====
l;ldt JolQmdf s] l Gb| t eof] ,
;fd'lxs :jfldTjdf klg ;d:of
b]lvPsf] eGb} PsLs[t :jfldTjn]
;a}nfO{ ;d]6\g] / o;n] hgtfsf
;d:ofx¿sf] ;dfwfg ug]{ atfP .
dxf;lrj=====
k'/L;Fu hfgsf/L lnPsf 5g\ .
cfls{ 6 ] s /ljGb| k' / Ln] snf
;+/If0fdf /fHosf] Wofg gk'u]sf],
;+/If0f;DaGwL ljBfyL{x¿ ;d]t
pTkfbg ul/ g]kfnsf] df}lns snf
;+/If0fsf] nflu dfgj bIftf ;d]t
u/]sf 5g\ . d+unjf/ g]skf ;nf{xL
lhNnf ;ldltsf] a}7snfO{ ;Daf]wg
ub} { pgn] ;/sf/n] kf} 8 ] n sf]
xTof/fnfO{ sf/jfxL ug{'kg]{ dfu ub}{
cGoyf kf6L{ ;+3if{df pqg] atfP .
kf}8]nsf] cfdf b'uf{b]jL kf}8]nn]
tTsfnLg u[xdGqL /fdjxfb'/ yfkf,
k|x/L k|d'v ;j]{Gb| vgfn, d]o/ e/t
s'df/ yfkf, s]8L ;fxnufot lj?4
ls6fgL hfx]/L lbPls lyOg\ . /fli6«o
dfgj clwsf/ cfof] u , OG;] s
nufot dfgj clwsf/jfbL
;+:yfx¿n] s'df/ kf}8]nsf] xTof
u} / sfg" g L / lgotj; ePsf] /
eL8Gt gePsf] atfPsf lyP .
eL8Gt ePsf] eGg] k|x/Lsf] bfjLnfO{
3f–hfFr -kf]:6df6{d_ k|ltj]bgn] ;d]t
emf]7f] ;fljt u/]sf] lyof] . k|wfgdGqL
k| r 08n] PsLs[ t hgqmflGtsf
;xLbx¿ cfˆgf] klg ;lxb ePsf]
;fj{hlgs ¿kn] :jLsf/ u/]sf] sf/0f
ck/fwLx¿nfO{ Goflos s73/fdf
NofP/ kLl8t kl/jf/nfO{ Gofo lbg'kg]{
OGrfh{ clgn ;Ln] atfPsf 5g\ .
cfly{s=====
– /fhgLlts kl/jt{gsf nflu ;z:q
;+ 3 if{ nufotsf cfGbf] n gsf
of]4fx¿nfO{ u0ftflGqs of]4f ;Ddfg
k|bfg ug]{ Joj:yf ldnfOg]5 . åGåsf
qmddf ckfË ePsf JolQmx¿sf]
ckfËtf k|ltztnfO{ k'g/fjnf]sg tyf
k'glg{wf{/0f u/L cf}ifwf]krf/sf nflu
/fli6«o 6«df ;]G6/ / jL/ c:ktfnnfO{
8]l8s]68] c:ktfnsf ¿kdf tf]lsg]5 .
– hfh/sf]6, aemfª, 8f]6L s]Gb|laGb'
agfO{ uPsf e"sDkaf6 Iflt ePsf
lghL cfjf; tyf ;fj{hlgs ;+/rgfsf]
k|anLs/0f, k'glg{df{0f / k'gM:yfkgf
sfo{ zL3| ;DkGg ul/g]5 .
– ;+ 3 Lo lghfdtL ;] j f sfg" g
oyfzL3| sfof{Gjogdf NofO{g]5 .
– ;/sf/L ;]jfk|jfxdf 6f]sg / 6fOd
sf8{ k|0ffnL nfu' ul/g]5 .
– blnt ;d'bfosf k/Dk/fut ;Lk,
1fg / k];fnfO{ cfw'lgsLs/0f Pj+
Joj;flosLs/0f ug{ ;ftj6} k|bz ] df
…lzNkL pBdzLntf ljz]if sfo{qmdÚ
;~rfng ul/g] 5 . d' l :nd,
lk5l8Psf ju{ / cflbjf;L
hghfltsf] pTyfgsf nflu ljz]if
sfo{qmd sfof{Gjog ul/g]5 .
– 7uL, ld6/ Aofhnufotsf cg'lrt
n]gb]g, hfn;fhLh:tf cfly{s tyf
ljQLo ck/fw / ;fj{hlgs ;DklQ
Pj+ ;|ft] ;fwgsf] cg'lrt bf]xgh:tf
@)*! ;fn h]7 ^ ut] cfOtaf/
j}1flgs ;dfhjfbL lzIff k|0ffnL :yfkgf ug{ Pstfj4 xf]cf}+
sf7df8f}F . clvn g]kfn ljBfyL{ nufOof] . k~rfotL ;/sf/sf] g]kfndf clxn] bnfn k'FhLjfbL
o" l gog -;dfhjfbL_ j} 1 flgs lg/+sz' tf / bdgsf lj?4 lg/Gt/sf] ;+ ; bLo cy{ / fhgLlts Joj:yf
;dfhjfbL lzIff k|0ffnL :yfkgfsf] ljBfyL{ cfGbf] n gsf] k| l t/f] w / rln/x]sf] 5 / o;n] g]kfndf lzIffdf
cfGbf]ngdf Pstfj4 x'g clkn ;+3if{af6 @)@) ;fn efb| @) ut] gjpbf/jfbL gLltsf] cjnDjg u/]sf]
u/]sf] 5 . g]kfn sDo'lg:6 kf6L{lgs6 lqljdf klxnf] k6s :jljo'sf] lgjf{rg 5 . lzIff / :jf:Yo h:tf] ;+jb] gzLn
;f] ;+u7gsf cWoIf g/]Gb| ;L n] ^) eof] . @)@! j}zfv !% b]lv @% ljifox¿sf] lhDd] j f/Ljf6 /fHo
cf}F ljBfyL{ lbj;sf] cj;/df lj1lKt
hf/L ub}{ ;f] clkn u/]sf x'g\ .
cWoIf g/]Gb| ;L åf/f hf/L
lj1lKtdf elgPsf] 5– …g]kfndf
clxn] bnfn k' F h LjfbL ;+ ; bLo
cy{/fhgLlts Joj:yf rln/x]sf] 5
/ o;n] g]kfndf lzIffdf gjpbf/jfbL
gLltsf] cjnDjg u/]sf] 5 . lzIff
/ :jf:Yo h:tf] ;+ j ] b gzLn
ljifox¿sf] lhDd]jf/Ljf6 /fHo
klG5/x]sf] 5 / r/d Jofkf/Ls/0fsf]
ljifo agfO{Psf] 5 . /fli6«o cy{tGq
/ lzIffnox¿ ghf]l8bf z}lIfs
;+:yfx¿ z}lIfs j]/f]huf/ hGdfpg]
;+:yf jlg/x]sf 5g\ . jif]l{ g nfvf}s
F f]
;+Vofdf o'jf–ljBfyL{x¿ ljb]zLg jfWo
5g\ . /fli6« o tfdfly ulDe/
;d:ofx¿ cfO{/x]sf 5g\ . t;y{
nfvf}F g]kfnL ljBfyL{x¿nfO{ bnfn
k'FhLjfbL ;+;bLo cy{/fhgLlts
Joj:yf / lzIffdf ePsf]
gjpbf/jfbL gLlt / Jofkf/Ls/0fsf
lj?4 g]kfnL ljz]iftfsf] ;dfhjfb
/ j}1flgs ;dfhjfbL lzIff k|0ffnL
:yfkgfsf] cfGbf]ngdf P]stfj4 x'g
^) cf}+ ljBfyL{ lbj;sf] cj;/df
cfXjfg ub{5f}F .Ú ;Dd sf7df08f}+df ePsf] cGt/ klG5/x]sf] 5 / r/d Jofkf/Ls/0fsf]
o; ljifodf clvn g]kfn ljBfyL{ sn]h:t/Lo ljBfyL{ ;Dd]ngn] @)@! ljifo agfO{Psf] 5 . /fli6«o cy{tGq
o"lgog -;dfhjfbL_ sf cWoIf g/]Gb| h]7 ! ut]af6 :jljo' :jtGq x'gk' g],{ / lzIffnox¿ ghf]l8bf z}lIfs
;L åf/f hf/L lj1lKt o;k|sf/ /x]sf] uf]vf{ elt{ aGb x'g'kg]{, :jljo' ;+:yfx¿ z}lIfs j]/f]huf/ hGdfpg]
5– …g]kfnL ljBfyL{ cfGbf]ngsf] SofDk;x¿sf cnfj ljBfnodf klg ;+:yf jlg/x]sf 5g\ . jif]l{ g nfvf}s
F f]
P]ltxfl;s ;Gbe{ af]s]sf] ljBfyL{ x' g ' k g] { , ljBfyL{ n fO{ oftfoft / ;+Vofdf o'jf–ljBfyL{x¿ ljb]zLg jfWo
lbj; -h]7 !_ sf] ul/df / dxTj c:ktfndf 5'6 / ljBfyL{x¿ ufFpdf 5g\ . /fli6« o tfdfly ulDe/
cfhklg plQs} 5 . of] uf}/jk'0f{ ;]jf ug{ hfg] nufotsf dfux¿ ;d:ofx¿ cfO{/x]sf 5g\ . t;y{
;Gbe{ d f xfdL cfd g] k fnL /flv cfGbf]ng ;'? ePsf] P]ltxfl;s nfvf}F g]kfnL ljBfyL{x¿nfO{ bnfn
ljBfyL{x¿nfO{ xflb{s z'esfdgf lbgsf ¿kdf ljBfyL{ lbj; :yflkt k'FhLjfbL ;+;bLo cy{/fhgLlts
JoQm ub{5f}F . 5 . ;f] cfGbf]ngdf /fHon] u/]sf] Joj:yf / lzIffdf ePsf] gjpbf/jfbL
g]kfnsf] /fhgLlts O{ltxf;df r/d bdg / ljBfyL{x¿sf] lg/Gt/sf] gLlt / Jofkf/Ls/0fsf lj?4 g]kfnL
@)!& ;fndf lg/+s'z k~rfotL ;+3if{ / k|lt/f]wsf] andf k~rfotL ljz]iftfsf] ;dfhjfb / j}1flgs
Joj:yf nflbPkl5 /fhgLlts bn, ;/sf/ ljBfyL{ cfGbf]ng ;fd' 3F'8f ;dfhjfbL lzIff k|0ffnL :yfkgfsf]
;+3 ;+u7gx¿ k|ltjlGwt eP . 6]Sg afWo eof] / ljBfyL{sf dfux¿ cfGbf]ngdf P]stfj4 x'g ^) cf}+
@)!* ;fndf NofO{Psf] /fli6«o k'/f eP . of] P]ltxfl;s cfGbf]ng ljBfyL{ lbj;sf] cj;/df cfXjfg
lgb]{zg P]g hf/L ePkl5 :jljo' ;'? ePsf] lbg -h]7 !_ ljBfyL{ ub{5f}F ;fy} of] ca;/df xflb{s
h:tf] ;+ y f dfly klg k| l tjGw lbj;sf] ¿kdf :yflkt 5 . z'esfdgf JoQm ub{5f}F .Ú

tftf] xfjf ‘n'’af6 hf]lug] pkfo

tl/sf qmflGtsf rsf{rsf{ s'/f ug]{
r'gfjnfO{ vf/]h ug]{ t/ hgtfaf6
s6\b} hfg] vfnsf] klg 5 . t/ xfd|f]
kf6L{ n ] r' g fj ;DaGwLsf oL
dfGotfaf6 dfyL p7] s f] 5 .
r'gfjnfO{ PsLs[t hgqmflGtsf]
df]rf{sf] ¿kdf a'‰g'k5{ .Ú
g]tf ;ljgn] g]skfk|lt hgtfsf]
c6'6 dfof / cufw ljZjf; ePsfn]
g]tf sfo{stf{x¿ hgtfsf] ;'vb'Mvdf
xd]zf ;fydf /xg lgb]z { g lbP .
o;} u /L, g] s kf bfªsf] t] ; | f ]
cfjlws of]hgfsf] k|yd k"0f{ a}7sn]
h]7 !@ ut]leq ;a} kflnsfsf] a}7s
al;;Sg], ;a} j8f sld6L u7g–
k'g{u7g ug]{, If]qLo:t/df kf6L{
;b:o;Ddsf] k|lzIf0f sfo{qmd ug],{
k|To]s j8fdf cGt/lqmof ug],{ kf6L{sf]
sfof{no agfpg], kflnsf:t/sf kf6L{
sfof{nox¿ Jojl:yt ug],{ ;dfhjfb
;DaGwL gf/fx¿ jflnª ug],{ cj}w
glbhGo kbfy{sf] pTvgg lj?4 ;+3if{
ug],{ ls;fgnfO{ dn, aLplahg ;xh
pknAwtfsf nflu kxn ug],{ lhNnfdf
zflGt ¥ofnLsf] cfof] h gf ug] { ,
ld6/Jofh, n3'ljQ kLl8tsf kIfdf
;+3if{ ug]{, hgk|ltlglwx¿n] u/]sf]
JolytL lj?4 ;+3if{ ug],{ t'n;Lk'/sf]
Po/kf]6{ :t/pGgtLsf nflu dfukq
a'emfpg], u'7L Pjd\ ;'s'Daf;Lsf]
kIfdf P] S oa4tf;lxt ;+ 3 if{ d f
;xefuL x'g,] lhNnfdf ljleGg cfly{s
clej[ l 4 ul//x] s f] / ul//xg]
k| l ta4tf ;d] t dxf;lrj;dIf
k|:t't u/]sf lyP .
;f]xL cj;/df dxf;lrj ljKnj
;LnfO{ eQmk'/sf] df}lns afhfufhf;lxt
eJo :jfut ul/Psf] lyof]] .
hgtfsf]=====
hf/L u/]sf] lyof] .
o;}u/L, g]kfn sDo'lg:6 kf6L{sf
:yfoL ;ldlt ;b:o tyf dw];
k|b]z OGrfh{ clgn ;Ln] pk]Gb|
ofbj g]t[Tjsf] hgtf ;dfhjfbL
kf6L{ -h;kf g]kfn_ ljeflht x'g'df
cd] l /sL b" t fjf;;lxt klZrdL
;fd|fHojfbsf] xft /x]sf] cf/f]k
nufPsf 5g\ . ;f]daf/ dxf]Q/L
lhNnf kf6L{sf] a}7snfO{ ;Daf]wg
ub} { clgnn] dw] ; df cd] l /sL
;fd|Hojfbsf bnfnx¿sf] k|e'Tj
a9fpg h;kf ljefhg u/]sf] cf/f]k
nufPsf x' g \ . h;kfdf ePsf]
ljefhgn] dB] ; df cd] l /sL
;fd|fHojfbsf bnfnx¿sf] k|e'Tj
a9\g ;Sg] lrGtf AoQm ub}{ pgn]
Tof] /f]u cGo kf6L{x¿df ;g{ ;Sg]
lrGtf klg JoQm u/]sf 5g\ . lhNnf
kf6L{ ;lrj /fhg ;Lsf] cWoIftfdf
ePsf] a} 7 sdf kf6L{ s f s] G b| L o
g]tfx/ lsd ;L, kjg ;L nufotsf]
pkl:ylt /x]sf] k|fKt ;dfrf/df
hgfOPsf] 5 .
u}/sfg"gL sfo{nfO{ s8fOsf ;fy
lgoGq0f ul/g]5 .
– k|jf;df a:g] g]kfnL gful/ssf]
dtflwsf/ ;'lglZrt ug{ cfjZos
sfg"gL Pj+ Joj:yfksLo k|aGw
ldnfOg]5 . Ø ;s];Dd lbp“;f] 3/af6 aflx/ glg:sg] .
– k"j{ /fhkl/jf/sf] :jfldTjsf]
;DklQ vf]hlag tyf ;+/If0fnfO{
lg/Gt/tf lbg' s f ;fy} k| f Kt
Ø lg:sg} k/] kftnf] sk8fn] 6fpsf] 5f]Kg] jf 5ftf cf]8g\ ] .
;DklQsf] ;d'lrt pkof]usf nflu
Jofj;flos tyf /0fgLlts of]hgf
Ø kmnk"mnsf] /; / kfgL k|z:t lkpg] .
agfO{ sfof{Gjog ul/g]5 .
– /fli6«otf, /fli6«o ;'/Iff, k//fi6« Ø w]/} kl;gf cfPdf hLjghn lkpg] .
;DaGw, /0fgLlts k"jf{wf/ Pj+ ;fdflhs–
cfly{s ¿kfGt/0fsf cfwf/e"t ljifodf
/fli6«o ;xdlt lgdf{0f ul/g]5 . ;Ldf
Ø lr;f] kfgLn] g'xfpg] .
;d:of ;dfwfgsf nflu s"6gLlts kxn
ul/g]5 .
Ø sfdsfh ;se/ laxfg jf a]ns ' f ug{] .
– t/fO{–dw]; If]qdf yf]s ljt/0f
k|0ffnLdfkm{t\ vfg]kfgL cfk"lt{ ug{ Ø dlb/f ;]jg gug{] .
lj:t[t cWoog ug{'sf ;fy} l8k
6\oa' j]n h8fg u/L vfg]kfgL pknAw Ø ;s];Dd lrof, skmL, ;f]8f h:tf k]o kbfy{ glkpg] .
u/fpg] Joj:yf ldnfOg]5 .
– d]nDrL vfg]kfgL cfof]hgfaf6 afx|}
dlxgf vfg]kfgL cfk"lt{ x'g] Joj:yf
ldnfO{ sf7df8f}F pkTosfsf] rqmky
aflx/ / eQmk'/ lhNnfsf] c/lgsf]
/fhdfu{;Fu hf]l8Psf If]qdf qmdzM
vfg]kfgL cfk"lt{ ul/g]5 . sf7df8f}F g] k fn ;/sf/

lj1fkg af]8{
sf]ifx¿ v8f ug]{, lhNnfsf ;a} o;} u /L, g] k fn sDo' l g:6 pkTosfsf] vfg]kfgL ;d:ofsf] lbuf]
kflnsfdf PsLs[ t :jfldTjsf kf6L{sf :yfoL ;ldlt ;b:o tyf ;dfwfg ug{ lzjk' / L /fli6« o
cfw/df pTkfbgnfO{ Jojl:yt ug],{ dw]; k|b];sf O~rfh{ clgn ;Ln] lgs'~hnufotsf hnfwf/ If]qdf
3f] / fxLdf ;L lkmgfOn pBf] u ;/sf/;Fu s'df/ kf}8]nsf] /x]sf ;|f]taf6 kfgL ;+sng u/L
;~rfngdf Nofpg] , PsLs[ t xTof/fx¿nfO{ sf/jfxL ug{ dfu ljt/0f ug]{ k|aGw ldnfOg]5 .
If]Kof:q k|sfzg s]Gb|åf/f k|sflzt, ;Dkfbs M /fh]Gb|k|;fb lrdf}l/of, sfof{no M yfkfufpF, sf7df8f}F, df]afOn M (*$!$)#*%!,
E-mail : chhepyastra@gmail.com,website: www.janakhabar.com d'bs
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