university of basrah

Solution Exercise 3
Numerical Methods
By: Jassim Hameed
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Step 1

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The bisection method uses the midpoint of an interval to perform the iterations to approximate the
root of an equation in that interval. The midpoint of the interval: (a, b)is calculated using the
formula: c = a+b
2
.

1.

The point of intersection of the curves sin x and x 3 − 1can be calculated by solving the equation:
sin x = 3x − 1. This equation can also be written as sin x − 3x+ 1 = 0. Let
f(x) = sin x − x3 + 1.

The four steps bisection algorithm can be defined as follows.

1. Select the interval: [a, b]such that a < band f(a) ⋅ f(b) < 0.
2. Calculate the midpoint of the interval: [a, b]using the formula: c = a+b 2
.
3. Select the interval [a, c], if f(a) ⋅ f(c) < 0or else select the interval: [c, b], if f(c) ⋅ f(b) < 0.
4. Repeat this process until f(c) ≈ 0or |f(c)| ≤ Accuracy.

The value table of f(x) = sin x − x3 + 1 can be made as follows.

x 0 1 2

f(x) 1 0.84147 -6.0907

Since f(1)f(2) < 0 , select the starting interval as [1, 2]and follow the steps above to make the
iteration table as follows.

a+b
n a f(a) b f(b) c = 2
f(c)

1 1 0.84147 2 -6.0907 1.5 -1.37751

2 1 0.84147 1.5 -1.37751 1.25 -0.00414

3 1 0.84147 1.25 -0.00414 1.125 0.47844

4 1.125 0.47844 1.25 -0.00414 1.1875 0.25288

5 1.1875 0.25288 1.25 -0.00414 1.21875 0.1284

6 1.21875 0.1284 1.25 -0.00414 1.23438 0.06315

7 1.23438 0.06315 1.25 -0.00414 1.24219 0.02976

8 1.24219 0.02976 1.25 -0.00414 1.24609 0.01287

9 1.24609 0.01287 1.25 -0.00414 1.24805 0.00438

10 1.24805 0.00438 1.25 -0.00414 1.24902 0.00013

11 1.24902 0.00013 1.25 -0.00414 1.24951 -0.00201

12 1.24902 0.00013 1.24951 -0.00201 1.24927 -0.00094

13 1.24902 0.00013 1.24927 -0.00094 1.24915 -0.00041

14 1.24902 0.00013 1.24915 -0.00041 1.24908 -0.00014

15 1.24902 0.00013 1.24908 -0.00014 1.24905 0

The iteration stops after 15 iterations as f(1. 24905) = 0. Hence, the root of the equation: f(x) = 0
is x ≈ 1. 24905
.