Bài 2 - Viết lại câu trắc nghiệm (Buổi 2)

ĐĂNG KÍ HỌC TẠI FANPAGE: TÀI LIỆU KHÓA HỌC WISE OWL
CHUYÊN ĐỀ VIẾT LẠI CÂU TRẮC NGHIỆM

BÀI 2:
A – LÝ THUYẾT
I. ĐẢO NGỮ
1. Đảo ngữ với No/ Not
No + Noun + Auxiliary + S + Verb ( inf).
Not any + Noun + Auxiliary + S + Verb (inf).
Ex: I won’t lend you any money from now on.
=> Not any/No money will I lend you from now on.
2. Đảo ngữ với trạng từ phủ định
Các trạng từ phủ định dùng trong câu đảo ngữ: never, rarely, seldom, little, hardly ever.
• Rarely:
Ex: I have rarely seen such a beautiful building as Ljubljana, the capital of Slovenia.
=> Rarely have I seen such a beautiful building as Ljubljana, the capital of Slovenia.
• Seldom:
Ex: I seldom go to school late.
=> Seldom do I go to school late.
• Hardly ever:
Ex: He hardly ever speaks in the public.
=> Hardly ever does he speak in the public.
• Never:
Ex: She has never seen such a beautiful house in her life.
=> Never in her life has she seen such a beautiful picture.
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This is the first time I have seen such an interesting film.
=> Never before have I seen such an interesting film.
3. Đảo ngữ với Only
• Only once:
Ex: Only once have I met her.
• Only later:
Ex: Only a week later did we realize what had happened.
• Only in this/that way:
Ex: Only in this way can we succeed.
• Only then:
Ex: Only then did I realize that I had left my purpose at home.
• Only when + clause, (inv):
Ex: Only when I arrived at the airport, did I realize that I had left my passport at home.
• Only if + clause:
Ex: Only if you practice English at least 2 hours a day can you master it.
• Only after + Noun/V-ing/clause:
Ex: Only after a twelve hour-wait, did my flight leave.
Only after posting the letter, did I realize that I had forgotten to put on a stamp.
• Only by + noun/V-ing:
Ex: Only by practicing English at least 2 hours a day can you master it.
• Only with + Noun:
Ex: Only with a big sum of money can you buy a house in Hanoi.
• Only in + adverb of time/place:
Ex: Only in April is there this kind of flower.
4. Đảo ngữ với các cụm từ có No
• At no time:
Ex: The outcome of the election was never in doubt.
=> At no time was the outcome of the election in doubt.
He never suspected that she was a witch.
=> At no time did he suspect that she was a witch.
• On no account:
Ex: You mustn’t touch the switch on any account.
=> On no account must you touch the switch.
• On no condition:
Ex: On no condition shall we accept their proposal.
• Under/In no circumstances:
Ex: The money is not to be paid under any circumstances.
=> Under no circumstances is the money to be paid.
• For no reason:
Ex: For no reason must you play truant.
• In no way:
Ex: The shop can in no way be held responsible for customers' lost property.
=> In no way can the shop be held responsible for customers' lost property.
• No longer:
Ex: He used to smoke 20 cigarettes a day.
=> No longer does he smoke 20 cigarettes a day.
5. Đảo ngữ với “No sooner…than”; “Hardly/ Barely/ Scarcely….when”
No sooner + had + S + P2 + than + clause
Hardly
Barely + had + S + P2 + when+ clause
Scarcely
Ex: 1. I had no sooner arrived home than the phone rang.
=> No sooner had I arrived home than the phone rang.
2. I had hardly arrived home when the phone rang.
=> Hardly had I arrived home when the phone rang.
3. She just had time to put up her umbrella before the rain came down in torrents.
=> No sooner had she put up her umbrella than the rain came down in torrents.
4. She had hardly begun to speak before people started interrupting her.
=> Hardly had she begun to speak when people started interrupting her.
6. Đảo ngữ với “Not until”
Not until/till ( then/later)
Not until/till + Clause + Au + S + V
Ex: He couldn’t speak until he was 8
=> Not until he was 8, could he speak
= It was not until he was 8 that he could speak.
7. Đảo ngữ với “Not only…but also”
Not only + Au + S+ V, but….also…
Not only + tobe + S + N/adj, but…also
Ex: He is not only good at English but he can also draw very well.
=> Not only is he good at English but he can also draw very well.
8. Đảo ngữ với Nowhere
Nowhere + Auxi + S + V
Ex: You won’t find a more dedicated worker anywhere than Mrs Jones.
=> Nowhere will you find a more dedicated worker than Mrs Jones.
9. Đảo ngữ với So/Such
9.1. Đảo ngữ với So
So + adj/adv + Au + S + that + clause
Ex: He worked so hard that he forgot his lunch.
=> So hard did he work that he forgot his lunch.
The play is so popular that the theatre is likely to be full every night.
=> So popular is the play that the theatre is likely to be full every night.
9.2. Đảo ngữ với Such:
Such + Be + Noun + that + clause
Ex: She is so beautiful that I can’t take my eyes off her.
=> Such is her beauty that I can’t take my eyes off her.
Her grief is so great that she almost fainted.
=> Such is her grief that she almost fainted.
10. Đảo ngữ trong câu điều kiện
10.1. Đảo ngữ trong câu điều kiện loại I.
If+ S + (should)+ V, S + will + V.inf
=> Should + S + V.inf, S + will + V.inf
Ex: If he comes, I’ll call the police.
=> Should he come, I’ll call the police.
10.2. Đảo ngữ trong câu điều kiện loại II
• Câu có động từ tobe:
If S + were + …, S + would + V.inf
=> Were + S + …, S+ would + V.inf
Ex: If I were you, I wouldn't do that.
=> Were I you, I wouldn't do that.
• Câu dùng động từ thường:
If S + V.ed, S + would + V.inf
=> Were + S + to V.inf, S+ would + V.inf
Ex: If I knew Portuguese, I’d speak to Ronaldo.
=> Were I to know Portuguese, I’d speak to Ronaldo.
10.3. Đảo ngữ trong câu điều kiện loại III
If + S + had P2, S + would have P2
=> Had + S + P2, S + would have P2
Ex: If he had trained hard, he would have won the match.
=> Had he trained hard, he would have won the match
Lưu ý: Với những câu điều kiện phủ định, khi đảo ngữ ta để NOT sau chủ ngữ.
Ex: If I hadn’t seen it with my own eyes, I wouldn't have believed it.
=> Had I not seen it with my own eyes, I wouldn't have believed it.
Vận dụng:
1. We survived that accident because we were wearing our seat belts.
A. But for our seat belts, we would have survived that accident.
B. Had we not been wearing our seat belts, we wouldn’t have survived that accident.
C. Without our seat belts, we could have survived that accident.
D. If we weren’t wearing our seat belts, we couldn’t have survived that accident.
2. It is not until the sun is shining brightly that the little girl woke up.
A. No sooner is the sun shining brightly than the little girl woke up.
B. Not until the little girl woke up is the sun shining brightly.
C. Not until the sun is shining brightly did the little girl wake up.
D. As soon as the little girl woke up, the sun hasn‘t shone brightly yet.
3. No sooner had she put the telephone down than her boss rang back.
A. Hardly she had hung up, she rang her boss immediately.
B. As soon as her boss rang back, she put down the telephone.
C. She had hardly put the telephone down without her boss rang back.
D. Scarcely had she put the telephone down when her boss rang back
4. You can refuse to answer my question in no way.
A. In no way you can refuse to answer my question.
B. In no way can you refuse to answer my question.
C. In no way you refuse to answer my question.
D. In no way do you refuse to answer my question.
5. The basketball team knew they lost the match. They soon started to blame each other.
A. Hardly had the basketball team known they lost the match when they started
to blame each other.
B. As soon as they blamed each other, the basketball team knew they lost the match.
C. Not only did the basketball team lose the match but they blamed each other as well.
D. No sooner had the basketball team started to blame each other than they knew they
lost the match.
6. He can hardly understand this matter because he is too young.
A. This matter is too hard to understand.
B. Hardly can he understand this matter because he is too young.
C. The matter is difficult but he can understand it.
D. He is young but he can understand this matter.
7. We had no sooner got to know our neighbors than they moved away.
A. Soon after we got to know our neighbors, we stopped having contact with them.
B. Hardly had we become acquainted with our new neighbors when they went
somewhere else to live.
C. If our new neighbors had stayed longer, we would have got to know them better.
D. Once we had got used to our new neighbors, they moved somewhere else.
8. We arrived at the conference. Then we realized our reports were still at home.
A. We arrived at the conference and realized that our reports were still at home.
B. It was until we arrived at the conference that we realize our reports were still at
home.
C. Not until we arrived at the conference did we realize that our reports were still at
home.
D. Not until had we arrived at the conference we realized our reports were still at
home.
9. They arrived late, so they didn’t have good seats.
A. However late they arrived, they had very good seats.
B. The late arrivers still had good seats.
C. Had they arrived earlier, they might have got good seats.
D. Unless they arrived earlier, they wouldn’t have good seats.
10. They cancelled all the sporting events because of the heavy rain.
A. Without the heavy rain, they wouldn’t cancel all the sporting events.
B. If it hadn’t rained heavily, they would have cancelled all the sporting events.
C. If it didn’t rain heavily, they wouldn’t cancel all the sporting events.
D. Had it not rained heavily, they wouldn’t have cancelled all the sporting events.
II. CÂU CHỦ ĐỘNG- BỊ ĐỘNG
1. Công thức bị động
Công thức chung: S + be + P2
Tenses Active Passive

Simple Present S+V+O S+ be +P2 + by + O
Present S + am/is/are + V-ing + O S+ am/is/are + being+ P2 + by +
continuous O
Present Perfect S + has/have + P2 + O S + has/have + been + P2 + by +
O
Simple Past S + V-ed + O S + was/were + P2 +

by + O
Past Continuous S + was/were + V-ing + O S+ was/were + being+
P2 + by + O
Past Perfect S+ had + P2+O S + had + been + P2 +
by + O
Simple Future S + will/shall + V + O S + will + be + P2 + by
+O
Future Perfect S + will/shall + have + P2 + S + will + have + been
O + P2 + by + O
Be going to S + am/is/are + going to + V + S + am/is/are + going to + be + P2
O + by + O
Modal Verbs S + model verb + V + O S + model verb + be + P2 + by +
S + modal Verb + have +P2 O
S + modal Verb + have been +P2
2. Bị động câu tường thuật
SOMEONE SAY
PEOPLE + KNOW + THAT + S2 + V2
THEY THINK
FIND
RUMOUR
BELIEVE
↔ IT + BE + PP + THAT........
↔ S2 + BE + PP1 + TO_INF/ TO HAVE + PP2
Examples:
They say that he speaks English well.
↔ It is said that he speaks English well.
↔ He is said to speak English well.
People rumored that he had died in the battle.
↔ It was rumored that he had died in battle.
↔ He was rumored to have died in battle.
3. Bị động câu cầu khiến
S + HAVE + sb+ BARE INF.....
= S + GET + sb+ TO_INF
= S + HAVE/GET + st+ PP...........
(Nhờ ai đó làm việc gì)
Ex:
I have my brother repair my bike
= I get my brother to repair my bike.
= I have/ get my bike repaired by my brother.
Vận dụng:
1. Is anyone checking your essay about the environmental pollution?
A. Are you having your essay about the environmental pollution checked?
B. Are you checking your essay about the environmental pollution?
C. Are you going to check your essay about the environmental pollution?
D. Are you having someone to check your essay about the environmental pollution?
2. No one has told me about the change of plan.
A. I have not been told about the change of plan.
B. I have not told about the change of plan.
C. The change of plan has been told about
D. I have been told about the change of plan.
3. They reported that the teachers expected more.
A. The teachers were reported to have been expected of more.
B. The teachers were expected more.
C. The teachers were reported to have expected more.
D. The teachers were reported to expect more.
4. It is expected that tax increases will be announced in tomorrow’s budget statement.
A. Tax increases are expected to be announced in tomorrow’s budget statement.
B. It is expected that people will announce in tomorrow budget tax increases.
C. In tomorrow’s budget statement tax increases are expected to announce.
D. Hope that they will announce tax increases in tomorrow’s budget statement.
5. People say that Cameron was the best director of his time.
A. It was said that Cameron was the best director of his time.
B. Cameron is said to be the bat director of his time.
C. Cameron is said to have been the best director of his time.
D. Cameron was said to have been the best director of his time.
6. People think that Alexander Fleming discovered penicillin in 1928.
A. It was thought that Alexander Fleming discovered penicillin in 1928.
B. Alexander Fleming was thought to have discovered penicillin in 1928
C. Penicillin is thought to have been discovered by Alexander Fleming in 1928.
D. Alexander Fleming discovered penicillin in 1928 is thought.
7. People believe that he is a kind doctor.
A. He is loved by people because he is a kind doctor.
B. Everybody admires him because he is a kind doctor.
C. He is believed to be a kind doctor.
D. He is really a kind doctor.
8. Nobody has cleaned the room for two months.
A. The room for two months hasn’t been cleaned.
B. The room has been cleaned by nobody for two months.
C. The room hasn’t been cleaned for two months.
D. The room hasn’t been cleaned by somebody for two months.
9. Mary informed the police of the news.
A. The police was informed of the news.
B. The news was informed of the police.
C. The police were informed of the news.
D. The police of the news was informed by Mary.
10. They will ask you a lot of questions at the interview.
A. You will be asked a lot of questions at the interview.
B. You will be asked a lot of questions at the interview by them.
C. A lot of questions will be asked you at the interview.
D. A lot of questions will be asked at the interview.

Bài 2 - Viết lại câu trắc nghiệm (Buổi 2)

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ĐĂNG KÍ HỌC TẠI FANPAGE: TÀI LIỆU KHÓA HỌC WISE OWL

CHUYÊN ĐỀ VIẾT LẠI CÂU TRẮC NGHIỆM

1. Đảo ngữ với No/ Not

No + Noun + Auxiliary + S + Verb ( inf).

Not any + Noun + Auxiliary + S + Verb (inf).

Ex: I won’t lend you any money from now on.

2. Đảo ngữ với trạng từ phủ định

Ex: I seldom go to school late.

=> Seldom do I go to school late.

Ex: He hardly ever speaks in the public.

=> Hardly ever does he speak in the public.

This is the first time I have seen such an interesting film.

=> Never before have I seen such an interesting film.

3. Đảo ngữ với Only

Ex: Only once have I met her.

Ex: Only a week later did we realize what had happened.

• Only in this/that way:

Ex: Only in this way can we succeed.

• Only when + clause, (inv):

• Only after + Noun/V-ing/clause:

Ex: Only after a twelve hour-wait, did my flight leave.

• Only with + Noun:

• Only in + adverb of time/place:

Ex: Only in April is there this kind of flower.

4. Đảo ngữ với các cụm từ có No

Ex: The outcome of the election was never in doubt.

=> At no time was the outcome of the election in doubt.

He never suspected that she was a witch.

=> At no time did he suspect that she was a witch.

Ex: You mustn’t touch the switch on any account.

=> On no account must you touch the switch.

Ex: On no condition shall we accept their proposal.

Ex: The money is not to be paid under any circumstances.

=> Under no circumstances is the money to be paid.

Ex: For no reason must you play truant.

Ex: He used to smoke 20 cigarettes a day.

=> No longer does he smoke 20 cigarettes a day.

5. Đảo ngữ với “No sooner…than”; “Hardly/ Barely/ Scarcely….when”

No sooner + had + S + P2 + than + clause

Barely + had + S + P2 + when+ clause

Ex: 1. I had no sooner arrived home than the phone rang.

=> No sooner had I arrived home than the phone rang.

2. I had hardly arrived home when the phone rang.

=> Hardly had I arrived home when the phone rang.

6. Đảo ngữ với “Not until”

Not until/till ( then/later)

Not until/till + Clause + Au + S + V

Ex: He couldn’t speak until he was 8

=> Not until he was 8, could he speak

= It was not until he was 8 that he could speak.

7. Đảo ngữ với “Not only…but also”

Not only + Au + S+ V, but….also…

Not only + tobe + S + N/adj, but…also

8. Đảo ngữ với Nowhere

9. Đảo ngữ với So/Such

9.1. Đảo ngữ với So

So + adj/adv + Au + S + that + clause

Ex: He worked so hard that he forgot his lunch.

=> So hard did he work that he forgot his lunch.

9.2. Đảo ngữ với Such:

Such + Be + Noun + that + clause

Ex: She is so beautiful that I can’t take my eyes off her.

Her grief is so great that she almost fainted.

=> Such is her grief that she almost fainted.