đảo ngữ 2

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ĐẢO NGỮ (2)
VI. ĐẢO NGỮ VỚI “NO SOONER…THAN;

HARDLY/BARELY/SCARCELY…THAN”
No sooner + had + S + P2 + than + clause
Hardly
Barely + had + S + P2 + when+ clause
Scarcely
Ex: 1. I had no sooner arrived home than the phone rang.
=> No sooner had I arrived home than the phone rang.
2. I had hardly arrived home when the phone rang.
=> Hardly had I arrived home when the phone rang.
3. She just had time to put up her umbrella before the rain came down in torrents.
=> No sooner had she put up her umbrella than the rain came down in torrents.
4. She had hardly begun to speak before people started interrupting her.
=> Hardly had she begun to speak when people started interrupting her.
VII. ĐẢO NGỮ VỚI “NOT UNTIL”
Not until/till ( then/later)
Not until/till + Clause + Au + S + V
Ex: He couldn’t speak until he was 8
=> Not until he was 8, could he speak
= It was not until he was 8 that he could speak.
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VIII. ĐẢO NGỮ VỚI “NOT ONLY…BUT ALSO”
Not only + Au + S+ V, but….also…
Not only + tobe + S + N/adj, but…also
Ex: He is not only good at English but he can also draw very well.
=> Not only is he good at English but he can also draw very well.
IX. ĐẢO NGỮ VỚI “NOWHERE”
Nowhere + Auxi + S + V
Ex: You won’t find a more dedicated worker anywhere than Mrs Jones.
=> Nowhere will you find a more dedicated worker than Mrs Jones.
- Nowhere do I feel as comfortable as I do at home.
X. ĐẢO NGỮ VỚI SO/SUCH
1. Đảo ngữ với So
So + adj/adv + Au + S + that + clause
Ex: He worked so hard that he forgot his lunch.
=> So hard did he work that he forgot his lunch.
The play is so popular that the theatre is likely to be full every night.
=> So popular is the play that the theatre is likely to be full every night.
2. Đảo ngữ với Such:
Such + Be + Noun + that + clause
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Ex: She is so beautiful that I can’t take my eyes off her.
=> Such is her beauty that I can’t take my eyes off her.
Her grief is so great that she almost fainted.
=> Such is her grief that she almost fainted.
XI. ĐẢO NGỮ TRONG CÂU ĐIỀU KIỆN
1. Đảo ngữ trong câu điều kiện loại I.
If+ S + (should)+ V, S + will + V.inf
=> Should + S + V.inf, S + will + V.inf
Ex: If he comes, I’ll call the police.
=> Should he come, I’ll call the police.
2. Đảo ngữ trong câu điều kiện loại II
• Câu có động từ tobe:
If S + were + …, S + would + V.inf
=> Were + S + …, S+ would + V.inf
Ex: If I were you, I wouldn't do that.
=> Were I you, I wouldn't do that.
• Câu dùng động từ thường:
If S + V.ed, S + would + V.inf
=> Were + S + to V.inf, S+ would + V.inf
Ex: If I knew Portuguese, I’d speak to Ronando.
=> Were I to know Portuguese, I’d speak to Ronando.
3. Đảo ngữ trong câu điều kiện loại III
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If + S + had P2, S + would have P2
=> Had + S + P2, S + would have P2
Ex: If he had trained hard, he would have won the match.
=> Had he trained hard, he would have won the match
Lưu ý: Với những câu điều kiện phủ định, khi đảo ngữ ta để NOT sau chủ ngữ.
Ex: If I hadn’t seen it with my own eyes, I wouldn't have believed it.
=> Had I not seen it with my own eyes, I wouldn't have believed it.
XI. ĐẢO NGỮ SAU CÁC CỤM TRẠNG TỪ CHỈ PHƯƠNG HƯỚNG VÀ VỊ TRÍ
Khi câu bắt đầu bằng một cụm trạng từ, đặc biệt là trạng từ chỉ phương hướng và vị trí thì nội
động từ thường được đảo lên trước chủ ngữ. Cách đảo ngữ này được sử dụng đặc biệt trong
văn phong trang trọng hoặc văn chương.
(Place) + V + S
Ex: Here comes the train.
Above the fireplace was a portrait of Lenin.
On the table sat the cat.
Up went the price.
In an armchair sat his mother.
Lưu ý:
• Động từ TOBE thường được sử dụng trong dạng đảo ngữ này, ngoài ra ta còn dùng các
động từ chuyển động như “climb, come, fly, go, hang, lie, run, sit, stand...”
• Thường chỉ dùng dạng đảo ngữ này khi động từ ở thì quá khứ đơn giản.
• Trong trường hợp đảo ngữ này, không sử dụng trợ động từ như trong câu hỏi mà dùng trực
tiếp động từ đặt trước chủ ngữ.
• Không thực hiện đảo ngữ khi chủ ngữ là đại từ.
PRACTICE (chữa trong video)
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Choose the best answer
1. On the hill _____________ .
A. does a big pine tree stand B. a big pine tree stands
C. stands a big pine tree. D. a big pine tree stand
2. _________, a large area of sea would be contaminated.
A. Did the chemical to leak B. Were the chemical leak
C. Were the chemical to leak D. Should the chemical leak
3. ________ an emergency arise, dial 999.
A. Had B. Only when
C. Should D. Need
4. Hardly had we turned on the TV _______ the electricity went out.
A. than B. when
C. after D. that
5. Such a soft voice __________ that everyone likes her.
A. she has B. does she has
C. she have D. does she have
6. Were the government _______ interest rates, they would lose the election.
A. to raise B. raised
C. raising D. raise
7. Down _____________ for three days.
A. the rain poured B. did the rain pour
C. poured the rain D. do the rain pour
8. __________ Henry, I might not have met you.
A. Had it not for B. Hadn’t it for
C. Had it not been for D. Hadn’t it been for
9. So heavy _______ that all the trains had to be cancelled.
A. were the snowfall B. was the snowfall
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C. the snowfall was D. did the snowfall be
10. No sooner ______ than they started to argued.
A. has they got married B. did they got married
C. had they got married D. had they got marry
11. Not until it was too late _________ to call Sue.
A. did I remember B. I remember
C. do I remember D. that I remembered
12. Scarcely had Alan arrived in Mexico _______ he was arrested.
A. until B. also
C. when D. than
13. Not until he got home __________ that he had lost the key
A. did he realize B. does he realize
C. he realized D. he realizes
14. _________ had we left the house than it exploded.
A. Hardly B. No sooner
C. Not until D. Only when
15. Not until _______ did he feel healthy again.
A. Andrew stops smoking B. does Andrew stop smoking
C. Andrew stopped smoking D. did Andrew stop smoking

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ĐẢO NGỮ (2)

VI. ĐẢO NGỮ VỚI “NO SOONER…THAN;

No sooner + had + S + P2 + than + clause

Barely + had + S + P2 + when+ clause

Ex: 1. I had no sooner arrived home than the phone rang.

=> No sooner had I arrived home than the phone rang.

2. I had hardly arrived home when the phone rang.

=> Hardly had I arrived home when the phone rang.

VII. ĐẢO NGỮ VỚI “NOT UNTIL”

Not until/till ( then/later)

Not until/till + Clause + Au + S + V

Ex: He couldn’t speak until he was 8

=> Not until he was 8, could he speak

= It was not until he was 8 that he could speak.

VIII. ĐẢO NGỮ VỚI “NOT ONLY…BUT ALSO”

Not only + Au + S+ V, but….also…

Not only + tobe + S + N/adj, but…also

IX. ĐẢO NGỮ VỚI “NOWHERE”

- Nowhere do I feel as comfortable as I do at home.

X. ĐẢO NGỮ VỚI SO/SUCH

1. Đảo ngữ với So

So + adj/adv + Au + S + that + clause

Ex: He worked so hard that he forgot his lunch.

=> So hard did he work that he forgot his lunch.

2. Đảo ngữ với Such:

Such + Be + Noun + that + clause

Ex: She is so beautiful that I can’t take my eyes off her.

Her grief is so great that she almost fainted.

=> Such is her grief that she almost fainted.

XI. ĐẢO NGỮ TRONG CÂU ĐIỀU KIỆN

1. Đảo ngữ trong câu điều kiện loại I.

If+ S + (should)+ V, S + will + V.inf

=> Should + S + V.inf, S + will + V.inf

Ex: If he comes, I’ll call the police.

=> Should he come, I’ll call the police.

2. Đảo ngữ trong câu điều kiện loại II

• Câu có động từ tobe:

If S + were + …, S + would + V.inf

=> Were + S + …, S+ would + V.inf

Ex: If I were you, I wouldn't do that.

=> Were I you, I wouldn't do that.

• Câu dùng động từ thường:

If S + V.ed, S + would + V.inf

=> Were + S + to V.inf, S+ would + V.inf

Ex: If I knew Portuguese, I’d speak to Ronando.

=> Were I to know Portuguese, I’d speak to Ronando.

3. Đảo ngữ trong câu điều kiện loại III

If + S + had P2, S + would have P2

=> Had + S + P2, S + would have P2

Ex: If he had trained hard, he would have won the match.

=> Had he trained hard, he would have won the match

Ex: Here comes the train.

Above the fireplace was a portrait of Lenin.

On the table sat the cat.

Up went the price.

In an armchair sat his mother.

PRACTICE (chữa trong video)

Choose the best answer

1. On the hill _____________ .

A. does a big pine tree stand B. a big pine tree stands

C. stands a big pine tree. D. a big pine tree stand

2. _________, a large area of sea would be contaminated.

A. Did the chemical to leak B. Were the chemical leak