51

{]kw-Kn-¨n-«p-f-f-h-
bn sh¨v
hen-sbmcp {]kwKw
(17:22-þ34)

tNmZn-¡m-\n-S-bp-ff apJy tNmZy-§-fn NneXv CXm: ""Rm³

FhnsS \n¶p h¶p?''; ""Rm³ FhnsS t]mIp¶p?''; ""F´n-\mWv
Rm\n-hnsS?'' ""imkv{Xw BZy-t ¯-Xn\p D¯cw \ev Im³ {ian-
¡p- ¶p, XXz- i mkv { Xw c−m- a- t ¯- X n\pw A{im´ ]cn- { iaw
\evIp¶p; F¶m {InkvXob hnizmkw Ch aq¶n\pw Xr]v Xn-I-
c-amb D¯cw \ev Ip¶p.'' 1
a\p-jysâ k¦oÀ®-amb tNmZy-§Ä¡p kzÀ¤-¯nsâ Xpd¶
D¯-c-§Ä {]hr-¯-nIÄ 17 se, ]usem-knsâ Ac-tbm-]I- Ip-
¶nse {]kw-K-¯n-ep−v. Cu {]kwKw tcJ-s¸-Sp-¯n-bn-cn-¡p-¶Xp
]¯p hmIy-§-fn-em-b n-«m-Wv, AXp hmbn-¡p-hm³ c−p an\n-änÂ
Xmsg ka-bta th−q; F¶m aÀXy-a-\p-jyÀ {]kw-Kn-¨n-«p-ff
{]kw-K -§ -fn sh¨v al-¯mb H¶-t{X.
Cu Ah-X-c-W-¯nsâ Npäp-ap-ff kml-N -cy-§Ä \mw NÀ¨
sNbvXp Ign-ª-Xm-Wv. Ct¸mÄ \ap¡p B t{ijvS-amb {]kwKw
hni-Z-ambn ]cn-tim[n¡mw.

{]kwKw (17:22-þ31)
Ac- t bm-]I¡p¶n (amÀkv lnÂ) c−p-s h- f -f -¡ - à p- IÄ
D−m-bn-cp-¶p. hnNm-cW ka-b¯v, {Inan-\Â A\ymbw \S-¯p-
¶-h³ Hcp IÃn-t·epw {]Xn- atä IÃn-t·epw \nev¡pw. i_v Zw
apI-fn-te¡p t]mIp-¶-Xp-sIm−v, CXp Ip¶nsâ Xmgv ¶ {]X-e-
¯n-em-bn-cp-¶p. Fsâ a\-knÂ, Cu IÃp-I-fn H¶ntem AXn\-
Sp-t¯m AtY-\-b nse _p²n Pohn-I -tfmSv ]usemkv kwkm-cn-
¡p-hm³ XpS-§p-¶-Xv, F\n¡p ImWm³ Ign-bpw.

1
 Ah³ F§s\ XpSÀ¶p? ]nkn-Z y-b nse At´ym-¡y-bnse
]f-fn-b n Ah³ XpS-§n-bXpt]mse XpS-§p-hm³ Ah\p Ign-
ªn-Ã, C{km-tb tZi-t¯mSv ssZhw CS-s]-«-XmWv AhnsS XpS-
§p-¶Xv (13:17). sXÊ-sem-\n-Iy-bnse ]f-fn-bn XpS-§n-b-Xp-t]mse
""Xncp-sh-gp-¯p-Isf'' B[m-ca - m¡n kwhm-Zn-¨X
- p-t]mse ChnsS km[n-
¨nà (17:2), ImcWw Ahsâ Cu kZ-kyÀ ssZh-hN-\s¯ Adn-bm-
¯-h-cm-bn-cp-¶p. \mw Ft¸mgpw Bfp-IÄ Fhn-sS-bmtWm AhnsS
Bcw-`n-¡-Ww. InW-än-\-cn-In tbip AXp kv{Xosb I−-t¸mÄ,
Ah³ Ah-tfmSv shf-f-s¯-¡p-dn¨p kwkm-cn¨p þ PohPes¯
(tbm-l-¶m³ 4:10). ]usemkv kzbw þ -{]-Jym-]n¨ kXym-t\z-jn-I-
tfm-Sv, Ah³ kXyw kwkm-cn¨p þ ssZh-s¯-¡p-dn¨pw a\p-jy-sc-
¡p-dn¨pw Dff kXyw.
""]usemkv Ac-t bm- ] I at²y \n¶psIm−p ]d-ª -X p,
"AtY\m-]p-cp-j-·mtc, \n§Ä FÃm-änepw AXn-`-àÀ F¶p Rm³
ImWp¶p''' (hmIyw 22). {Ko¡p-kw-bpà hm¡p XÀÖna sNbvX-
XmWv ""AXn-`-àÀ'' F¶Xp AÀ°w ""`qXs¯ þ `b-s¸-Sp-¶-hÀ''
F¶mWv (A-Xm-bXp., `qXs¯ _lp-am-\n-¡p-¶-hÀ). ""`qXw'' F¶
{]kvXmh\ \ap¡p tami-ambn tXm¶p-¶-Xp-t]mse ]usem-knsâ
kZ-kyÀ¡p tXm¶n-bn-Ã. {Ko¡p-ImÀ `qXs¯ Bcm-[n-¨n-cp-¶p.2 B
]«Ww apgp-h³ `qX-§Ä¡p kaÀ¸n¨XpsIm−p \nd-ªn-cn-¡b - mÂ,
AhÀ B hm¡v Hcp {]iwkm {]kvXm-h-\-bm-tbm3 AsÃ-¦nÂ
hnaÀi-\a - m-tbm,4 Aà FSp-¯X - v F¶m shdpw hmkvXh {]kvXm-
h-\b - m-bn-«m-Wv.
Xm³ F´mWv AÀ°-am-¡n-bXv F¶v ]usemkv Nn{Xo-I-cn¨p:
""Rm³, Npän-\-S¶p \n§-fpsS ]qPm-Ø-e-§sf t\m¡p-t¼mÄ,
"AÚmX tZh\v' F¶p Fgp-¯p-ff Hcp thZn-¡Ãp I−p''' (hmIyw
23). Ac-tbm-]-Ib - n AÚmX tZh-·m-cpsS thZn-¡Ãv AXv Akm-
[m-c-W-amb H¶-Ãm-bn-cp¶p F¶v euInI Ncn-{X-Im-c-·mÀ tcJ-s¸-
Sp-¯n-bn-«p-−v.5 Rm³ s]c-Kamw kµÀin-¨t- ¸mÄ (A-tY-\b - n \n¶p-
ff AboPy³ IS-en-\¡--sc), sZsa-{X-sbm-knsâ t£{X-¯nsâ Ah-
in-jvS-§Ä I−p, AhsS `qKÀ`-im-kv{X-Ú-·mÀ Is−-Sp¯
""AÚm-Xt- Z-h-\p-ff'' Hcp thZn-¡Ãp I−p.
Cu thZn-¡Ã - nsâ DÛ-h-s¯-¡p-dn¨p ]cn-KW - n-¡m-hp¶ Dulm-
t]m-l-§Ä D−m-bn-«p-−v. Nne kml-N-cy-¯nÂ, Hcp thZn-¡Ãv D]-
tbm-K-iq-\y-ambn InS-¡p-Ibpw ]n¶oSv tISp-]mSv XoÀ¡p-Ibpw
sN¿p¶ ka-bw, Bcw-`-¯n D−mbn-cp¶ `mKn-I-amtbm ]qÀ®-
amtbm t]mbn- c n- ¡ mw, A§s\ Ahbv ¡ p Fgp- X p- ¶ - X mWv
""AÚmX tZh¶p AsÃ-¦n tZh-·mÀ¡v'' F¶v.
hÀj§Ä¡p ap¼p-−mb Hcp kw`-h-hp-ambn _Ô-s¸-«-XmWv
{]Nm-c-¯n-en-cn-¡p¶ Hcp hni-Zo-I-cWw. Hcp _m[ tZis¯ apgp-
h³ XpS¨p \o¡n, Bbn-c-¡-W-¡n\p Bfp-Isf sIms¶m-Sp-¡n.
tZh-·mÀ Ak-´p-jvSc - m-bn-cn-¡p-¶p F¶ Nn´-bmÂ, Bfp-IÄ Ah-

2
cpsS Bbn-cn-¡-W-¡n\p tZh-·mÀ¡p bmKw Ign-¨p, tZh tIm]w
CÃm-Xm-¡m³. Úm\nbpw hr²-\p-am-bn-cp¶, F¸o-sa-s¶-Un-ksâ
D]-tZiw AhÀ Bcm-ªp. ""\n§Ä Adn-bm¯ Hcp tZh³ \n§-
tfmSv tIm]n-¨n-cn-¡-bmWv,'' AbmÄ ]d-ªp, AXn-\p-ff {]Xn-hn[n:
Ah-cpsS B«n³Iq-«¯ - n hnhn[ þ hÀ®-¡Ã - p-IÄ DbÀ¯n Hmtcm-
¶n-sâbpw Nph-«n BSns\ InS¯n bmKw Ign-¨p.6 A¯cw bmKw
Ign¨ ""AÚmX tZh¶p'' Fs¶-gp-Xnb thZn-¡ -Ãm-bncn¡mw
]usem-knsâ ka-b¯v I−-Xv.
thZn-¡-Ãns\ kw_-Ôn¨ Gähpw efn-X-amb hnh-cWw a\-km-
£n-bp-ff hn{K-lm þ -cm-[-I³ Adn-b-s¸-Sm¯ Hcp tZh-t\-bpw, Hcp
Xc-¯nepw hn«p-If - b
- m³ X¿m-dm-bn-cp-¶nà F¶-XmWv. thZn-¡Ã
- nsâ
ImcWw F´m-bmepw AXp ]usem-knsâ Dt±iw XnI¨p \nd-thän.
""A\y-tZ-h-Xa- msc'' ]cn-N-b-s¸-Sp-¯n-b-Xn\p Ahs\ Ipä-s¸-Sp-¯n-
b-XmWv (hmIyw 18); AtY-\À k½-Xn¨ ssZh-s¯-bmWv Xsâ {]kw-
K-¯n-eqsS Ah³ AhÀ¡p ImWn¨p sImSp-¡p-¶-Xv, F¶m B
ssZhs¯ AhÀ¡-dn-ªp-IqSm F¶p k½-Xn-¨n-cn-¡p-¶p, ""F¶mÂ
\n§Ä Adn-bmsX ]qPn-¡p-¶Xp Xs¶'' ]usemkv ]d-ªp, ""Rm³
\n§-tfmSp Adn-bn-¡p¶p'' (hmIyw 23).
23-þmw hmIy-¯nse ""Adn-bmsX'' F¶ hm¡v ]cn-lm-ky-hp-ambn
tXm¶p-¶p. \½n A[nIw t]cpw AXns\ ""AÚmXw'' F¶-Xn-
t\-¡mÄ ""hncq]w'' F¶mWv ]d-bp-I. ]usemkv, F§-s\-bm-bmepw,
AhÀ Ah-cpsS ""Adn--b-s¸-Sm¯ tZh¶p''7 D]-tbm-Kn¨ hm¡mWv
D]-tbm-Kn-¨-Xv. ""AÚmXw'' F¶ {Ko¡v hm¡v XÀÖna sNbvXXp
Atám-kvtXm8 F¶-Xn \n¶m-Wv, AXp Hcp kwbpà hm¡v (F
s\tK-än§v s{]^n-Ivkv) F¶pw Kvt\mknkv (""t\m-tfPv'' F¶ hm¡n-
\p). AXp kqNn- ¸n-¡p-¶Xp ]cn- Úm-\ -Ip-d -hmWv (A-Xm-b -Xv ,
AÚX), ^e-¯nÂ, ]usemkv ]d-ªp, ""\n§Ä¡v Adn-bm-¯-
sX¶p hnNm-cn-¡p¶ ssZhs¯ Adn-bp-hm³ Fs¶ {i²n-¡pI.''

ssZhw F´mWv sNbvXXp

ssZh-¯nsâ Bi-bs - ¯-¡p-dn¨p IrXy-Xb- n-Ãm¯ Bfp-I-tfmSv
]usemkv BZyw tbip-hns\Ipdn-¨Ã ]d-ª-Xv, ssZhs¯¡p-dn-
¨m-Wv. ssZh-s¯-Ip-dn-¨p-ff sXämb Imgv¨-¸mSv sIm−mWv FÃm
sXämb aX-§fpw Df-f-Xv. HmÀ¡pI: Bfp-IÄ FhnsS \nev¡-W-
sa¶v \n§Ä hnNm-cn-¡p-¶n-S-¯p-\n-¶-Ã, Bfp-IÄ Fhn-sS-bmtWm
\nev¡p-¶-Xv, AhnsS \n¶mWv XpS-t§-−-Xv.
(1) ssZhw FÃmw krjvSn-¨p.
ssZhw Ds−-¶p-ff XXz-imkv{X sXfn-hp-IÄ AÃ ]usemkv
\nc-¯n-b-Xv. A[nIw Bfp-Ifpw Hcp ""tZh³'' F¶ BibamWv
hniz-kn-¡p-¶-Xv, AtY-\-bn-ep-f-fh
- sc t]mse. adn-¨v, ]usem-knsâ
{]kwKw ]g-b-\n-b-a-¯n \n¶pw Bcw-`n-¡p¶p (D-ev]¯n 1:1)
""temIhpw AXn-ep-ff
- s
- Xm-s¡bpw D−m-¡n-bh - ³'' F¶p XpS-§p¶p

3
(hmIyw 24).9
AÛp-X-hm-l-§-fmb Imgv¨-I-fmb hnkvXr-X-amb henb \Zn
HgpIn hcp¶ ae-bn-Sp-¡v, ImÄkv _mUv F¶ Kpl-IÄ, kznkv ae-
\n- c - I Ä, at\m- l - c - a mb Bkv t {X- e - b nse Btbgv k v ]md,
kvt¡m«vemânse Xsg¨p hf-cp¶ ]¨-¸v, lhmbv _o¨n ImWp¶
hnkva-bm-h-l-amb kqcym-kvX-ab - w, FÃm h³I-c-If - nepw cm{XnbnÂ
ImWp¶ al-¯mb \£-{X-Xmew IrXyamb cm{Xn F¶nh a\-kn-
te¡p hcp-¶p. ""ssZhw BWv Ch-sbÃmw D−m-¡n-bXv!'' F¶v
Xncn-¨-dn-ª-t¸mÄ Rm³ AÛp-X-]-c-X-{´-\m-bn.
AhÀ ssZhs¯ D−m¡n F¶Ã ]usemkv ]d-ªX - v, F¶mÂ
ssZh-amWv Ahsc D−m-¡n-bXv F¶-s{X; F¶m AhÀ ssZh-
¯n\p Hcp `h\w D−m-¡n-bn-Ã, ]t£ ssZhw AhÀ¡v Hcp `h\w
D−m¡n þ Cu `qan. F¸n-Iq-cy-cpsS kn²m-´-amb temIw AWp-¡-
fpsS Iq«n-bn-Sn-bpsS ^e-am-bp-−mbn F¶ Bi-bs¯ \ntj-[n-
¡p-¶-Xm-bn-cp-¶p.
Pohn-X¯ - nsâ Dt±-is¯ icn-bmbn a\-kn-em-¡p-hm³ krjvSn-
IÀ¯m-hn-s\-Ip-dn¨p Adn-tb-−-Xm-bn-«p-−v: A§s\ km¯m³
{]tXyI krjvSn F¶ Bi-b¯ - n-t·Â XpSÀ¨-bmb IS-¶m-{I-aWw
\S-¯p¶p þ \mw bmZr-Ýn-I-ambn D−m-b-Xm-sW¶ \pWsb \mw
Fcn-thmsS FXnÀ¡Ww!
kI-ehpw krjvSn¨ ssZhs¯ ]usemkv shfn-s¸-Sp-¯m³
XpS§n: ""temIhpw AXn-ep-f-fXp Hs¡bpw D−m-¡nb ssZhw,
kzÀ¤-¯n\pw `qan¡pw \mY-\m-I-sIm−v ssI¸-Wn-bmb t£{X-§-
fnÂ, hmkw sN¿p-¶n-Ã;10 [Xm³] FÃm-hÀ¡pw Poh\pw izmkhpw
kI-ehpw sImSp-¡p-¶-h³ BI-bm hÃ-Xn¶p ap«p-f-f-h³ F¶
t]mse am\p- j - s sI- I - f m- Â ip{iqj Bh- i y- s ¸- « n- c p- ¶ nÃ''
(hmIy§Ä 24, 25). temIw I−n-«p-ff hen-sbmcp t£{X-\n-c-bm-bn-
cp¶p ]usem-kn¶p Npäpw D−m-bn-cp-¶X - v. Zqsc-bm-bn-cp-¶p, temI¯v
]Wn-b-s¸« Gähpw henb t£{Xw. Xmsg, hn{K-l-§fpw t£{X-
§fpw \nd-ª, AtKm-dm-bm-bn-cp-¶p. Xpe\w sN¿m-\m-Im¯ ]mÀ¯-
t\m³ AS-¡w, \mev]-Xn-e-[nIw t£{X-§Ä Dff As{Im-s¸m-enkv
Bbn-cp¶p apI-fnÂ. F§-s\-bm-bm-epw, ssZh-¯n\p, Ah F{X
at\m-l-c-am-sW-¦nepw t£{X-sam¶pw Bh-iy-anÃ. Poh-\n-Ãm-¯,
\nk-lm-b-amb hn{K-l-§Ä Dff B t£{X¯n AtY-\-cpsS
tkh\w ssZhw Bh-iy-s¸-Sp-¶n-Ã, ]ns¶tbm, AhÀ¡p ssZh-k-
lmbw Bh-iy-amWv!
(2) ssZhw FÃma\p-jy-tcbpw krjvSn-¨p.
PmXn-b-ambhbn \n¶p ]usemkv {]tXy-I-am-b-h-bnte¡p
\o§n. ssZhw kI-et- ¯bpw krjvSn-¨X - p-sIm-−v, Ah³ \s½bpw
krjvSn¨p: ""Xm³ FÃm-hÀ¡pw Poh\pw izmkhpw kIehpw sImSp-
¡p-¶-h³'' (hmIyw 25). BZyw Ah³ Poh³ \evIp¶p; ]ns¶
Poh³ \ne-\nÀt¯-−-Xn¶p izmkhpw \evIp¶p; IqSmsX, Pohn-X-

4
 ¯nsâ \ne-\n-ev]n\p ""kI-ehpw'' \evIp-¶p. At¸mÄ ssZhw
\n§Ä¡p F{X-t¯mfw B-h-iy-amWv? Hcp ZoÀL-izmkw hnSpI
Bizmkw FSp-¡p-hm³ ssZhw \n§sf {]m]vX-cm-¡p¶p þ AXn-
sÃ-¦nÂ, \n§Ä acn¨p t]mIpw. \n§Ä FSp-¡p¶ Hmtcm izmkhpw
kÀÆià-\n \n¶mWv!
ho−pw, ssZhw ""`qX-e-¯n Hs¡bpw IpSn-bn-cn-¸m³11 Hcp-¯-
\n \n¶p a\p-jy-Pm-Xnsb Hs¡bpw Df-hm¡n'' (hmIyw 26). \nc-
h[n XÀÖn-a-¡mÀ ""GI'' F¶ hm¡n-t\m-Sp-IqSn ""a\p-jy³'' F¶
hm¡v tNÀ¯n-«p-ÅXv BZm-an-s\-bmWv kqNn-¸n-¡p-¶Xv12 \s½-
sbÃmw ssZhw krjvSn-¨n-cn-¡p-¶X - psIm−v \ap¡v s]mXp-hmb Hcp
]nXm-hp-−v, \msaÃmw ktlm-Zc - ·
- m-cp-amWv! Hcn-¡Â IqsS, cwK-§Ä
Fsâ a\-kn-te¡v HmSn hcp-¶p: XpÀ¡n-bnse kv¡qÄ Ip«n-IÄ
t^mt«m¡p Hcp§n \nevIp-¶p, AtY-\-bnse sNdp-¸- þ ¡mÀ Ah-
cpsS Po³kn-em-Wv, Hcp hr²sâ apJ¯p hÀj-§-fpsS Npfn-hp-I-
fp-−v, Hcp Ata-cn-¡³ kztZin Hcp ]mc-¼cy \r¯w Ah-X-cn-¸n-
¡p-¶p, sIm¨p B\n {InÌn³ hn¡n³ k¬ Ah-fpsS A½-
bpsS ssII-fn Ib-dn-¸-än-bn-cn-¡p-¶p,13 Ch-cn NneÀ Fs¶-t¸m-
se-bm-Wv, aäp NneÀ AÃ-Xm\pw; F¶m FÃmw ssZh-¯nsâ
Ic-hn-cp-XmWv!
ap³]p \S-¯nb A`n-{]m-b-{]-I-S-\-¯n {Ko¡p-Im-cpsS ssZh-
s¯-¡p-dn-¨p-ff Imgv¨-¸m-Sn-s\-bmWv B{I-an-¨-sX-¦n Ct¸mÄ
{Ko¡p-Im-cpsS a\p-jy-sc-¡p-dn-¨p-ff Imgv¨¸m-Sn-s\-bmWv ]usem-
kv B{I-an-¨-Xv. {Ko¡p-ImÀ X§sf aäp-f-f-h-cn \n¶p hyXykvX
-B-cw-`-ap-f-f, {]tXyIsXbp-f-f-h-cm-bn-«mWv Icp-Xn-bncp¶-Xv. a\p-
jy-hÀ¤s¯ AhÀ c−mbn Xcw-Xn-cn-¨n-cn-¡p¶p: ""{Ko¡p-Imcpw
_mÀt_-dn-b³kpw'' ""ssZhw Hcp-¡-¯n \n¶p a\p-jy-Pm-Xnsb
Hs¡bpw [{Ko¡p-Im-c-S¡w!] `qX-e-¯n IpSn-bn-cn-¸m³ krjvSn¨p''
F¶-Xp Ah-cpsS tZiob Alw-`m-h-¯n\p Hc-Sn-bm-bn-¯oÀ¶p.
{Ko¡p-ImÀ¡v Biz-kn-¡m-hp-¶-Xv, Ahsc am{X-aà Zm£Wyw
shSnªv kwkm-cn-¨-Xv. ""R§fpw'' ""Ahcpw'' F¶n-§s\ c−p
Iq«-cm-bn-«mWv a\p-jy-hÀ¤-¯n-e-[n-Ihpw Icp-Xn-bn-cp-¶-Xv. sblq-
Z-·m-cpsS `n¶X ""sblq-Z-·mcpw PmXn-Ifpw'' F¶mWv. tdma³ Xcw-
Xn-cnhv ""]uc-·mcpw ]uc-·m-c-Ãm-¯-hcpw'' F¶m-Wv. \nÀ`m-Ky-h-
imÂ, a\p-jyÀ¡n-Sb - nse aXn-ep-IÄ tbip XIÀ¯p-I-fªp F¶v
Xncn¨dnbm-¯-hÀ¡n-S-bn A¯cw Xcw-Xn-cnhp XpS-cp-I-bmWv (F-
s^-kyÀ 2:14) A§s\ \mw FÃm-h cpw ""{Inkv Xp-tb-i p-h nÂ
H¶t{X'' (K- e m- X yÀ 3:26- þ 28). hmkv X- h - ¯n-e p- f f thÀXn- cnhv
""{InkvXp-hnÂ'' Df-f-hcpw ""{InkvXp-hn\p ]pd-¯pÅ hcpw'' F¶m-
Wv.
(3) ssZhw FÃmw \nb-{´n-¡p¶p.
""ssZhw Hcp- ¯ - \ n \n¶p, a\p- j y- P m- X nsb Hs¡bpw
Dfhm¡n,'' F¶p ]dª tijw ]usemkv Iq«n-t¨À¡p¶p, ""Ah-

5
cpsS \nhm-k-¯n\p, AXn-cp-Ifpw Ime-§fpw \nÝ-bn¨p'' (hmIyw
26).14 Zm\n-tb 2:21 BWv Cu hmIy-¯nsâ \à hymJym\w:
""Ah³ Ime-§-sfbpw ka-b-§-sfbpw amäp¶p; Ah³ cmPm-¡-
·msc \o¡p-Ibpw cmPm-¡-·msc hmgn¡pw sN¿p¶p.'' asämcp
hn[-¯n ]d-ªmÂ, ssZh-amWv FÃmw \nb-{´n-¡p-¶-Xv. Ah³
Ime-§sf \nÝ-bn-¡pI am{X-aà (14:17), F¶m Ah³ cmPm-¡-
·m-cpsS hmgv¨m ssZÀLyhpw \nÝ-bn-¡p-¶p, `qimkv{X AXn-cp-
I-fmb kap-Zm-b-¯nsâ AXncp \nÝ-bn-¡pI am{X-a-Ã, cmjv{Sob
AXn-cp-Ifpw Ah³ \nÝ-bn-¡p-¶p. ssZhw temIs¯ krjvSn-
¨n«v IS¶p t]mhp-I-bm-bn-cp-¶nÃ; a\p-jy-cpsS Imcy-§f
- n Ah³
{]hÀ¯n-¨n-cp-¶p, {]hÀ¯n-¨p-sIm-−n-cp-¶p. AtY-\-bn-ep-f-f-hÀ
Adn-ªn-sÃ-¦nepw ssZhw AhÀ¡p Ncn-{X-¯n BZ-c-Wo-b-amb
Øm\w \evIn!15

a\p-jy³ F´p-sN-¿Ww
ssZhw sNbvXXp shfn-s¸-Sp-¯nb tijw, ]usemkv a\p-jyÀ
F´p sN¿-W-sa-¶-Xn-te¡p Xncn-ªp.
(1) a\pjy³ ssZhs¯ At\z-jn--¡Ww.16
27-þmw hmIyw XpS-§p-¶Xp ""AhÀ ssZhs¯ At\z-jn-¡Ww''
F¶ hm¡p-I-tfm-sS-bm-Wv. Ah-Xc - n-¸n¨ kXys¯ A\p-Iq-en-¡p-
¶-XmWv Cw¥o-jnse ""Zmäv'' F¶ hm¡v.17 ssZhw FÃmw D−m ¡n
F¶Xpw ssZhw FÃmw \nb-{´n-¡p¶p F¶Xpw \ap¡v Ahs\
At\z-j n- t ¡- − -X n- \ mWv . 18 \s½ ChnsS B¡n- b n- c n- ¡ p- ¶ Xp
Øm\tam k¼m-Zytam AsÃ-¦n kpJtam At\z-jn-¡p-¶-Xn-\Ã;
ssZhs¯ At\z-jn-¡-−-Xn-\m-Wv!19 ssZh-¯n\p \½psS tkh\w
Bh-i y- anà (hmIyw 25), F¶m Ah\p \½psS Iq-« mbv a
BhiyamWv!
]usem-knsâ ASp¯ hm¡pIÄ AtY-\-bnse XXz-Úm-\n-
IsfIpdn¨v Bh-c-W-ap-ff hnh-cWw \evIn-bn-cp-¶n-sÃ-¦n F¶p
kwi-bn-¡m-Xn-cn-¡m³ F\n¡p Ign-bp-¶n-Ã: ""AhÀ ssZhs¯ X¸n-
t\m¡n Is−-¯ptam F¶p sh¨v, Ah³ \½n BÀ¡pw AI-
¶n-cn-¡p-¶-h-\-Ã'' (hmIyw 27). XXz-Úm-\n-IÄ kXys¯ At\z-
jn- ¡ p- ¶ p- − v, F¶m þ AhÀ D] - t b m- K n- ¡ p- ¶ Xp am-
\pjnIcoXoIfmbncp¶p þ AhÀ Ccp-«n X¸p-Ib - m-bn-cp-¶p. CXnsâ
Hcp kam-\X a\-kn-te¡p hcp-¶p. Hcp ]mÀ«n-bn I®p-aq-Sn-s¡-
«nb Ip«n-IÄ ""Igp-Xb- psS hmen sam«p-kq-Nn-Ip-¯p-hm³.''20 AXn\p
Npäpw X¸n CS-dp¶ Imgv¨, I®paqSn-sI-«n-bn-sÃ-¦n Ffp-¸-am-Wv;
F¶m I®p-aq-Sn-sI-«n-bmÂ, Akm-²y-am-Wv. XXz-Úm-\n-IÄ¡p
Ah-cpsS Al-¦mcw Ifªv, shfn-s¸-Sp-¯nb ssZhs¯ kzoI-cn-
¡m³ kzbw ASn-t¨-ev]n¨ aqSns¡-«Â \o¡n ""Ah³ \½nÂ
BÀ¡pw AI¶ncn¡p-¶-h-\Ã'' F¶p ImW-Ww.
F{X ASp- ¯ mWv ssZhw? "" [ Rm³ ] \mw Ah- \ n- e sÃm

6
Pohn¡bpw, Ncn-¡ bpw, Ccn-¡ bpw sN¿p-¶ Xv'' (hmIyw 28).
kvtXmbn-¡c - p-sS `uXn-Ia- mb kÀÆ-¯nepw Cuizc km¶n²yw F¶-
Xn-t\mSv kam-\a - mb ]usem-knsâ FÃm-änepw ssZhw Ds−¶ {]I-
S-\s¯ NneÀ Ipä-s¸-Sp-¯n-bn-«p-−v. F§-s\-bm-bm-epw, kvtXmbn-
¡m-cpsS Bibw hyàn-Xz-an-Ãm¯ iàn-bmWv ssZhw F¶Xp,
hfsc AIew Iev]n-¡p-¶p. ImcWw ss__nÄ ]d-bp¶ Bi-bw,
hyàn-bm-Wv, kzÀ¤¯n\pw `qan¡pw \mY\pw kÀÆ-hym-]n-bp-amWv
""[Ah³ hln-¡p-Ibpw \n-e\nÀ¯p-Ibpw sN¿p¶p; NIV] Xsâ hN-
\-¯nsâ iàn-bmemWv'' (F-{_m-bÀ 1:3) þ AXn \mapw DÄs¸Spw!21
Xsâ tIÄhn-¡m-cn At\-Icpw ASp-¯p-ff ssZhs¯ ImWp-
hm³ {]bmkw t\cn-«-Xp-sIm-−v, Xsâ {]kvXm-h-\-tbmSv Ah-cpsS
Ihn-Ifpw tbPn-¡p-¶-Xmbn ]usemkv Ahsc t_m[y-s¸-Sp-¯p¶p:
""\n§-fpsS Ihn-hc - ·
- m-cnepw, NneÀ "\mw ssZh-¯nsâ k´m-\-asÃm
F¶p ]d-ªn-cn-¡p¶p''' (hmIyw 28). c−p Ihn-I-fn \n¶mWv
]usemkv D²-cn-¨-Xv. Xsâ BZys¯ Nn´ {]I-Sn-¸n-¨Xv hÀj-
§Ä¡p ap³]p F^n-Ua-s\m-kns\ Npa-¯n-bp-ff Ihn-X-bnÂ
\n¶m-bn-cp¶p 22 (_n.-kn. c. 600-þÂ P\n¨p.): ""Ah-\n-e sÃm \mw
Ncn-¡bpw Ccn-¡bpw sN¿p-¶Xv .'' c−m-as¯ D²-cWn, ""\mapw
Ahsâ k´m- \ asÃm,'' Bcmä- k nsâ Fgp- ¯ p- I - f nse Hcp
sse\mWv Chn-sS kqNn-¸n-¨Xv23 (_n.kn. 310-þÂ P\n-¨p.): ""\mw
hmkvX-h-ambpw Ahsâ k´m-\-a-sÃm.''24 Cu ]Zy§fn ]d-ªn-
«p-ff tZh³ (A-h À¡v ""AÚm-X-amb'') sbtlm-hsb Ipdn-¨Ã
]d-bp-¶-Xv, F¶m Ah-cpsS apJy-tZ-h -\mb kqbkns\-bm-Wv .
kqb-kn-t\m-Sp-IqsS sbtlm-hsb Xncn-¨-dnbWsa¶Ã ]usemkv
]d-ª-Xv. adn¨v, Ahsâ t]mbnâ v Fs´-¶m a\p-jy-cpsS XXz-
imkv{Xw hyàn-bmb ssZh-¯n-te¡p Ahsc ASp-¸n-¡p-¶p,
AXp-sIm−v , kXyssZ-h -¯nsâ kz`m-h-s¯-¡pdn¨pff Xsâ
hm¡p-I Ä bpàn-c-l n-X-sa¶v hnNm-cn-¡ -cpXv F¶m-bn-cp-¶p.
(2) a\p-jy³ ssZhs¯ icn-bmbn \a-kv¡-cn-¡Ww.
AhÀ¡v Adn-ªp-Iq-Sm¯ B ssZh-¯nsâ kz`m-hs¯ ]d-
ª-ti-jw, ]usemkv s]s«¶v kXy ssZh-s¯ \a-kv¡-cn-¡p-¶-
Xn-te¡p IS-¡p-¶p. ssZhs¯ ¡pdn-¨p-ff \½psS Bi-bs¯ ASn-
Øm-\a - m-¡n-bmWv \mw F§s\ ssZhs¯ \a-kv¡c - n-¡Ww F¶p
Xocp-am-\n-¡p-¶-Xv.
]e-X-h W ]usemkv Bcm[\ F¶ hnjbw FSp-¯n-«p−v.
Xsâ {]kw-K-¯nsâ Bcw-`-¯n AhÀ X§-fpsS ""AÚmX
tZhs\'' Adn-bmsX ]qPn-¡p¶p F¶m-W-h³ ]d-ªXv (hmIyw
23). ssZhw ""ssI¸-Wn-bmb t£{X-§-fn hmkw sN¿p-¶nÃ;
am\pj ssII-fm ip{iq-jbpw Bh-iy-s¸-Sp-¶nÃ'' F¶v Ah³
Du¶n-¸-dªp (hm-Iy-§Ä 24, 25). \s½ FÃm-h-tcbpw GI-ssZ-h-
amWv krjvSn-¨Xv (hm-Iy-§Ä 25, 26) F¶ {]kvXm-h-\, FÃm-hcpw
B GI ssZhs¯ Htc coXn-bn Bcm-[n-¡Ww F¶p sXfn-bp-

7
¶p. Ct¸mÄ, Ahsâ hm¡p-If - n A´Àeo-\a - m-bn-cn-¡p-¶Xv AtY-
\-¡mÀ¡p a\-kn-em-ImsX Xc-anÃ. Ah-cpsS hn{Kl ]cn-io-e\ lrZ-
b-§f - n-te¡v Hcp ITmc Ip¯nbn-cn-¡p-¶X - p-t]mse Bbn-cp¶p: ""\mw
ssZh-¯nsâ k´m\w F¶p hcn-I-bmÂ, ssZhw25 a\p-jysâ
inÂ]-hn-Zybpw k¦-ev]hpw sIm−v sIm¯n-¯oÀ¡p¶ s]m³
shÅn IÃv F¶n-ht- bmSv, kZriw F¶p \ncq-]n-t¡-−-XÃ'' (hmIyw
29). Xcw Xmgv¶ Hcp (a-\p-jy-\v) F§s\ DbÀ¶ (ssZ-hw) krjvSn-
¡p-hm³ Ignbpw? IqSmsX, \mw Pohn-¡p-¶-hÀ, Ncn-¡bpw Ccn-
¡bpw sN¿p-¶-hÀ, ssZh-km-Zr-i-¯n krjvSn-¡-s¸-«-h-cm-Wv,
At¸mÄ XWp-¯Xpw, \nÀPo-hh - pw, iàn-c-ln-Xh - p-amb hkvXp-¡Ä
F§s\ ssZh-am-sW¶p hnNm-cn-¡m³ Ignbpw?
AsXmcp [oc-amb {]kvXm-h-\-bm-bn-cp-¶p, Hcp ]t£, Iqken-
ÃmsX H¶m-bn-cp-t¶¡mw26 Hmtcm AtY-\\pw kzÀ®w sIm−pw
shÅn-sIm-−p-ap-ff hn{K-l-§Ä ssIhiw sh¨n-cp-¶psh¦nÂ
]«Ww apgp-h³ amÀ_nÄ sIm−p-−m-¡nb at\m-lc hn{K-l-§Ä
þ AtY\m {]Xn-a-b-S¡w, amÀ_n-fn sIm¯n hne-Iq-Snb B\-
s¡m¼pw kzÀ®hpw apI-fn ]Xn¸n-¨v \nd-ªn-cn¡pw.
(3) a\p-jy³ am\-km-´s - ¸-SWw.
`b-an-Ãm-sX, Xsâ XoÀ¸n-te¡v ]usemkv thKw \o§n. Ahsâ
hm¡p-IÄ icn-bm-bn-cp-s¶-¦nÂ, AtY-\-cpsS AÔ hnizm-km-cm-
[\ sXäm-bn-cp¶p; AhÀ Htc þ Hcp-hs\ þ am{Xw, Poh-\p-ff þ
kXy ssZhs¯ {]km-[n-¸n-¡-W-sa-¦nÂ, amdmsX asämcp hgn-bp-
an-Ãm-bn-cp¶p: ""F¶m Adn-bm-bva-bpsS Ime-§sf ssZhw e£y-
am-¡m-sX27 Ct¸mÄ FÃm-bn-S¯pw FÃm-hcpw am\-km-´-c-s¸-tS-W-
sa¶pw a\p-jy-tcmSp Iev]n-¡p¶p.'' ""AÚX'' (hmIyw 30) F¶
hm¡v ]usemkv aq¶mw {]mh- i yhpw D]-t bm-K n-¨ n-c n-¡ p¶p:
(1) ssZhs¯ ""AÚm-X³'' F¶p ]d-ªp, Ahs\ Adn-bpIbnÃ
F¶p AtY-\-¡mÀ k½-Xn-¨n-cn-¡p¶p (hmIyw 23). (2) AhÀ
""AdnbmsX'' ]qPn-¡p¶p (hmIyw 23). (3) Ct¸mÄ, ap³I-gnª
Ime-¯n ""AÚ-Xsb'' ssZhw IW-¡n-se-Sp-¡nà F¶v Ah³
]d-ªp, F¶m C\n AXp-−m-I-bn-Ã. ssZhw AhÀ¡p Xs¶
shfn-s¸-Sp¯n sImSp¯p; C\n AhÀ¡p Adn-bmbvabpsS Hgn-I-gn-
hn-Ã.28
""Ft¸mÄ hsc-bmWv ssZhw Adn-bmbva IW-¡n-se-Sp-¯Xv?''
F¶ tNmZyw Nne hymJym-Xm-¡sf Ipg-¡n-bn-cp-¶p. ssZh-a-\kv
F\n¡v Adn-ªp-Iq-Sm-bvI-bm (sb-i-¿mhv 55:8, 9), tNmZy-¯n\p
D¯cw \evIp-hm³ F\n¡p Ign-bp-Ib - n-Ã. IqSm-sX, ssZhw Ct¸mÄ
Adn-bmbvasb IW-¡n-se-Sp-¡p-¶nà F¶p ]d-ªn-cn-¡b - mÂ, B
tNmZy-¯n\p Rm³ D¯cw \evtI− Imcy-hp-an-Ã; ssZhw C¶p
F§s\ a\p-jy-tcmSv CS-s]-Sp¶p F¶-Xp-ambn AXn\p Hcp _Ô-
hp-an-Ã. AXp-sIm-−v, Hcp \nkmc kam-´cw FSp-¯mÂ, F\n¡p
aXn-bmIpw: Fsâ s]¬a¡Ä sNdp-Xm-bn-cp-¶t- ¸mÄ, IW-¡n-se-Sp-

8
¡m-Xn-cp-¶s- X-äp-IÄ AhÀ hep-Xm-bt- ¸mÄ Rm³ IW-¡n-se-Sp-¡m³
XpS-§n. ap³Ignª Ime¯v a\p-jyÀ ssii-h{- ]m-b¯ - n-em-bn-cp-¶p.
At¸mÄ ssZhw IW-¡n-se-Sp-¡m-Xn-cp¶ Nne s]cp-am-ä§ - Ä Ct¸mÄ
IW-¡n-se-Sp-¡p-¶X - mWv (a-¯mbn 19:8, 9). ssZhw Ct¸mÄ FÃm- a-
\p-jy-tcmSpw ]d-bp-¶p, ""icn-tb-Xv sXtäXv F¶ Xncn-¨d- n-b¯ - ¡
Imebfhv Bbn. \n§Ä Cu `qan-bm-em-bn-«v; AXp-sIm-−v, \n§-fpsS
{]hr-¯n-IÄ¡v \n§Ä Xs¶ D¯-ch - m-Zn-IÄ Bbn-cn¡pw''!
kzbw þ \oXn-Ic - n-¡p¶ \ymbm-[n-]-k`- t- bmSv am\-km-´cs¸Sp-
hm³ ]s{Xmkv ]d-ªt- ¸mÄ (5:31) ""[Ahsc] tIm]n-jvTc - m¡pIbpw,''
AhÀ Ahs\ sImÃp-hm³ Btem-Nn-¡bpw sNbvXp (5:33). Ct¸mÄ
]usemkv XXz-Úm-\-¯n kzbw þ Xr]vXn-bS- ª DbÀ¶ Nn´m-
K-Xn-¡m-tcmSv ]usemkv AhpsS ]m]-§f - n \n¶p am\-km-´c - s
- ¸-
Sp-hm³ ]dªp! ""am\-km-´c - s
- ¸-SpI'' F¶p ]d-ªm ""]m]-s¯-
¡p-dn-¨p-ff at\m-`m-h-¯n a\Êv amäpI F¶m-Wv, ]m]s¯ kw_-
Ôn¨p hmkvXh - ¯- n Zp:Jn¡bpw Abm-fp-sS PohnXw amäp-hm³
\nÝ-bn-¡bpw sN¿pI.''29 {]tXy-I-ambn, ]usem-knsâ tIÄhn-¡mÀ
""hn{K-l§- sf hn«v Poh-\p-ff ssZhs¯ tkhn-¡p-hm³ Xncn-bWw''
(1 sXÊ-sem-\n-IyÀ 1:9).
]usem-knsâ Ime¯v Bh-iy-§f - n H¶v am\-km-´c - -s¸-SpI
F¶-Xm-bn-cp-¶p, \½psS Ime¯pw Gähpw henb Bh-iy-§-fnÂ
H¶v am\km-´-c-s¸-SpI F¶-XmWv. ImÄ sa\n-©À, -Fw.-Un.-, A-t±-
l-¯nsâ ]pkvXI - -amb hms«-shÀ _n sIbnw Hm^v kn³? F¶-
Xn FgpXn:

... hfsc Ipd¨p ]ptcm-ln-X-·mÀ C¡m-e¯v [Ign-ª-Im-e¯v

D]-tZ-jvSm-¡·mÀ] {]hm-NI - -·mcpw tbml-¶m³ kv\m]-I\pw
sNbvX-Xp-t]mse kml-kn-I-ambn ]d-bp-hm³ ss[cy-s¸-Sp-¶p-
f-fp ... (-Nn-eÀ Xo{h-hm-Zn-IÄ sNbvX-Xp-t]m-se) ]c-ky-ambn
XÀÖ\w sNbvXm AhÀ ]g-b-Xn-te¡p Xncn-¨p-t]mtbm
F¶p `b-s¸-Sp-¶p. AXp-sIm-−v, KÔIw I¯p¶ Xos¸m-
bvI-sb-¸än ]d-bp-I-bn-Ã. AhÀ hniz-kn-¡p-¶-Xp-t]mepw `b-
¯m shtÅm-Sn-ep-ff Bfp-IÄ {i²-tbmsS tIÄ¡p-hm³
]d-bp-I-bnÃ.30

a\p-jysc þ {]km-Zn-¸n-¡p-¶h - c
- mb (K-em-XyÀ 1:10) ""]ptcm-ln-X·- m-
cmb Bfp-IÄ'' Bfp-It- fmSp am\-km-´c - s- ¸-Sp-hm³ aSn-¡p-¶p, F¶mÂ
kphn-ti-j{- ]-kw-KI - À A§s\ sN¿p-hm³ ss[cy-s¸-Sp-Ib - n-Ã. tbip
{]kw-Kn-¡p-hm³ h¶-t¸mÄ, Ahsâ hmbn \n¶p BZyw h¶ hm¡v
""am\-km-´c - s
- ¸-SpI'' F¶m-bn-cp-¶p (a¯mbn 4:17).
AtY-\-¡m-tcmSv ]usemkv `qX-Im-e-s¯-¡p-dn¨p ]dªp:
ssZhw ""Ct¸mÄ FÃm-bn-S¯pw ... FÃm-ht- cmSpw a\p-jy-tcmSpw am\-
km-´c - s
- ¸-Sp-hm³ Iev]n-¡p¶p'' Ahsc Dt¯-Pn-¸n-¨p-sIm−v Ah³

9
`mhn-sb-¡p-dn¨pw Ah-tcmSp ]dªp: ""Xm³ temIs¯ \oXn-tbmsS
hn[n-¸m³ Hcp Znhkw \nÝ-bn-¨p31'' (hmIyw 31). F¸n-¡q-cyÀ hnNm-
cn-¨Xv PohnXw ]ptcm-K-an¨p AW-ªp-t]m-Ip-sa-¶m Wv, kvtXmbn-
¡À hnNm-cn-¨Xv PohnXw ssZhnI Poh þ iàn-tbmSv ebn¨p tNcp¶
Hcp \S-¸m-X-bm-sW-¶mWv, F¶m ]usemkv ]d ªp, Po-hnXw
""ssZh-¯nsâ \ymbm-k-\-¯n-te-¡pÅ bm{X Xs¶-bm-sW¶v''!32
Ah-cp-sS AÚmX ssZhw Ah-cpsS krjvSn-IÀ¯m-hm-sW¶p
]usemkv Xd¸n¨p ]dªp; Ah³ ]dªhkm\n¸n-¨Xv B
AÚmX ssZhw Ah-cpsS \ymbm-[n-]³ BsW-¶mWv!
]usem-knsâ apJ-hp-c-{]k-wK-amb ""ssZhs¯bpw a\p-jy-
scbpw kw_-Ôn¨ kXyw'' ASn-Øm-\] - c
- -ambn Ah-km-\n-¸n-¨p. Hcp
hmIyw t]mepw D²-cn-¡m-sX, ]usemkv hmIy-{]-Xn-hm-Iy-ambn Xsâ
hmZw \nc-¯n. F§-s\-bm-bm-epw, Xsâ Gähpw {][m-\-s¸« ]mTw,
""tbip-hn-s\-Ip-dn-¨p-ff kXyw'' ""Xm³ \nb-an¨ ]pcp-j³ apJm´cw
temIs¯ \oXn-bn \ymbw hn[n-¸m³ Ah³ Hcp Znh-ks¯ \nÝ-
bn-¨ p. Ahs\ acn-¨ -h -c n \n¶p- b Às¯-g p- t ¶- e v] n- ¨- X n-\ mÂ
FÃmhÀ¡pw AXnsâ Dd¸p \evIn-bp-an-cn-¡p¶p'' (hmIyw 31;
Fw^kn-kv ssa³). B ""a\p-jy³'' tbiphm-bn-cp¶p. tbip-hnsâ
DbnÀ¸v At\Iw Dt±-i§ - sf \nd-th-äp-¶p;33 Hcp \ymb hn[n Znhkw
Ds−¶ Dt±iw hf-sc-Ip-d-¨p-am{Xw Adn-b-s¸-Sp¶p! (\m-a-t[-b-hn-
`m-K¡
- mÀ DbnÀs¯gp-t¶ev¸v BtLm-jn-¡p-t¼mÄ, F{X-t]À \ymb-
hn-[nsb Ipdn¨p {]kw-Kn-¡p-sa¶p Rm³ kwi-bn-¡p¶p!) Cu
BKÌv kt½-f\ - ¯- n\p ap³]p Ahs\ hnfn-¨n-«p-−v. ImcWw Ah³
tbip-hn-s\bpw ]p\-cp-°m-\s¯ {]kw-Kn-¨n-cp¶p (hmIyw 18).
Ah³ Ah-km-\n-¸n-¨t¸mÄ, Hcp apgp-N{Iw Bbn, B c−p hnj-
b-§sf Ah-km-\n-¸n¨p!34
]usemkv tbip-hns\ c£-I³ F¶p ]d-bmsX \ymbm-[n-]³
F¶p ]d-bm³ Imc-W-sa-´mWv? F´p-sIm-−mWv hniz-kn-¡p-hm³
]d-bmsX am\-km-´c - -s¸-Sp-hm³ ]d-bm³ IcWw? ]usem-knsâ
Im-c-W-§Ä F´m-bmepw aq¶p hkvXp-X-IÄ \ap¡v Dd-¸n¡mw: (1)
Cu {]tXyI hyàn-IÄ¡p {]tXyI ka-b¯v \evIp-hm³ Ah\v
]cn-ip-²m-ßmhmWv ktµiw \evIn-bXv (a-¯mbn 10:19).35 (2) ]usem-
knsâ {]kwKw A[n-Ihpw tIÄ¡p-hm³ h¶-hÀ (hmIyw 32)
Ahsâ c−m-as¯ Ah-Xc - W
- ¯
- n tbip-hn-s\bpw Ahsâ {Iqin-
t\bpw Iqdn¨p tI«p (1 sImcn-´yÀ 2:2). (3) 30-þmw hmIy-¯nse
""am\-km-´cw'' a\p-jysâ {]Xn-I-cWw sam¯-¯n DÄs¸-Sp-¶-
Xm-Wv, {]hr-¯n-If - nse AtX kµÀ`-¯n ]d-bp¶ ""hniz-kn-¡pI''
F¶ hm¡nepw a\p-jysâ {]Xn-I-cWw apgp-h-\mbpw DÄs¸-«n-cn-
¡p-¶p. tbmPn-¸n-¡p-hm³, Nne Øe¯p c£-¡p-ff \n_-Ô\-
bmbn kv\m\w ]d-bmdp−v; AXnsâ Bh-iy-an-söp hmZn-¡p-hm³
]usem-knsâ Actbm-]-I-¡p-¶nse {]kw-K-¯nse c£m-\n-_-Ô-
\-bn hnizmkw ]d-ªn-«nà F¶ Imc-W-¯m tbip {InkvXp

10
c£-I -\m-sW¶p hniz-kn-t¡− F¶p ]d-bptam? hN-\s¯
Kuchambn FSp-¡p-¶-hÀ ]usem-knsâ {]kwKw ""asämcp kphn-
tijw'' F¶p ]d-bp-I-bnà (K-em-XyÀ 1:6). AXp AtY-\-tcmSp am{X-
aà FÃm-h-tcmSpw Ah³ {]kw-Kn-¨Xp GI kphn-ti-j-am-bn-cp-¶p.
c£n-¡-s¸-Sp-hm³ AhÀ, aäp-Å-hÀ sNbvX-Xp-t]mse {]Xn-I-cn-t¡-
−n-bn-cp¶p: tbip-hn hniz-kn-¨v, ]m]-§-fn \n¶p am\-km-´c - -
s¸-«v, hnizmkw Gäp ]dªv kv\m\-¯n AS-¡-s¸-Sp-Ibpw thW-
am-bn-cp¶p (tdm-aÀ 6:3, 4)

{]Xn-I-cWw (17:32-þ34)
Ignª Hcp ]mT-¯nÂ, ]usemkv AtY-\b - n h¶Xp KpW-ap-
ff lrZ-b§ - Ä t\m¡n-bmWv F¶p \mw I−p.36 tbip ]dªp
KpW-ap-ff lrZ-b§- Ä \Ã a®p-t]m-se-bmWv: Bg-ap-ff, ip²-am-bXpw,
^e]q-bn-jvShpw Bbn-cn¡pw (eq-s¡mkv 8:4þ15). AtY-\b - n-se, an¡
`mK-§-fn-tebp a®v, Bg-an-Ãm-¯Xpw \n_n-Uh - p-amWv. AÔ-hn-izm-
k-¯n-tâbpw am\p-jn-I-Im-cW - §- fpw \nÀÖo-hm-hØ - bpw \nd-ª-
Xm-bn-cp-¶p. eqs¡mkv ]d-ªp, ""acn-¨h - c
- psS ]p\-cp-°m-\-s¯-¡p-
dn¨v tI«n«p NneÀ ]cn-l-kn-¨p, aäp NneÀ, "R§Ä CXn-s\-¸än
]ns¶bpw \nsâ {]kwKw tIÄ¡mw F¶p ]dªp'''; ""Nne ]pcp-j-
·mÀ Ah-t\mSp tNÀ¶p hniz-kn¨p'' (hm-Iy-§Ä 32, 34). eqs¡mkv
kqNn-¸n¨ aq¶p {]Xn-Ic - W
- k
- z-`mhw kphntij-t¯m-Sp-ff {]Xn-Ic - -
W-ambn temI-¯n Npäpw D−mImw.

NneÀ ]cn-l-kn¨p
BZyw, ""acn-¨h
- c
- psS ]p\-cp-°m-\s¯ tI«,'' NneÀ ""]cn-lk - n¨p
XpS§n''37 (hmIyw 32). Fs´-¦nepw ]pXpXmbn tIÄ¡p-t¼mÄ Bg-
an-Ãm¯ þ a\-Êp-ff hyàn-IÄ ]cn-tim-[n--¡p-¶-Xn\p ]Icw Ifn-
bm-¡p-¶-XmWv AhÀ¡v Ffp-¸w; ""\n§Ä AXns\ Nncn¨v If-
ªmÂ, AXp I−n-söp \Sn-¡mw.''
B aoän-§ns\ De¨ hnjbw ""acn-¨h - -cpsS ]p\-cp-°m\w'' Bbn-
cp¶p F¶p {i²n-¡p-I. Ah-cpsS Iem-cq-]-§sf ]usemkv Xcw
Xmgv¯n kwkm-cn-¡p-¶Xpw AhÀ am\-km-´-cs]-tS−XmsW¶pw
A´Àeo-\-am-¡nb {]kwKw AhÀ kln-jvWp-X-tbmsS tI«p-sIm-
−n-cp-¶p. F§-s\-bm-bm-epw, ""SuWn\p þ ]pd¯p \n¶pw þ Dff
Hcp hn¯p þ s]dp-¡p-¶-h³'' imco-cnI DbnÀs¯-gp-t¶-ev]ns\¸än
]d-ª-t¸mÄ, AhÀ¡p ]ns¶ ]nSn¨p \nev¡m-\m-bn-Ã. hyXykvX
XXzÚm\ kvIqfp-IÄ Ipsd-sbms¡ k½-Xn¡p¶ps−-¦nepw,
imco-cnI DbnÀ¸v Hcp hnÍn-¯-am-sW¶v AhÀ FÃm-hcpw tbmPn-
¡p-¶p. Bßm-hnsâ B \iz-cX - sb hniz-kn-¡p-¶h- À t]mepw Icp-
Xp-¶Xp `uXnI icocw Xn·-bm-sW¶mWv. ""{Ko¡p-Im-c-\p, icocw
Hcp XS-hm-Wv; F{X s]s«¶v HcmÄ icocw hnSp-¶pthm A{Xbpw
thKw AbmÄ kt´m-j-h-\m-Ipw. ]ns¶ B ico-cs¯ DbnÀ¸n¨v

11
ho−pw F´n\p Pohn-¡Ww?''38 hnZym-`ym-k-ap-ff Hcp {Ko¡p-Im-
csâ at\m-`mhw Hcp {Ko¡v Fgp-¯p-Im-csâ hm¡p-I-fm Npcp-
¡p-hm-\mWv: ""Hcn-¡Â Hcp a\p-jy³ acn-¡bpw \new Ahsâ càw
IpSn-¡bw sNbv Xm ]ns¶ Hcp DbnÀs¯-g p- t¶-e v ] p- anÃ'' 39
]usemkv D]-tbm-Kn¨ A\-kvXm-knkv F¶ hm¡v Xs¶-bmWv
""DbnÀs¯-gp-t¶-ev]n\v'' -A-hcpw D]-tbm-Kn-¨Xv.40
Asc-tbm-]-I-bn-ep-−m-bn-cp¶ ]cn-lm-k-IÀ¡v {Kmly \nt£-
]-ap-−m-bn-cp-¶p, ]t£ Ah Ah-cpsS hnc-ep-IÄ¡n-S-bn-eqsS
t]mIm³ A\p-h-Zn-¨p.

NneÀ Im¯n-cp¶p
aäp-f-f-hÀ ]usem-kn-t\mSp, ""R§Ä CXn-s\-¸än ]ns¶bpw
\nsâ {]kwKw tIÄ¡mw F¶p ]dªp'' (hmIyw 32). s^en-Ivkn-
s\-t]m-se, AhÀ ]d-ªp, ""Xev¡mew t]mImw, [R§Ä] Ah-kcw
Df-f-t¸mÄ \ns¶ [R§Ä] hnfn-¸n¡mw'' (24:25). AhÀ hmkvX-h-
¯n Xmev]c - y-ap-ff
- h
- c
- m-bn-cp-t¶m, AsÃ-¦n AhÀ shdpsX am\y-
ambn Ahs\ Hgn-hm-¡p-I-bm-bn-cpt¶m? F\n¡v Adn-ªp-Iq-Sm.
]t£ Hs¶-\n-¡-dnbmw \o«n-sh¸v ssZh-hp-amb _Ô-¯n A]-
ISw ]nSn¨ ]Wn-bm-Wv.41

NneÀ hniz-kn¨p
B ka-b-¯v, ]usemkv ""Ah-cpsS \Sp-hn t]mbn'' (hmIyw
33),42 AhÀ tI« Imcy-§sf Nn´n-¡p-hm³ Hcp ]t£ \ncm-i-bnÂ
hn«n-«m-bn-cn-¡mw ]usemkv ]Sn-IÄ Cd-§n-b-Xv.43 A§s\-sb-¦nÂ
ASp¯ hmIy-¯n\v \ap¡v ssZh-t¯mSv \µn ]dbmw. ""Nne ]pcp-
j-·mÀ Ah-t\m-Sp tNÀ¶p hniz-kn-¨p, Ah-cn Actbm]-I-Øm-
\n-bmb Znsbm-\ptkymkpw Za-cnkv F¶p t]cp-tÅmcp kv{Xobpw
aäp Nnecpw D−m-bn-cp¶p'' (hmIyw 34). AsXmcp kar²amb
sImbv¯v Bbn-cp-¶n-Ã, F¶m sImbv¯m-bn-cp¶p Xm\pw þ kÀÆ-
tem-I-t¯-¡mfpw hep-XmWv Hcm-ßm-hv.
]cn-hÀ¯-I-cn ""Ac-tbm-]I - -Øm\n-''44 Znsbm-\p-t\ymkv D−m-
bn-cp-¶p. Hcp Ac-tbm-]-I-Øm\n Ac-tbm-]-I-tIm-S-Xn-bnse {]i-
kvX-\mb Hcw-K-am-bn-cp-¶p. ]«-W-¯nse {]am-Wn-am-cn Hcm-fm-bn-
cp¶p Znsbm-\p-tkym-kv. ]ns¶ Z acnkv F¶ kv{Xobp-ap-−m-bn-cp-
¶p,45 kzm[o-\a - p-ff kv{Xo Bbn-cp-¶XpsIm−mImw eqs¡mkv Ah-
fpsS t]À ]d-ªXv þ AsÃ-¦n A§s\ Bbn-cn-¡b - n-Ã.46 AXn\p
tijw ""aäp-ff - h- cpw'' eqs¡mkv ]usem-knsâ {]kw-K¯ - nse Npcp-
¡-amWv \evIn-b-sX-¦n-epw, ]usem-knsâ AtY-\-bnse ip{iq-j-
bpsS Npcp-¡-hpw47 ip-{iq-j-bpsS {]Xn-I-c-Whpw \evIp-¶p-−v.
AtY-\-bn kv\m\w H¶pw \S-¶n-«nà F¶v At\Iw hymJym-
Xm-¡Ä Icp-Xp-¶p. AhÀ CXn\p FSp-¡p¶ ImcWw ]usemkv
sImcn-´yÀ¡p Fgp-Xp-t¼mÄ, sImcn-´n Xma-kn¨ kvsX^m-s\m-

12
knsâ IpSpw-_hpw F¶ {]kvXmh\sb ASn-Øm-\-s¸-Sp-¯n-bmWv
(1 sImcn-´yÀ 1:14-þ16; 16:17), AhÀ ""AJm-bb - nse BZy-^e- a- m-bn-cp¶p''
(1 sImcn-´yÀ 16:15) (A-tY-\-bn-ep-f-fXpw sImcn-´n-ep-Å-hcpw AJm-
b-\m-«p-Im-cm-bn-cp-¶p). F§-s\-bm-bm-epw, ]usemkv AhnsS Xma-
kn-¨n-cp-¶-t¸mÄ kvsX^m-s\mkpw IpSpw-_hpw AtY\ kµÀin-
¡bpw AhÀ A§s\ ]usem-kn-\m kv\m\-ta-ev¡bpw sN¿m³
km[y-X-bp-−v.48 NneÀ ""hniz-kn¨p'' ""tNÀ¶p'' F¶ eqs¡m-knsâ
{]kvXm-h\ aäp ]«-W-§-fn-se ]cn-hÀ¯\ hnhcw Npcp¡n ]d-bp-
t¼mgpw ImWmw (13:48; 14:1; 17:4; 17:12); AXp-sIm−v 17:34 sâ AÀ°w
hyXy-kvXa - mbn ImtW-−X - n-Ã. ""Úm\n-If- n At\-Icpw'' {InkvXym-
\n-I-fmbn XoÀ¶nà F¶p ]usemkv Fgp-Xn-bXp hmkvX-h-amWv
(1 sImcn-´yÀ 1:26), ""At\-Icpw CÃ'' F¶-Xn\p ""Bcpw CÃ''
F¶À°w hcp-¶n-Ã.
B ]«-W-¯nse k`-sb-¸än ]pXn-b \nb-a-¯n ]d-ªn-«nÃ
F¶-Im-c-W-¯m þ ]usemkv AtY-\-bn CS-hI Øm]n-¨n-«nÃ
F¶p GXm\pw Hgn-hp-I-gn-hp-I-tfm-sS, hymJym-Xm-¡Ä Dd¨p hniz-
kn-¡p-¶p. F§s\bmbm-epw, ]pXnb \nb-a-¯n t]À ]d-bm¯
At\Iw CS-h-I-IÄ ]usemkv Øm]n-¨n-«p-−v. Hcp CS-h-I-bpsS
LS\ F¶ \ma-t[b Bi-b-amWv hymJym-Xm-¡Ä¡v A[n-I-hp-ap-
f-f-Xv. HcmÄ kphn-tijw A\p-k-cn-¡p-t¼mÄ, B hyànsb k`-
tbmSp tNÀ¡p¶p F¶mWv ss__nÄ ]Tn-¸n-¡p-¶Xv ({]-hr-¯nIÄ
2:4749). AtY-\-bn Npcp-§n-bXv Bdp t]cpsS ]cn-hÀ¯-\-s¯-
sb-¦nepw eqs¡mkv ]d-bp¶p−v,50 ""kwL-Sn-¡-s¸-«tXm'' ""kwL-
Sn-¡-s¸-Sm-¯tXm'' Bbn«v B AwK-§-fmWv B ]«-W-¯nse k`.
(c−mw \qäm-−n {]_-e-amb Hcp CS-hI AtY-\-bn D−m-bn-cp-
¶p F¶p Ncn{Xw tcJ-s¸-Sp-¯p-¶p. B sImbv¯p Bcw-`-¯nÂ
hn¯p hnX-¨Xp ]usemkv BsW-¶-Imcyw Bsc-¦nepw \ntj-
[n¡ptam?)
B hnc-en-se-®m-hp¶ KpW-ap-ff lrZ-b-§Ä¡v F´p kw`-
hn¨p F¶-dn-ªm sImÅm-am-bn-cp-¶p, F¶m eqs¡mkv AXp
]d-bp-¶n-Ã. ]Sn-ªmdv \Ã a®v ImWptam F¶-dn-bm³ ]usemkv
B hgn¡v \o§n. sImcn-´n \n¶p \ap¡v \½psS IY s]dp-¡n-
sb-Sp-¡mw.

D]-kw-lmcw
kt´m-jn-¸n³; AÚmX ssZhs¯ Ct¸mÄ shfn-s¸«v In«n!
""Ah-\n-esÃm, \mw Pohn-¡bpw, Ncn-¡bpw, Ccn-¡bpw sN¿p-¶Xv''
(hmIyw 28; KJV ). \mw Ct¸mÄ \½psS kzmÀ° PohnXw hn«v
Ah-\n-te¡p Xncn-bWw. ""ssZhw FÃm-bn-S¯pw FÃm-h-tcmSpw
am\-km-´-c-s¸-Sp-hm³ Iev]n-¡p¶p'' (hmIyw 30). \n§Ä am\-km-
´-c-s¸-tS− Bh-iy-an-söp \n§Ä¡p tXm¶p-¶p-sh-¦n Cu
]mTw \n§Ä¡p-f-f-XmWv!

13
 \n§Ä F§s\ {]Xn-I-cn¡pw?NneÀ sNbvX-Xp-t]mse \n§Ä
]cn-l-kn-¡ptam? NneÀ sNbvX-Xp-t]mse \n§Ä \o«n sh¡ptam?
AtXm Ipsd-t]À sNbvX-Xp-t]mse hniz-kn¨v A\p-k-cn-¡ptam?
HmÀ¡pI: Ct¸mÄ tbip-hns\ \n§-fp-sS c£n-Xm-hm-¡mw, ]ns¶
Hcn-¡Â Ah³ \n§-fpsS \ymbm-[n-]-\m-Ipw. ""ssZhw temIs¯
\oXn-tbmsS hn[n-¸m³ Hcp Znhkw \nÝ-bn-¨n-cn-¡p¶p'' (hmIyw
31). AXp DbnÀs¯-gp-t¶ev]v Dd-¸m-¡p¶p!

{]kwKIpdn-¸p-IÄ

""a\p-jysâ k¦oÀ®-amb tNmZy-§Ä¡v kzÀ¤-¯nsâ Xpd¶

D¯-c-§Ä'' F¶m¡mw, thW-sa-¦n ]usem-knsâ {]-kw-Kw,
BZy JWvUn-I-bnse tNmZy-§Ä {]Imcw C§s\ hn`-Pn-¡mw:
(1) ""Rm³ FhnsS \n¶p h¶p?'' (ssZhw Fs¶ krjvSn¨p)
(hm-Iy-§Ä 24-þ26). (2) ""Rm³ F´n-\m-Wn-hnsS?'' (ssZ-hs¯
At\z- j n- ¡ p- h m³) (hm-I y- § Ä 27- þ 29). (3) ""Rm³ FhnsS
t]mIp¶p?'' (\ym-b-h n-kvXm-c-¯n-te-¡v ). B Nn´ asämcp hn[-
¯nepw cq]-s¸-Sp¯mw (1) a\p-jysâ DÛ-hw, (2) a\p-jysâ Dt±-
iw, (3) a\p-jysâ e£y-Øm\w.

Ipdn-¸p-IÄ
1hm-sc³ U»n-bp.hngvkvt_, Z ss__nÄ FIvkvs]m-kn-j³ Isaâdn, hmeyw
1 (ho-sä¬ III.: hnIvSÀ _pIvkv, 1989), 473. 2""... -F-¦n \n§Ä IÀ¯mhnsâ th-
e-bn hnP-bn¡pw'' F¶ ]mT-¯nse 17:18 se t\m«p-IÄ t\m¡p-I (17:16-þ34). 3-]u-
semkv hnNm-c-W-bn Bbn-cp-s¶-¦nÂ, tImSnXn hn[nsb kzm[o\n-¡p-hm³ Cu
{]tXyI tImS-Xnsb A\p-tam-Zn-¡p-¶Xp \nba hncp-²a - mbncp¶p. 4KJVbn ""AÔ-
hn-izm-k-ap-ff,'' F¶Xp ]usemkv Hcp ]t£ Ah-cpsS hn{K-lm-cm-[-\sb Bbn-
cn¡mw Dt±-in-¨Xv Xsâ tIÄhn-¡m-cp-ambn ]usemkv hm¡p-IÄ sIm−v Ifn-¡p-
I-bm-bn-cp¶p F¶p ]d-b-s¸-Sp¶p þ X\n¡v HcÀ°hpw AhÀ¡p thsdm-cÀ°-
hpap-ff hm¡p-IÄ D]-tbm-Kn-¨p-sIm−v. 5Cu ]cn-io-e-\s¯ ]cn-tim-[n¨v c−v
euInI Fgp¯p-Im-cm-bncp¶p c−mw \qäm-−nse ]ukm-\n-bkpw aq¶mw \qäm-
−nse Bcw-`-¯nse ^nsemkv {Smämkpw. 6Cu _m[sb Ipdn¨v {Ko¡v Fgp-¯p-
Imcpw ]d-ªn-«p-−v, D]-tZiw kzoI-cn-¡bpw _m[ Hgn-hm-¡p-Ibpw sNbvXp F¶p
koNn-¸n-¡p-¶p. 730þmw hmIy-¯n AtX hm¡v D]-tbm-Kn-¡p-¶p-−v. 8Cu hm¡nÂ
\n¶mWv \ap¡v ""AKvt\mÌnIv,'' F¶ hm¡v e`n-¨Xv A£-cnI AÀ°w ""Adn-
bm¯ BÄ'' F¶m-Wv. Hcp \nco-iz-c-hmZn ]d-bp-¶p, ""ssZhw CÃ'' F¶v; Hcp
AKvt\mÌvIv ]d-bp-¶p, ""ssZhw Dt−m CÃtbm F¶v F\n-¡-dnªp IqSm.'' 9""ssZh
klm-b-¯m þ Pohn-X-§sf amäÂ'' F¶ ]mT-¯nse 14:15-þ17 hsc-bp-ff t\m«p-
IÄ t\m¡p-I. 10-]u-sem-knsâ hm¡p-IÄ \s½ item-tam-tâbpw (1 cmPm-¡-·mÀ
8:27) kvsX^-s\m-knsâbpw ({]-hr-¯n-IÄ 7:48, 49) hm¡p-IÄ \s½ HmÀ¸n-¡p¶p.
11NASB icn-bmbn Cu ]Zw XÀÖna sNbvXn-«p−v; aqe-{K-Ù-¯n ""h¬''

14
F¶mWv. At\Iw XÀÖn-a-IÄ ""h¬'' F¶-Xn-t\mSv Hcp hm¡v tNÀ¯n«p−v.
KJVbn ""h¬ »Uv'' F¶m-Wv. Cu hmIy-¯nsâ {]mtbm-KnI kXyw sshZy-im-
kv{Xhpw k½-Xn-¨n-«p-−v. hÀ¤-tam, _Ùtam IW-¡n-se-Sp-¡msX Hcm-fpsS càw
t]mse Xs¶-bmWv asämcmfp-tS-bpw. cà-¯nsâ hyXymkw _Ô-s¯tbm hÀ¤-
s¯tbm kqNn-¸n-¡p-¶n-Ã. 12-D-ev]¯n 3:20 {i²n-¡p-I. Cu hmIyw lÆsb Ipdn-
¨mWv ]d-bp-¶-sX-¦n-epw, t]mbnâ v H¶p Xs¶-bm-Wv. 13-B-\n-{In-Ìn³ 1995, BKÌv
30 \mWv P\n-¨Xv. Ah-fpsS amXm-]n-Xm-¡Ä Rm³ {]kw-Kn-¡p¶ PqU-tkm-Wnbm,
NÀ¨v Hm^v ss{IÌn-emWv kw_-Ôn-¡p-¶X - v. ]Icw Hcp {]mtZ-inI {]Xn-asb Nn{Xo-
I-cn-¡mw. 1417:26 NneÀ FSp¯v hÀ¤o-b-Xsb ]d-bm³ D]-tbm-Kn-¡p¶p; AhÀ ]d-
bp-¶Xp B hmIy-¯nsâ AÀ°w ""ssZhw FÃm a\p-jy-tcbpw Hmtcm Øm\¯p
sh¨n-cn-¡p-¶p, AbmÄ AhnsS¯s¶ Bbn-cn¡Ww.'' F§-s\-bm-bm-epw, ]cn-K-
Wn-¡p-¶Xp, bqtdm-¸n-em-Wv. AbmÄ _Ô-s¸-Sp-¶Xp FÃm hnZym-`ym-k, kmaq-
lnI Xe-¯n-ep-f-f-h-cpambn-«m-Wv. AbmÄ Ah-Im-i-s¸-Sp-¶-Xp-t]mse Adn-b- þ -
s¸-Sp¶ ""ssZhw ap³ \nÝ-bn¨'' kmaq-ln-Itam `qan-im-kv{X-]c - tam Bb ""Øe-
¯Ã'' ""Xma-kn-¡p-¶-Xv.'' 15-H-cmÄ FhnsS Xma-kn-¨mepw, B tZi¯v ssZhw
{]hÀ¯n¨p sIm−n-cn¡pw F¶- hkvXpX Øm]n-¡mw. 16-F-{_m-bÀ 11:6 Dw a¯mbn
7:7, 8 Dw BhÀ¯\ ]pkvXIw 4:29 Dw t\m¡pI. 17-aq-e-{K-Ù-¯nse 27-þmw hmIyw
ap³]p-ff e`n-Xa - mb hmIy-§-tfmSv tbmPn-¡p¶p; hmIyw 27 XpS-§p-¶p, ""Sp ko¡v
... .'' 18NIVbn ""ssZhw CXp sNbvXXp A§s\ a\p-jyÀ Ahs\ At\z-jn-t¡-
−-Xn-\t{X.'' (Fw-^k - nkv ssa³.) 19-a-\p-jy³ `qan-bn Bbn-cn-¡p-¶-Xnsâ asämcp
Dt±-iw, a¯mbn 5:16 t\m¡p-I. ""ssZhs¯ At\z-jn-¡Â'' a\p-jysâ {]mcw`
Dt±-i-ambn IW-¡m¡mw; ""ssZhs¯ al-Xz-s¸-Sp-¯Â,'' A´na e£y-am-bpw. 20Cu
sKbn-an hmen-Ãm¯ Hcp IgpXsb Npa-cn hc-¡p-I. Ip«n-I-fpsS I®p-IÄ sI«n
Hcp, t]¸À hmepw kqNnbpw sImSp-¡p-I. aq¶p {]mhiyw Ahsc ]nSn¨v Xncn-¨n«v,
Igp-X-bpsS t]¸-dn-ep-ff hm Npa-cn IrXy-Øm-\¯p tNÀ¯p ]n³ sN¿p-hm³
]d-bp-I. Gähpw ASp¯ Øm\¯v hm LSn-¸n-¡p¶ BÄ hnP-bn-bm-hpw. aäp
cmPy-§-fnÂ, Ip«n-I-fpsS I®p-IÄ sI«n thsc sKbnw Ifn-¡m-dp-−v. Fsâ Nn{Xo-
I-c-W-¯n\p ]änb atä-sX-¦nepw H¶p ]Icw BImw.
21-]u-sem-knsâ ASp¯ hm¡v þ ""\mapw Ahsâ k´m-\a - sÃm'' þ F¶Xp
kvtXmbn-¡-cpsS kÀÆhpw ssZh-abw F¶ Nn´m-K-Xn¡p t\sc FXn-cm-bn-cp¶p.
22-Xn-s¯mkv 1:12 km[m-cW F¸n-sa-\n-sU-kns\ {]IoÀ¯n-¡p-¶-Xmbn IW-¡m-
¡mw. F¸n-sa-\n-sU-kns\ {Ko¡p XXz-Úm-\n-IÄ hfsc BZn-cn-¨n-cp¶p; Nne
{Ko¡p-ImÀ Ah³ ssZ-izm-knb-b-\msW¶p t]mepw Icp-Xn-bn-cp-¶p. 23-A-cm-¯mkv
]usem-kn-s\-t]mse Inen-Iy-¡m-cm-\m-bn-cp-¶p. ]usem-ksâ XÀskm-knse Bcw-
`-]-T\ ka-b¯v Acm-¯k - nsâ D²cWn-IÄ [mcmfw tI«n-cn-¡mw. 24-a-sämcp Ihn,
¢o³sXkv, CtX Bibw hyXykvX hm¡p-I-fn kqNn-¸n-¨n-«p-−v. 25-ssZh-¯nsâ
{]tXyI KpW-§sf kq-Nn-¸n-¡p¶ sXbn-tbm¬ F¶ {Ko¡v hm¡v XÀÖna
sNbvX ""tKmUv slUv'' F¶ hm¡mWv KJV bnÂ. ]gb Cw¥ojv hm¡mb ""tKmUv
þ slUv'' F¶Xv ""tKmUv lpUv'' F¶ Nn´n-t¨-¡mw. ""am³lpUv'' kqNn-¸n-¡p-
¶Xp AXmWv a\p-jys\ a\p-jy-\m-¡p-¶Xv F¶m-Wv, AXpsIm−v ""tKmUv lpUv''
ssZh-s¯ ssZh-am-¡p¶ KpW-§Ä kqNn-¸n-¡p-¶p. NASB bnse ""Unssh³
\m¨pÀ'' Cu Bi-bs¯ shfn-hm-¡p-¶p. 26-]u-sem-knsâ hn{K-lm-cm-[-\sb Ip-d-
n¨p-ff D]-tZ-i-¯nsâ {]Xn-I-cWw ImWp-hm³ 19:23-þ28 t\m¡p-I. 27KJVbn kpNn-
{X-amb ]Zw ""hn³IvUv Aäv,'' F¶mWv ]t£ {Ko¡n kwbp-à-hm-¡m-Wp-f-f-Xv
AÀ°w ""HmhÀ'' F¶pw ""Sp ep¡v'' F¶v AÀ°w hcp¶ asäm-¶p-am-W-Xv. 28-CtX
XoÀ¨-bp-ff asämcp ]pkvX-I-¯n\v, tdmaÀ 1:20 t\m¡-I. 29-{]-hr-¯n-IÄ 1þmw e¡-

15
¯nse i_vZ-kw-{K-l-¯nse ""am\-km-´cw'' F¶ hm¡v t\m¡p-I. 30-ImÄ sa\n-
©À, hms«-shÀ _n sIbnw Hm^v kn³? (\yq-tbmÀ¡v: lmt¯m¬ _pIvk,v C³Iv.,
1973), 195-þ96.
31B Znhkw Ft¸mÄ Bbn-cn-¡p--sa¶v ssZ-h¯n\v Hgn¨p aämÀ¡pw A-dn-
ªp-IqSm (a-¯mbn 24:36). 32-hnÃyw _mÀIvte, Z BIvSvkv Hm^v Z As¸mkvXÂkv,
sdh. CuUn. (^n-e-sZÂ^nb: shÌvan-\n-kvd-dÀ s{]kv, 1976), 132. 33-tdm-aÀ 1:4;
1 sImcn-´yÀ 15:20; apX-em-b-h. 34""31-þmw hmIy-¯nse Df-f-S¡w c-−m-as¯ ]mT-
¯n Xpd¶p ImWn-¡p¶p. BcmWv ssZhw \nb-an¨ a\p-jy³? Ah³ acn¨-h-
cn \n¶v DbnÀs¯-gp-t¶ä km-l-Ncyw F´mbncp¶p?'' (F-^v.-F-^v.{_qkv, Z
_p¡v Hm^v BIvSvkv, sdh. -CU - n. [{Kmâ v dm¸n-Uvkv, ssaIv.: U»nbq _n.-GÀUvam³
kv ]»n-jnwKv I¼-\n., 1988], 342). 35-]u-sem-kns\ AhÀ hn[-n¡p-¶-Xp-sImt−m
Ah³ ssZhw \oXn-tbmsS \ymbw hn[n¡pw F¶p Actbm-]-I¡ - m-tcmSv ]d-ªXv?
Ah-cpsS kzbw þ Xr]vXn a\-kn-em-¡nbXpsIm-−mtWm ]usemkv am\-km-´-c-
s¯- Ipdn¨v ]d-ªXv? 36Cu ]mT-¯nse ""KpW-ap-ff lrZ-b-§Ä tXSÂ'' F¶Xp
t\m¡pI. 37KJVbn ""ta¡vUv'' F¶m-Wv. asämcp km²yX ""kvtIm^vUv'' F¶mWv.
38-hn-tb-gvkvt_, 474. 39Cu {]kvXm-h\ Asb-kvIn-e-knsâ bqsa-\n-sUkv, D²-cn-
¨Xv dn¨mÀUv HmÌÀ C³ Z BIvSvkv Hm^v Zn As¸m-kvXÂkv, ]mÀ«v II (BÌn³,
sSIvkmkv.: kzoäv ]»n-jn§v I¼\n., 1979), 77. 40Cu ]m-T¯nse 17:18 sâ hymJym\w
t\m¡p-I.
41-]n-¶oSv hcp¶ e¡-¯nse 24:25 sâ t\m«p-IÄ t\m-Ip-I. 4233-þmw hmIy-
¯nse {]tbm-Kw- kq-Nn¸n¡p¶Xv ]usem-kn\p CjvSw t]mse t]mIp-hm\pw hcp-
hm\pw Ign-ªn-cp¶p F¶p kqNn-¸n-¡p-¶p, AXp-sIm−v Hu]-Nm-cnI hnNm-c-W-
bn-em-bn-cp-¶nà Ah³. 431 sImcn´yÀ 2:1þ3 kqNn-¸n- ¡p-¶Xv ]usem-knsâ AtY\-
bnse A\p-`hw Ahs\ \ncm-i-s¸-Sp¯n F¶m-Wv. 44-]m-c-¼cyw A\p-k-cn¨v,
Znsbm\p-tkymkv AtY\ k`-bnse Hcp _nj¸v (aq-¸³) Bbn-XoÀ¶p. Bbn-c-
n¡mw. aäp ]mc-¼-cyhpw Ahs\ kw_-Ôn¨ GXm−v AXp-t]m-se-X-s¶. C¶p
AtY-\-bnÂ, Ahsâ t]cn Hcp sXcphv D−v. 45-Hc - n-¡Â IqsS eqs¡mkv Bcw`
k`-bnse kv{XoI-fpsS ]¦ns\ Du¶n ]d-bp-¶p. 46-Z-a-cn-knsâ Xncn-¨-dn-hns\ Ipdn-
¨p-ff Dul-§Ä hn-hn-[§ - f
- mWv þ ""sXcp-hn \n¶p-ff Hcp kv{Xo'' ""AcntÌm{Ikn-
bnse AwK-ambn'' k¦-ev]§ - -fn A[n-Ihpw Icp-Xp-¶Xv AhÄ Ac-tbm-]-I-Ip-
¶nse {]kwKw tI«n--cp¶p F¶mWv, F¶m eqs¡mkv AXp ]d-bp-¶n-Ã. Hcp
]t£ AhÄ ssZh þ `à-bm-b-Xp-sIm−v ]usem-knsâ ]Ån-bnse {]kwKw
tI«n-cn-¡mw. 47-Xn-sam-sY-sbmkpw ioemkpw AtY-\b - n ]usem-kn-t\mSv tNÀt¶m
F¶p \ap¡p XoÀ¨bnÃ. 48-]u-sem-knsâ {]kvXm-h-\¡p aäp hni-Zo-I-c-W-§fpw
D−mIpw. Nne hymJym-Xm-¡Ä hniz-kn-¡p-¶Xv tbmKy-am-Ip¶ ]Zw ""C³ sImcn´v''
a\-kn-em-t¡-−-Xp-−v, AXp kqNn-¸n-¡p-¶-Xv, sImcn-´ns\ kw_-Ôn¨v ASp¯
]mT¯nse 18:8 sâ hymJym-Xm-¡Ä t\m¡p-I. ""AJm-b-bnse BZy ^ew'' Bbn-
cp-¶p. 49{]hr-¯n-IÄ 1þmw e¡-¯nse 2:47 sâ t\m«p-IÄ t\m¡pI. 50-]p-kvXIw
kwkm-cn-¡p-¶Xv ""Nne ]pcp-j· - mÀ [Npcp-§n-bX - v 2] ...- A-h-cn Znsbm-\p-kn-tbmkpw
... [+1] ]ns¶ Hcp kv{Xosb Za-cnkv [+1] aäp-f-f-hÀ [+ Npcp-§n-bXp 2 IqsS].''

ssZh-izm-kn-b-a-Ãm¯ Dd-hn-S-§-fn \n¶p D²-cn-¡Â

Actbm]I¡p¶n sh¨p ]usemkv {]kw- K n- ¨ - X nÂ
Ahsâ DbÀ¶ hnZym-`ymkw {]Xn-^en-¸n-¡-bp-−mbn; Xsâ kZ-
kyÀ _lp-am-\n-¨n-cp¶ euInI Ihn-I -fpsS D²-cWn FSp-¯p-

16
Im-Wn-¡ p-hm³ ]usem-k n\v Ign-ªn-cp-¶p. thsd c−p XhW
IqsS ]usemkv ssZh-i zm-kn-b-a-Ãm¯ Dd-hn-S-§ -fn \n¶p D²-
cn-¨n-«p-−v, AXv 1 sImcn-´ yÀ 15:33 Dw Xns¯mkv 1:12 Dw BWv.
Cu DZm-l -c-W -§fn \n¶p \mw c−p Imcy-§Ä XoÀ¨-s¸-Sp-
¯p¶p: (1) Nn{Xo-I -c-W -¯nt\m hni-Zo-I-cn-¡ mt\m ssZh-i zm-
knbaÃm¯ Dd-hn-S-§-fn \n¶p D]-tZ-jvSm-¡-·mÀ D]-tbm-Kn-¡m-
hp¶XmWv. (2) A§s\ A]qÀÆ-ambn D]-tbm-Kn-¡m-sa¶Xn\p Ipsd
DZm-l-c-W-§Ä ImWmw. Hcp ss__nÄ ¢mkntem {]kw-K-¯ntem
]pkvXI - -§-fn \nt¶m, amkn-II
- f
- n \nt¶m ]{X-§-fn \nt¶m,
aäp euInI Dd-hn-S-§-fn \nt¶m Bcpw CXpw D²-cn-¡m-hp-¶-X-Ã.
GI Npa-Xe \ne \nev¡p¶p: ""hN\w {]kw-Kn¡'' (2 Xnsam-sY-
sbmkv 4:2; Fw^-kn-kv ssa³). kphn-tijw Ct¸mgpw c£-¡p-ff
ssZh-i-àn-bm-Ip¶p (tdm-aÀ 1:16).

hn{K-lm-cm-[\ A¶pw C¶pw

AtY-\-bnse hn{K-lm-cm-[\ I−v ]usem-kn¶p ""tIm]-ap-
−mbn-.'' Ah³ ]g-b-\n-ba thZ-`m-K-§-fmb ]pd-¸mSv 20:4, 5; sbi-
¿mhv 44:9þ20; bnsc-aymhv 10:3þ5 Ah³ DbÀ¯n-bn-cn¡pw. ]pXnb
\nb-ahpw hn{K-lm-cm-[-\sb hne-¡n-bn-«p−v (1 sImcn-´yÀ 10:4; apX-
em-bh - .). hn{K-lm-cm-[-Ic
- mbn A\y-tZ-h·- msc hW-§p-¶-Xn \n¶p
hyXy-kvX-amWv F¶v NneÀ Nne aX-hn-`m-K§ - Ä sh¨n-cn-¡p¶ hn{K-
l-§sf hµn-¡p¶ Imcyw tNmZn-¡p-t¼mÄ ]d-bp-¶Xv. ""R§Ä
AXp sh¨n-cn-¡p-¶Xp shdpw {]Xo-Im-ßI - -am-bn-«m-Wv,'' ""R§Ä hn{K-
l-s¯-bÃ'' adn¨v, H¶mw \qäm-−n-se. F§-s\-bm-bm-epw, hn{K-lm-
þ- cm-[\- bpw C¶s¯ hn{Klm þ cm[-\bpw X½n sNdnb hyXymkw
D−v. H¶mw \qäm−nÂ, Adn-hpÅ A\y-tZ-h-·msc Bcm-[n-¨n-cp-
¶p-hÀ ]dbpw R§Ä hn{K-ls - ¯-bÃ
- , hn{Klw {]Xn-\n-[m\w sN¿p-
¶-hscbmWv Bcm-[n-¡p-¶-Xv. hn{K-lw, shdpsX h-¨n-cn¡p-t¶-bp-
Åp, R§Ä BZ-cn-¡p-¶Xv tZh-s\-bmWv; F¶m AÚ-cmbn
A\y-tZ-h· - msc \a-kv¡-cn-¡p-¶-hÀ ]dbpw R§Ä hn{K-l-¯nsâ
ap³]n-emWv Ip¼n-Sp-¶-Xv. AXp-t]mse C¶v Adn-hp-Å-hÀ ]dbpw,
R§Ä sh¨n-cn-¡p¶ {]Xna H¶p-In tbip-hn-tâXv (A-sÃ-¦nÂ
adn-b-bp-tStbm aäp ]pWy-hm-f-·m-cp-tS-tbm), BsW-¦nepw R§Ä
Ah-sb-bà hW-§p-¶Xv Ahsc {]Xn-\n-[m\w sN¿p-¶h - -sc-bm-Wv.
]t£ AÚ-cmb Bfp-IÄ hn{K-l-§-sf-bmWv \a-kvI-cn¨p {]mÀ-
°n-¡p-¶Xv. ""Fsâ Ipªp-§-tf, \n§Ä hn{K-l-§sf hnt«m-Sp-
hn³'' (1 tbml-¶m³ 5:21).

17