THE FUTURE TENSE OF VERBS The suffix of the future tense is -s for all the verbs in Lithuanian.

The future tense suffix is followed by personal endings (zero ending in the 3rd person singular and plural). a tu jis/ji/jie/jos mes js bgti bgsiu bgsi bgs bgsime bgsite aukti auksiu auksi auks auksime auksite pirkti pirksiu pirksi pirks pirksime pirksite eiti eisiu eisi eis eisime eisite

If the stem of a verb ends with s z , assimilation takes place: s/z + s s / + s sugrti jis sugr neti jis ne vesti jis ves megzti jis megs Some verbs replace their long stem vowel (usually or y) with a short one in the third person form: bti jis bus (but: a bsiu) lyti rytoj lis atgyti jis atgis (but: a atgysiu) Just like in the past tense, unprefixed verbs usually render lasting actions in the future tense: a raysiu laik I will be writing a letter a paraysiu laik I will write a letter THE CONDITIONAL FORM AND CONDITIONAL SENTENCES All verbs form the conditional mood in the same way (the set of endings is the same): a tu jis/ji/jie/jos mes js bgti bgiau bgtum(ei) bgt bgtu(m)me bgtu(m)te aukti aukiau auktum(ei) aukt auktu(m)me auktu(m)te pirkti pirkiau pirktum(ei) pirkt pirktu(m)me pirktu(m)te eiti eiiau eitum(ei) eit eitu(m)me eitu(m)te

Like in English, there are 3 types of conditional sentences: 1) real condition (future), e.g. if you come tonight, well go to see a movie

2) unreal condition in the present, e.g. if I knew what to do, I would tell you 3) unreal condition in the past, e.g. if I had known about it, I wouldnt have gotten involved in that deal The main difference between English and Lithuanian conditional sentences is that Lithuanian uses the same verbal forms in both clauses. Compare the following examples: If you come tonight, we will go to the cinema. Jeigu tu ateisi vakare, mes eisime kin. If I knew what to do, I would tell you. Jeigu a inoiau, k daryti, a tau pasakyiau. If I had known about it, I wouldnt have gotten involved in that deal. Jeigu a biau inojs apie tai, nebiau dalyvavs tame reikale. The last sentence is complex and contains participles that we are going to learn in the future. The simple conditional form is often used in modern Lithuanian to express desires, mild encouragements and other modal meanings like that: A mielai igeriau kavos! I would happily drink some coffee! Na tu bent truput jai padtum! You should probably help her at least a little bit! A noriau ten nuvaiuoti. I would like to go there. HOW TO FORM NOUNS A very handy way to form nouns is to take the past stem of a verb and add -imas to it. nuspsti (to solve) nusprendimas (a solution) bgti (to run) bgimas (running) gaminti (to cook) gaminimas (cooking) skristi (to fly) skridimas (a flight) eisti (to offend) eidimas (an insult)