(Oil transformer)

(Dry type transformer)



1. (Simple radial)
2. (Primary selective radial)
3. (Secondary selective )
4. (Spot network)
KVA

 (Simple radial)

 (Primary selective radial)

 (Secondary selective )

 (Spot network)

 KVA
2 0.75
(1/1.333)
2500 KVA 1

1 2
(KVA)
1000
1500
2000
2500
3000

(KVA)
2
750
1250
1500
2000
2500

 1500 KVA 2

1 1250 KVA 2

 2 3 4

KVA
5000

(KVA)
3 -

(KVA) 4
1250

5333

2000

6000

1500

6666

2500

8000

2000

10000

2500

 8000 KVA 2000

KVA 4

- (NO load loss)

- (Load loss)

000000

nS cos
nS cos + Wi + n2Wc

(1)

h
=
n
=
S
=
cos =
Wi =
Wc =

(% )
(Load factor)

(%)

= Wi
Wc



Watt Loss
KVA

10
20
30
40

Core Loss
11 KV
70
110
150
190

19 KV
75
120
160
200

22 KV
75
120
160
200

Copper
Loss
160
330
480
740

Imp
(%)
2.0
2.0
2.0
2.2



Core Loss
11 KV

22 KV

33 KV

Copper
Loss

190
320
460
650
770
930
1100
1300
1600
1950
2300
2800
3250

210
340
480
670
800
960
1150
1350
1600
1950
2300
2800
3250

230
350
500
700
850
1000
1200
1400
1700
2000
2350
2850
3300

1050
1750
2350
3250
3900
4600
5500
6500
11000
13500
16400
19800
24000

KVA
50
100
160
250
315
400
500
630
800
1000
1250
1500
2000

Imp
(%)
4
4
4
4
4
4
4
4
6
6
6
6
6

1.
2.
3.

S
A
F
UV
G RV O


4.
2

5.
6.


A = B + 97,065C + 47,740D + 2,905E for 12k V transformer
A = B + 97,065C + 47,740D + 5,880E for 24k V and dual
Primary transformer
A = Evaluated cost of transformer in baht.
B = Unit cost of transformer in baht
C = Excitation loss (no load loss) at room temperature
D = Load loss (winding loss) in kW
E = Excitation current (on primary side at rated primary
Voltage tap with rated primary voltage applied) at room
Temperature not more than 30OC in Ampere.



(Power factor)

 (Power factor)

Cu
Fe
3
(Normal loss) 2
(Reduce loss) 1
(Extra low loss)

I2

I22R

I21R
I22R

cos 1
I1
cos 2
I21R

cos 1
cos 2

( I2R)
2

 1 (Normal loss) 500 k

VA 300 KW (PF) 0.6 8
2 PF 0.95

PF 0.6 7

1150 W

6000 W

1150 + 6000 = 7150 W

 PF 0.95

1150 W
0.6

6000

1150 + 2393 = 3543 W

7150 3513 = 3607 W

3607 8 365 2

0.95

1000
=

21064.88

= 2393 W




1000 K V A 22 K V /400-230 V 1600
13500
50 K V A
() 1600 + 13500 = 15100
()

1600 + 13500 x

50

1000
2

= 1633.75

 50 KVA 210
1050

=
=

210 + 1050 = 1260

1633.75 - 1260 = 373.75

10 2

373.75 10 365 2
1000

2728