Catapult Report
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ScribdTranslationsFEDERAL UNIVERSITY OF RIO GRANDE - FURG
UNDERGRADUATE DEGREE IN MECHANICAL ENGINEERING
CATAPULTA MANGONEL REPORT
FERNANDO IENSEN 70429
MÁRIO ALCÂNTARA NUNES 67028
GABRIEL ALMEIDA LOPES 71316
Rio Grande, September 2019.
CATAPULT
2. OBJECTIVE
The work aims to build a catapult that meets all the prerequisites.
established requirements, that has security to operate it and also has the
ability to launch an object weighing between 0.1 to 1.5kg. In this case, our
the group opted for the Mangonel catapult type.
3. METHOD OF CONSTRUCTION
The first step was the development of a model project, through drawing.
with quotas, as a basis for the actual construction. Once the projection is made
initially, we set out to execution. The first part was focused on the construction
from the structural part, so that we can later deal with some variables
for the operation of the device, as a lever arm articulation,
as well as the springs and cables involved in its operation. The
The assembly was done with screws and wood glue, with the aim
of a good structural rigidity. Having done this, we proceed to the movable part of the
catapult aiming for good performance in the launch. The axis of the joint
was positioned at the front half of the catapult with the aim of functioning as
counterweight at launch, so that at the moment of firing there is no
the movement of its body. The means of activating the arm was made by
high load springs with little travel, because besides the arm being long, the wood
had an excess weight, which created a big moment, making it
the use of two springs is necessary. These were connected to the lever by a wire of
intertwined nylon in order to maintain good tensile strength, passing through
pulleys to reduce friction.
4. MATERIALS USED
3 pieces of wood 2.5x7x100cm
2 wooden pieces 2.5x7x50cm
7 pieces of wood 5x5x50cm
1 roll of nylon wire
20 nails
30 screws for wood
2 hooks for wood
1 threaded rod of 3/8''
2 small pulleys of 50mm
Wood glue
2 traction springs
2 nuts and 2 washers
1 cap of Nescafé (launch support)
2 brake lines of 3/16''
1 hammer
1 drill
1 saw
1 screwdriver
1 Wooden pencil
1 train
5. DIMENSIONING
Sizing the axis for fatigue.
Data:
Steel A-36
E=200 GPa
Sy=250Mpa
on=400MPa
d=3/8=9.525m
δ =3mm
.d4
Moment of inertia: I= =404.045mm4
64
Calculation of the force exerted on the axis using deflection:
P. L 3 d.48.E. I 3.48.200x103 .404,045
δ= →P= = =175.17N
48EI L3 4053
Calculation of reactions: R1=R 2=87,585N
With the alternating request, the average voltage is zero, so:
M.c 17.74 kNmm. 4.7625 mm
σ= = =209MPa=SN
I 404.045mm4
S10 =0.9Su=0.9 MPa=360MPa
3
Sn' =S 10 =0.5=200MPa
6
Estimating the number of cycles for fatigue resistance:
logSN−logS10 3
logN−3
logS10 −¿ logS10 =
6 3
→ l o g N =5,775¿
3
N=10 5,775=59132 cycles
After the calculations were performed, we concluded that the axis chosen for such function
