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The document discusses the concept of resonance, particularly in electrical circuits, detailing resonant frequency, impedance, and the relationship between inductance and capacitance. It explains how resonance affects current and voltage in circuits, including the conditions for achieving maximum power transfer. Additionally, it touches on bandwidth and quality factor in relation to resonant circuits.
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UN|T-lV
LOCUS DIRGRANS
: RESONANCE _
- Resonance: - Resonance 4 the phenomenon at which bath wvelloge ond
Gunnent ane fn phases
> Ab hesonance soal Crost och
> Power Fastov of he cimoutit =! Me sority focaer
Resonant Freq veney ~The Lrequene ’ wil which ‘Tesenance OCHS
Ow. Known Y Resoant Frequency (or)
The brequeney ok which Capact
ox, oy Called seserat
oy mectative Grol
factor (oPF)
Live sreactance (*)
31 Equal to indoelive meochanee CX) Pe Xe
brequency
uni ha
Ppptcliany: aT} Sy wed io Radio akolion ab sradiving aides: Baie
a raving Wo Aypes:
wb series Resonance ¢
Wir Ronallel Resonance
vty awe Oe
“a ,
dy Serfes Resonance: consider acne! heaving: Reitstance, jindodla
Copositonee conmultd in Surfes , xuked wilk an cMennatteg vattage yi
Here bolal ‘mmpecance of eh, ze RF OK, - x)
By Vosying Supply brequency, ot Some bregpeney sthe ancarbance of
wh cocuit Sy Equals to Rew (©) i
Copatibancé Reackanee ( Xe? &
artactante (XL) HGS Called Reajendnt Condition:
qual to TrdocbdoteFrese prays
Taal dneuit: acl ay Resiabive Rt
R & c
‘ey Sy a Known oy Resonant bréquency
freson DIAG@RAN :
NU
aes —_—_
‘e Ir ‘oe
f Vie at Retenanse
eRe ry Ve ‘
' .
— er —>
Ze at Re smnonte
we LE Me
Me Xe 4 So otha Vol «coup acres LEC Y Ano & Cwrent |
Mowtmum & 2% 4 mtatmum: msResonant Gunves 2—
Se 7 Smee
SL % 5
dy Re Abratght line a re Paige
‘57
hy xX stiline fossing “Hooug ) Koa X f
origin ada
oY Rees gol, hyperbola 7 LL Ac a
ti) X= bygale & ae w—_1 8
f.
OW) 2 fora bola . | / _ ‘at
. Ve v
WOT > Iron |
wi) RF ae | / :
ew HD win! 3g
iy x a =D % 5 MBL ED Me ME tv) zereiceer%) UOTE
tity : a. - -. bee
CAP BE BURGH este
VIX EX XE aD KE MeN, Ree by Xe ttY. feo
Ke XS XL, bP, 2+ Te tien V f
Xt) Ke HL > Ke Vv 2 Fina
eh HS 2 ERD Be
dy Restalance ats ct Radke! 2 &y the {udpenderk ok brequency Henee it 4
spend * by Abrotyht Tint 6% ZR ok XK
thy inbelive sngattance 5~ (%)
woe Xe 22th, ‘ee ALOEL ob
2” Hanee, ba “4 Uinesnly ‘Easing “Roough the odgin.
rte
iy eapackive geackance'4—-(%)
ily capacitive AE —
Kor sata
ook & neackang vlan. Hyperbole which & drawn to
Jodranl- ; "because tk &y vd.
1 Hee, XE,Nek Reackanee (X) :~ TH graph Hy Po bola and Crocs “Ha Prep
an Cay) at the font epreseolh he Resonant brequency CF, )
reek fy |x=o |
Yower failor : shen Fee Br , Copastbane aeattonte %>%
Henee Pouses, facoy 4 leading Pocorn, hackor-
e ‘
when Fs>> bar a >Xe Th focexs hadoy 4 3
when Cay ay Poco eles 4 onily
Vaitakion ofp fonpedame g Gonent wit brequeney
.—————
L
At { < f, impedance, 4 Max cod
Gomnen oy mtn.
pt $2 By Smpedance. BRad psy, &
Current 4 Moxtmom 4 Ry
migt nom Wy
AL %> Py Impedance Sy raxins ’ >F
1 ely oe RI RL Rg
and Current ay midtimum oe
os <= i=
yore. Case
Gh Re Crruak ak Py Or Tmae| or MRK
of A
= o/s 2 a
in = OvloT mar! ) “f. A pa
Pose td a, 1 1e@ MO
a 4 fy, BE OU
No :
« Im RF ihe “peaknay Powa brequensss brequends 4
Sey eo
dah P,Ppand PL besthe Nogni tudes of Poco delivered to mes!
—tance *R! at brequenedes fy. k, ihe
'
Pamwerk —@
es
rls
Tn). R FOS TR 201 SP ©
hosp —__@
From Squalions © 4® ,~Re Power delivered do aesistors
So) “RE cuk off. Fregedy 3 Sy also called oy “Halb Pace
Thes
Splat resonance ,
Frequency .
cut ofF Fregutene Hagnebodays -
At cut - off. brequencics , R aha, “Ha Power celivened ree
eststanee ‘Ray halls of sh Roeser delivered to Some arestatanee Ral
esenanks brie Pr hy ay fw yt er Rasen reper
Zt. dled eo Ors Jo soe oxbena ye Re ose mR
oe Vy [eat foe [2 98 [3 re
Tovent it ee coy BR =) — x= =e
80, ak lows — Cub of F brequemey X-XLo+R
a VO = = -2—
> GR N . oe ant sk os
r- “sv z
Sa
yt hae tut off brequeney | x, Xe ER
Fg Gees” ake RHR SD uyin oh carck Siam)
\Y. v
Ge —lCHY KHERBand width Cou) of Serfes Resonant Ghouit $-
at whieh Curoent y
Noo t
Heres! % Called " lower cut eat -olh brequenry"
©7097 Hmeg sth Govent at oresonant valve »
‘fy 4 Called “upper cuk-obb h requenty ; an
Equaking © &® .
2
{Awe syle sy
“> “He
ours = 4 PES
wwe * i
we Know re
arom So Wy HAUTE
+ The esonant Freq bs Ss; othe
duet mean ole ~Hta belb ~ Poa
breqpenae s Br Gf
By adcling oO ood. @)
Le
| H—wL bw iia
Oc 2
L(t ty) +L fa= aa) eR
We Know | we
soe.
Lea”
Gwrt Selom-un)QL (w,-w,) =2R
Bivode "Eqn: on BS wilh FY.
eee atc
Fo-Fi ime -
GHB
! i
hy o qQ by Q
The Vorfolion ok “mpe danee ond Glrmenk wile brequenty
u how in bigu:
a aa y
Tea Oe
i R430 Xe’)> At sesenant brequeney isthe Copaakive seockance 4 Equal to
rnduckive Suackonee , and hente the Impedance Sy Miatmom Becoure of
Wickimu “inpedonte.; Noximom Carhent blouss ~Mrwugh ~He Great «Th
Gorenk Veskolion esik breaeney dy plotted in by ay: :
=> The voltage drep alness meistance oy Vg eieR
te Induckante yy exis T° antl
a u
tr Ve Ww
skanee 4 Tee Les
u Copaatane 4 Vee Tr k= 1 omEc
From =the above dowops Vg & Yndependent of breguen ty bot
ckpends om Curent (Z)»
=> ab Feo, Hk opasibor at ay am ope” uk and
“Hs frequency , Hu Compe Voltage. aprons otnocs “Hy capasitor, bot
He inductor otk af a S10. So , Mze _ ns ee
~ Coe
= Vez Ms: Vas —>
As ’ -
~ the brequeney Imoreayes «A deereayes and Xi incrayes » axing tokal
CX XL) sty deorenye ~ Aso ses the Impedance Aecneafes andthe
Carmen Tmigeayes: ASH caomrent ta tntoeotes-
blocks Gurnent of
; Vota PooiIR
‘eA * = Ik
vey t= IX,
> vente brequeney nrathes ak stesonant volue By" «the Ynpe dane
4 Bol % *e ‘ve ak “HS, brequenty Goment neothes wy
Moxkmim value’ ond Vp 4 at ty Maximum valves
ne IR C Moxlmum)
-=Ve | Cat eoscronte )=> As the brepreney 4 Tncsreoy.e cf 12 Me
above NeSonance, X_ Centinows to ly ,
® ond X. Len Hnous to Vp couy "9 VV , J 77 “a”?
' tA: a
ta tobel svachance (x, -%) +0 ee
Vnmmee Aso sresolt there § fF | t t ~ 2
in Zand Aécreae 40 sce
= As {ely Bexomes Now hgh, mo ' ae?
1 searches Zero beh, “habe Vp ft Ve
neouhes Zeno yond vy, seache Y. La = ,
AWA 2. J Sit
RE XL
> ed
Frequency, ot which Mardmom Valve of Vi 2ccunsi=
frducbey in Ger a)
: Ve Ix,=hw
. The _ cowioss On
qt aN ¢
ae”
w 4 Si ainoss ‘fndue
Le
Tey (org
wn
we
Sqporing on gpsthstdes ua
yy
viv Nwtle
vv. MY L 2—_——_.,
= 4 Ya
* wR (whe-')
v 1 \v
Re+CWL ae
difhown Labing vy” enor seing sy.
due
we qet
=> outr —we’at2=0
ware eR" =v wl
= Vov Te RY
2Lc-CR a
wre oh aie
a
Frequency ak uthidy Maefmym valve o _V Ve OCeuns’, —
b
The vettoge, adios a copeuitoy dy given Py N
ete
log
eee
Zz
= Ten, = Vv }
Sqparing mM BS,
Vv vv
MY e,
* LR (ue TT
we’ Pe Cit ‘Le~ when)
wv
wy
Rae” +L”
By differing MY wercko ‘ww! and equaling to Zeno:
ayy VW Jouyeve
St -0- YC “+2 (uphe Dave]
dw
~ Ee w we (we yy}
tg RY 9 (wyYLe-1) 2 wWeic=02oyvere + ¢RV-2L 20 =>
'belawe wy Zl
Vit _ RY 5
wg’ ate
) nals fy. x
‘ | Bandwidth gy .
Frobkm @ Forth ballecoing cle Lied “He resonant begun}
“sel f,2 oyna
2NiLe = _
TM TosxeXox 15 ©
= 225K
to. O-SmH | IONE
i
Na
© Fina Copoxi brag neoelance ond, {impedance ak ae Sonante hort
Sching chat.
Sol Soe |
=" pk Resenance. XL =Xe ee ae AIK
Xoo rs
ve THR => etn
oc. Copatlie neat!
— S11) Soy Hr bg Ahown panel the Sof a ne
on Hs big is :
Gree todibier sy tenped
poom _y
Soh es btu)
4 I
a |
VuhQueerty Factor sth & Ralio of Reackonte to MUiAtOne
Qe = ML. %e [ors
/ { R 7
cea
% dels shoo} Beackive foe.
Qual bork sf dehined Of Sac
Ack fou
— ‘Reockive Ror . Ex x
on ery. 7,
ResaHue(ow achive Pow Z'R R
Qs orn MM frogy shed
Enogy dissipaled Ponetle
Eby inelochor :— Maximum Enowy loved. > iry
Energy dicstpated or tyth = Te . Egi'xe
> In'xe
2
e
: Q sor x ex lite xt
- aL
Fe xp R
a
2h we xy
es ee! So
Fv tapettor t= Mont Enagy. shoved = fe veal
Se K
= Xe
= We =
Q* & RJ
ER
” bok bas fs
~ am olutde! ¥ Fy
“te a arte bz ify =
4 “
h- ae
9 tes ws tye 2
: « ae . re xt
eho “vie R
ral gy th Kae Ye
eT
R = ple
UT
RI L
” =| -aagm]Frablem@ ;- Cov the tincuit show detinmine the Smpedance of res
snk frequenty of [0 Hy abe. “th, esoront regain
° _NM 9m —|
sh hy ~ MYTe aS Ge
a = 1S9.2Hy Si” OS tse
. . *
2T | 0) MoxIo a
Ny
F, = 159.2-t0 = 1uqr2 Ha
en ;
REC Key? We
ak 2 WL a
| mar AL 27 c
| = 28X49, 2x00) = rive
18-407 e, = besgae
!
=1s4e2-10
Fy =lsqent . Tepe
¥
= 16924:
1692 Ha 2+ Jisusaey”
2 loot 6692 = 6339
‘ Ze i Moo ed
ROLY aoe —
* 2
“a seat Cy FAY Ob3
F2mfL = lobe si
Zee -- e
© A Sofes cxt comstaly of Ruigtante ;Induckanee and Copack lance 4
Supplied at 220V; SoH ab acsonancte + voltoge across +e Copacitor
Ssov ta durmnb ab mesonance ty 1A» Delemmine the chouik Poonel,
R Lee
Sol: PysSollg , Vere \ =Srov
ee
Rew
. x
= 220 amon mye Me
' y omfL 2650
Yer Iex =) Ke = SE =S00 L = Sso_
ark
tnt = 550 Leash
Cz SAME
© A serfes yb 6 Car wate teishonee oh wor lees
cole Sov wills vortable brequenty > Caleta!
MF 4 applied vi
ep weed fhage atwss R)L&C , Upper cu “Ub
Fy, Garment ak miesonante ; Vo
Frqpeny , F, Biw y Quality fachoy:
Sol + Vesov I TeV 25° 206A
R Loo
I ~
f, = OM = BORE Hy
Biw nik
27
Voltage atnoss Ruistov Vp = TeR = o-SxI00 2
=3Bl3
MPs Tike
= oox le ‘2 CHiFov
21 Fic.Vicky Z = oSxonbl 256 90V
Q=4fe7. tL foe zis
z= = 100 |poxiss
loo
UxTTxorS”
f = ~ Ro 2 3BOSR
vehy UT is
= 67 Ha
ah +k
raed Une = St Soa He
Phaje. le Aa ee F
[feveande fs os]
for BeBy 5 xox)
slags Ve Fic phaye ange decneayes
wd fp oye, frequency appreathy
Resonant Valve at Beno.
hy Ak tyetto,Phaica
ety
70
" “pate vole \N9 fev boty 04 xX)
b Te = 1 Sing
i ee homekickh toy
says c %
\ Hy : “
rev
Se
J Sing = LL
SeXe co y
f yrs be ie
L Mc —
a <. v
7” fen oe
cohere
RG + 2,2 Synamte
RMex Mek Lrmpedany
vo ==
_—
J * e7&
<) usfe_
_ fe AY a7 RY
A\® wo
in “ = ~ RY
we
a rm ee
An L /
x Rizo,
Xho
a _
‘ ““Ognamre Impedance +
Je Reso e| fe
ence * Consider o foralle) Connabt oi ok ideal
Slemnenty R,L&e oy Ahown to bigune ae oo
Rarallel Resonance Cord aoki ' t
D =
Mesonante. Ly acendibion im Rolle! exk (a)
tn whieh aaa ehhed oh tndueltve and capaci le
geaclante (‘sus ceptance(] Commplerlely pneobel
Each ‘ote, Hs Tenpedance Yy ‘intneaies Fo Maxenum _ (2=e@)
= =and the Gorment balls to xfatmom value (r= %Q] wilkunily ht
Th ce vony Sopnly brepeney ak Goicuan, breeniy, Neb
susceplanee of The thot equals to dno TH breguenty ab whi ch
condibien occurs g known of Resonant breguenty:
t
+o
pts f
“Xe
Ne tL4tiyt s ty
= Zz 2 Ro Sy
- it!
=o ae —
a tile i
whow Ge Conductance
y =f} C8e~8.'5
Bes Copadive sus cephanes
Ak sesenone Q.= By te Gc- B20 au comet
ud J \ By = tndochive SoNOP
Wh ap kde 2) Xz
Xe Xe XL 2g 2 BTPL
W) 24
Les
Ce
Th voltage and coment with Greqpency ha; been shown Yo gue. ak
Tre sonanes, brequenty «the Gonent beomnes mintsom,
Nt
\ Pocoee fockor S nity |
20 nek Qeope clone, ak gtesonanee eb the
Pale
Newt.
forallel cat cox mom.
3 The value of Cummrent of me Sonance Y Mintedance, nd tury
Yantation oh! Co pacilive ond indochoe _Suseephante fined —
cathy breaquney,
drawn with Sespeb |
© pro 2, T Be Br om
Tre probe of ates fp [Link] an the
brequenay 3 in bine Hall Pow brequeney fe
Ympedanee Gunve-
YeGusa = Gti Cb 6)
ae a
45 (meek Je 1 + ember)
| AR eo
Yeoie z=0 and 1 will tnerote,
fac 7 Ys@ie 2260 and x will Beep deruod
| Pehy > Yeq he theRG x Sy Mintenven.
Reson Cones?
Gannent & Tmpedanee 4
pk nesemant brequeney
Gament 4 mintmnom ond Senpedance &
Maximum:
Tnduchive Susceptance 5
et s4L sl.
| 8, Xe WL QTE
: g oe and tt & Ve | trovoy
at W Quodyan +
,
eB& capacitive seagtance
Qe & Bue ome
Bex and it g brofht line fossing “Homugh origin
0 hance *
pet suscepranes B=&<8, and 4 shape 4 Hyperbol-
contchone: st § ‘ndkpendent ok brequenty + Henee Ais 4y constant:
[Link] b CAckive Component of tevseot )
Nol L-O Reorallel resonant exk’ 8 known ay neulor areal:
@ Belevs. nesonant Frequenay CF ech indvelive Suspectance
domi nakey Capeuitive Sospedance + So Poh yi legging’ + tohewe ay Above Teso
pant breq “(ho> fr), Copaullive Susputante domtnalg Toduckive Suscep
Tone Soy Pe’ dy leading:
fooallel Resonance. between RC And RL CKE!—
eS Ser ont e ICE Ona TE LEE
Foy “the above Wack
Nz Gris
te qt
oe Vee
1 tT
co,
Rete Rew SX
~ gt Ret ike,
= Rh +
RE KY
RY +X’ x
YB fe
Ree XY Rt xv ROX Rex
SS Lo
Gq B
Y=Gaie
aL
at Nesmont. B=2o Le Xe ~~, =0
‘ REE KY Rex
Xe oe = REM ee LRM”
Re + aN Rt xy
oe = [a+ as] = w(K]
v
a tu = ote [Re 4
eM “LOY >We Re“
OT tee Jab AY
c
ie
» ose 4e,Y
Le Ce-R)
a te [GE %)
‘ tefewe “ey mR =Band with (BW) of fnallel Resonant cneuit t-
BSS OSes
@ v4
So, Band width given by
» Bu = f,-P,
Yn
whe fy ~low wk off Feu
Fy = hig hd Kw *
7 Ron, Pa YE Wn G|—O
= R=Ce Ye G seep:
Reosp
Noe + Poeses cle Tyoredl bythe meitakance ab Ra Frond Fa %4 Equal to
oS Himes + ford at stetonante brequeny
Fou at hal fower brequenty ak f, & A= OfNn Gy,
(vet cy) y= one Vas G
Le
Ce eet Ce
! alc |
( or Be a “ "aren" 26,"
; (B- > 26.0)
Ca- 8) GY Gr keth
AL fe, (Be-aJ= a”
“1 Ber Get O BB. = 4G
wo-L = ¥e—O
f, | Clee, eile ot Frquiney’), B- 8, >- &
} (oy ‘a!
B-&=G —Oir aEqualing oO =©)
et -
W)C art Aue wy
nL pl FO,
tet) tT
gees a —®
We Know Ms Il
rere
Compare wot fe Eqyabisn e
OW, 2 wv = . _
phy: 2 wy
2 v by 3 ty
Ackling OrO 4
ow
~w Fe
is 1c Hla, ©
t AS Se
’
aot
a ate
Cfy-e]4+008, -1
. L t tare 7
- by] tb (ee-w
C [er-r] tS ea
C [2 -u)] teu” aya -
[ao
fs [ee] * % => &,-w, eh,
¢
2m
So, we Know ~thak , the Re
Q: fe =gull fac a retor Poy Fanellel Wel Resonant Gneuit i>
- Q: =f Energy 6 atored in inductor
Energy dissipated Pencyele.
for Inductor +
woe
Ee] twhene Po
Rx T-\%
e
sor} 'C3) x
“oo Rb > [ore ant]
only “haa
= ax [C8 )
22 fice = EIR
QProblem Os Find the valve oh ‘U ot cohtch Hh: exh mestatane at 0. brea,
Of 1000 sad/sechrrfl CK chown
Suly 2 tat | 1
paw Y2 z, + 2 ao Zlon .
esol. a. 2 Pe i \ ah
~ SAK Toe gin. is [”
Y= SA othe —
7 tae
wb tuy
Cs My lo vfs Me
Ne boy a] ha ISR KY
AL Resmance 12 Xt co = t x,
day sayy > Say ty
FAY osx,
© Ua xag $0, 0004X,%a >,
or 90yax, x) 41
x,
L = Ibo!
x
2d sO
th3.
4% zy tlh
XL 001L ==> 1 = 0.0190 (01) 13) mH
= Iqro1mH
. Ne
® Tioo “on pedance Ty 2204510 | Zs slo-J30 om conmeted tn il! and st
v Nw sd
Combinabion iy Conneited tn senfes witk 2328045 X Pinel Ra valve of %’cohie
will produce sesonante.
Sol *
~ 20410 +10-j 25
222, t(2llt,) = Gord) ¥ Sieve]
=Gorin) + $00-Ss00
se-S20(Seri) + (Seon Jive) (wetia0)
304 20%
s3otix 4 [se (si) Qed) Lethe]
]
B04 20%
= 304)
x +S [sto] = = [+ Ss) ei fe §
At mesmante x — ®
d
fxv]
TOD X= Ss BEN
@ Forts cxF shown _ bind aesonank | brequency , elyrami c sieitlar
and B.w
imu
2 lOHE
_ AT XISS4. 34x?
<
>U59
Bus = 189+ _ aig. sastiy
W854
® For the Ponallel neler shown below 1 de bar mine the value oly Rat
Jo Resonance -
sil, 22(lorsoy||R-i2)
> (toss) cee) a
Ros z= .
a{hordio) (peta), Cor), jon Spe
(Reto OY fe
[Rtn]
AR