SYNTHESIS OF INSECTICIDE (CARBARYL) PRESENTED BY GROUP 19

NWEKE COLLINS C: EKOP INEMESIT E.: OMOLADE FUNMI: ANAEDU OBIOMA:

119041013 119041025 010401090 119041041

IN PARTIAL FULFILMENT OF PROCESS TECHNOLOGY: CHG 853

FOR THE AWARD OF MASTERS IN PROCESS ENGINEERING CHEMICAL ENGINEERING DEPARTMENT, UNIVERSITY OF LAGOS.
JANUARY 2012.

INTRODUCTION
Definition: Insecticide is any agent that destroys insects by chemical action. It is classified according to method of application and mode of action. Stomach Poison applied to the surface of plants, material, kills insect when ingested. Contact Insecticides is sprayed, kills insect by body contact. Fumigants are insecticidal gases, kills insects by attacking their respiratory system. CARBARYL Carbaryl is classified as both stomach and contact insecticide. Carbaryl, C12H11NO2 belongs to carbamate group derived from carbamic acid. It is a wide spectrum insecticide that controls many species of farm, ornamental, livestock, pets and household insects. In mammalians, it has low oral and dermal toxicity It is the most widely used insecticide which decomposes few weeks after application.

PHYSICAL AND CHEMICAL PROPERTIES The molecular formular of carbaryl is C12H11NO2 Molecular weight is 201.24g/gmol Colourless to white to grey Odourless crystals Density of 1.2g/cm3 Melting Point of 142oC Vapour Pressure of < 0.7 Pa at 25oC Low solubility in water but highly soluble in organic solvents It is stable to heat, light and acids under storage condition. Non corrosive to metals, packaging material and application equipment.

PRODUCTION METHODS
Carbaryl can be produced or synthesized from a principal compound known as naphtol-1 (C10H7OH), which reacts with some chemical compounds (reagents) that are mostly toxic in nature.

The different routes of carbaryl synthesis are shown below:

Naphthol-1(C10H8O) and phosgene(COCL2) which yields chloroformate (C11H7O2CL) which further treated with (CH3NH2) to carbaryl (C12O11O2N) Naphthol-1 and methyl isocyanate (C2H3NO) Naphthol-1 and methylcarbomyl chloride(C2H3NCLOH) Naphtol-1 and dimethylurea(C3H8 N2O)

CHOICE OF ROUTE IN JUSTIFICATION

Naphtol-1 with dimethylurea is the least toxic and is cost effective

O O C C
OH

CH3

H3 C N H N H

CH3
O

N H

Heat

+ CH3NH2

PROCESS FLOW DIAGRAM

Equipment ID No 1. Water Treatment Tank 2. Centrifugal Pump 3. Reactor 1 4. Reactor 2
1

Stream ID No. Water

2 Methyl

Isocyanate
3

1 3
1 4

Carbon Dioxide
4

4
7

Dimethyl Urea
5

Naphtol 1
6 7

Methylamine Carboaryl

USES/ IMPORTANCE
Carbaryl has found greatest use as a turf and commercial

crop (cotton, cereals, nuts, pears, citrus etc) insecticide. It is highly effective against all household insects, especially resistant cockroaches In suburban yard, it is used to raise and maintain ornamental and shade trees. Used as molluscide and acaricide. It is the active ingredient in carylderm shampoo for treatment of hair lice.

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