REENICA (THE SENTENCE)

DEFINICIJA I PODELA
Reenica je misao izraena reima. Podela: Proste (simple sentences) Sloene (compound sentences)

PROSTE REENICE
Sadre samo jedan glagol u linom glagolskom obliku. Dele se na: 1. izjavne (statements): He speaks English. She didnt want to go. 2. zapovedne (commands): Speak louder! Come in!

3. upitne (questions): Are you coming with us? Did she pass the driving test? 4. uskline (exclamations): What a lovely day! How awful!

Jedna prosta reenica obino se moe podeliti na: Subjekat Predikat (glagol) Mary sings Subjekat (the subject) je ivo bie, stvar ili pojam o kome se u reenici govori. Subjekat moe da bude imenica ili bilo koja druga vrsta rei koja se upotrebi kao imenica. Subjekat moe da bude i grupa rei, ak i cela reenica.

a) imenica kao subjekat: The snow is falling. The price of oil has increased again. b) zamenica kao subjekat: She had already left the building. It is raining. c) pridev ili particip kao subjekat: Blue suits you. Young and old are ready to fight.

d) Infinitiv kao subjekat: To see is to believe. To live in the country is my ideal. e) Gerund kao subjekat: Seeing is believing. The crying stopped. f) Bilo koja vrsta rei: And is a linking word. Yesterday was not a good day for me.

g) Grupa rei kao subjekat: To work day and night is very hard. h) Cela reenica kao subjekat: What he says is not true. i) Zamenica it kao subjekat: It takes three hours to get to the airport.

STRUKTURA PROSTE REENICE

Osim strukture S + V, prosta reenica moe imati jo 4 vrste struktura: SUBJECT VERB OBJECT I need a rest. Five people are moving the piano. Subjekat i objekat mogu biti zamenice (e.g. I) ili imenike fraze (e.g. the piano).

SUBJECT VERB COMPLEMENT This piano is heavy. It was a big problem. Komplement je deo reenice moe biti pridev (e.g. heavy) ili imenika fraza (e.g. a big problem). Komplement dolazi posle glagola be, Kao i posle appear, become, get, feel, look, seem, stay, sound. Svi ovi glagoli trae dopunu komplement.

SUBJECT VERB ADVERBIAL It is on my foot. Their house is nearby. Adverbijal moe da bude predloka fraza (e.g. on my foot) ili prilog (e.g. nearby). SUBJECT VERB OBJECT OBJECT It s giving me headache. David bought Melanie a present. Posle glagola give ili send koristimo direktni i indirektni objekat.

DIREKTNI I INDIREKTNI OBJEKAT

Henry gave Claire some flowers. Glagol give ima dva objekta: Claire je indirektni objekat, osoba koja neto dobija. Some flowers je direktni objekat, neto to se daje. Henry gave some flowers to Claire. Give ovde ima direktni objekat (OD) (some flowers) i fraza sa to, koja dolazi ispred Claire (OI).

INDIRECT OBJECT

DIRECT OBJECT

Emma gave Rachel a CD. I'll send my cousin a postcard. We bought all the children an ice-cream.

DIRECT

OBJECT PHRASE WITH TO/FOR

Emma gave the CD to Rachel. I'll send a postcard to my cousin. We bought ice-creams for all the children.

To or for? We give something to someone, and we buy something for someone. To koristimo sa sledeim glagolima: bring, feed, give, hand, lend, offer, owe, pass, pay, post, promise, read, sell, send, show, take, teach, tell, throw, write Vicky paid the money to the cashier, ILI Vicky paid the cashier the money. We showed the photos to David, ILI We showed David the photos.

For koristimo sa sledeim glagolima: book, bring, build, buy, choose, cook, fetch, find, get, leave, make, order, pick, reserve, save They found a spare ticket for me. ILI They found me a spare ticket. I've saved a seat for you. ILI I've saved you a seat. Melanie is making a cake for David, ILI Melanie is making David a cake.