Research Project

Submitted to:
Prof C.G. D’lima
 The Researchers
12 24 44 04

Ankita Kamble Gaurav. K aikh

a Wagh Afrin Sh
Bh avn

32 40 07
25

Bhavya Shetty Amrita. K

sh.M a n. V
Dhru ve Falakjah
Can flexible working shift in
India work?
Introduction
 What is Flexi-time
Flexi-time is a scheme
where an organization
gives its employees the opportunity
of a flexible working hours arrangement.

Core period

Credit or debit margin

 Benefits of Flexi-Time
•Retention of skilled employees who may
To
otherwise leave the organization.
The
•Reduced training and recruitment costs
O
due to lower employment turnover.
R
 
G •Increased employee job satisfaction,
A
commitment and resultant productivity.
N
 
I •Improved employee morale and reduced
S
stress.
A
 
T •More efficient work practices.
I
O
N
 Benefits of Flexi-Time
•Opportunity to combine family
and personal responsibilities
To with career goals and personal
The
development.
E
M •Increased job satisfaction and
P motivation as a result of a
L better balance of work and
O family commitments.
Y
E •Reduction in stress as a result
E of more satisfactory working
arrangements.
 Companies that use Flexitime

•SunGard Offshore Services in Bangalore

•IT company InterraIT
•Agilent Technologies
•Makemytrip.com
Critical Review of the Data
 CRITICAL REVIEW OF RELATED
LITERATURE
• Dissatisfaction of employees due to the increasingly
competitive market.

• For addressing this issue companies have introduced flexible

working hours for employees.

• Hence they have the comfort of logging in these hours at their

own discretion.

• So our problem definition is “Do flexible work timings increase

the morale and motivation levels of employees?”
Research Methodology
 Introduction
• Paid work and family life have both
been subject to pressures and
changes that are well documented.

• Greater fragmentation of families, intensity

and insecurity of work have increased along
with the rising cost of stress and absence.

• Flexible working arrangements have been seen

as a way of relieving the pressures on family
life and in the workplace without necessarily
reducing an employee's productivity.
 Title of the project

Can Flexible working shift in India work?

 Need and significance of the study
• This research proposal seeks to present
findings on the policy of flexible working
hours being provided to employees so
as to enable them to balance their
personal as well as professional lives
more efficiently.
• This research paper develops hypothesis
on the challenges faced by organizations
to be competitive in business and
addresses some key questions on the
characteristics of flexible working policy.
• Flexible work practices provide
managers and employees with the
opportunity to jointly devise tailored
working arrangements to suit their
mutual needs.
Scope and limitations of the study

Scope
• This research questions the need of flexible
working hours in the modern corporate
world.

• Leading companies across Mumbai in

random.
Means – questionnaire

• The areas posed by the research includes the

reaction of the employees towards the
flexible time concept, the benefits imbibed
out of this system and extend to which this
timing concept is understood and applied
among different companies.
Scope and limitations of the study

Limited Sample
Scope and limitations of the study

Budget Constraints
Research design

Primary and Secondary data

Research design

Questionnaire
 Objective
ObjectiveOf
OfThe
Thestudy
study
To determine whether
implementing flexible work timings
will have an impact on the morale of employees
and motivation levels of employees.
 Types of Variables

Dependent
Dependent
Variables
Independent Variables
Independent
Variable
Variable Motivation Level
of Employees

Flexible Work
Timings
Morale of
Employees
 Sample Size

15 Companies across Mumbai

Tools Used for the Study

• Question
naire
• Likert
Scale
Data Analysis
 Firstly the data i.e. the questionnaires would be checked for
completeness and the wherever data is incomplete attempts
will be made to get it filled up / or get it discarded.

Then the data will be coded using the following formats:-

Wherever the response to the question would indicate Yes /No we will use 1 for
Yes and 2 for No
In case of questions using the Likert scale, we will use the following coding
convention
1 – Strongly Agree
2 – Agree
3 – Neutral
4 – Disagree
5 – Strongly Disagree
Q12b) If no, would you prefer to have flexible working hours? Yes/No

Effect Size 0.05 0.1 0.2 0.3 0.4 0.5

Confidence
Z Value
Level
80 1.28 138 34 9 4 2 1
90 1.64 227 57 14 6 4 2
95 1.96 323 81 20 9 5 3
99 2.58 557 139 35 15 9 6
W o u ld yo u p r e f e r t o h a v e f le x ib le w o r k in g
h o u rs
Questionnaire Pilot
p-bar q-bar Bin Data Bin Frequency
ID Sample
10
1 1 0.70 0.30 Yes 1 1 7 70.00%
8
2 1 No 2 2 3 30.00%
P e rc e n ta g e

3 6 1 More 0
4 4 2
5 1
2
6 2
7 0 2
8 1 Yes No
9 1 R e sponse s
10 1
Q16) Having flexible work timings enable an employee to be more productive

Effect Size 0.05 0.1 0.2 0.3 0.4 0.5

Confidence Level Z Value

80 1.28 153 38 10 4 2 2
90 1.64 253 63 16 7 4 3
95 1.96 359 90 22 10 6 4
99 2.58 619 155 39 17 10 6

Pilot HHa av vi ni ngg f lfel ex xi bi bl el e wwoor rk k t itm in g s e n a b le a n

i m i nBin
g Data
s e n a b lBin
e a n Frequency
Questionnaire ID Variance
Sample e m p lo y e e t o b e m o r e p r o d u c tiv e
e m p lo y e e t o b e m o r e p r o d u c t iv e
1 8 2 0.233 Strongly Agree 1 1 3 30.00%
78 2
P e rc e n ta g e

2 Agree 2 2 7 70.00%
P e r c e n ta g e

67
3 56 1 Neutral 3 3 0 0.00%
5
4
4 34 2 Disagree 4 4 0 0.00%
5 23 1 Strongly Disagree 5 5 0 0.00%
12
S tr o n g l y

D is a g re e

D is a g re e
N e u tr a l

01 2

S tro n g l y
S tr o n g l y

D is a g re e

D is a g re e
6 More 0
N e u tr a l
A g re e

S tr o n g l y
A g re e

0
A g re e
A g re e

7 2
8 1
9 2 R esponses
R esponses
10 2
Q17) Having flexible work timings motivates an employee to give more to his company

Effect Size 0.05 0.1 0.2 0.3 0.4 0.5

Confidence Level Z Value

80 1.28 408 102 25 11 6 4

90 1.64 673 168 42 19 11 7
95 1.96 956 239 60 27 15 10
99 2.58 1651 413 103 46 26 17

H a v in g f le x ib le w o r k t im in g s m o t iv a t e s a n
H a vVariance
Questionnaire ID Pilot Sample i n g f l e x i b l e w o r k t i m i n g sBinmData
o t i v a t e Bin
s an Frequency
e m p lo y e e t o g iv e m o r e t o h is c o m p a n y
e m p lo y e e t o g iv e m o r e t o h is c o m p a n y
Strongly
1 10 3 0.622 Agree 1 1 2 20.00%
19 0
2 89 3 Agree 2 2 4 40.00%
P e rc e n ta g e

78 1
P e rc e n ta g e

3 Neutral 3 3 4 40.00%
67
4 56 3 Disagree 4 4 0 0.00%
45
34 Strongly
5 23 2 Disagree 5 5 0 0.00%
12
6 01 2 More 0
0
7 3 S t r o n g ly A g re e N e u tra l D is a g r e e S t r o n g ly
S t r o n g ly A g re e N e u tr a l D is a g r e e S t r o n g ly
8 1 A g re e D is a g r e e
A g re e D is a g r e e
9 2 R e sponse s
R e sponse s
10 2
Q18) Having flexible work timings increases the morale of employees

Effect Size 0.05 0.1 0.2 0.3 0.4 0.5

Confidence Level Z Value

80 1.28 444 111 28 12 7 4

90 1.64 733 183 46 20 11 7
95 1.96 1042 260 65 29 16 10
99 2.58 1799 450 112 50 28 18
H a v in g f le x ib le w o r k t im in g s in c r e a s e s t h e
H a v in g f le x ib le w o r k t im in g s in c r e a s e s t h e
Pilot m o r a le o f e m p lo ye e s
Questionnaire ID Variance m o r a l e o f e m p l oBin
y e Data
es Bin Frequency
Sample
10
10 Strongly
1 2 8 0.678 Agree 1 1 2 20.00%
8
P e r c e n ta g e

2 3 Agree 2 2 3 30.00%
P e r c e n ta g e

6
3 2 6 Neutral 3 3 5 50.00%
4
4 3 4 Disagree 4 4 0 0.00%
2
2 Strongly
5 1 0 Disagree 5 5 0 0.00%

D is a g r e e
D is a g r e e
N e u tr a l
S tr o n g ly

S tr o n g ly
A g re e

D is a g r e e

D is a g r e e
N e u tr a l
S tr o n g ly
A g re e

S tr o n g ly
A gree

6 3 More 0
A g re e

7 3
8 2
9 1 R e sponse s
R e sponse s
10 3
Q19) Having flexible work timings is helpful in retention of employees

Effect Size 0.05 0.1 0.2 0.3 0.4 0.5

Confidence Level Z Value

80 1.28 1318 330 82 37 21 13

90 1.64 2176 544 136 60 34 22
95 1.96 3090 773 193 86 48 31
99 2.58 5337 1334 334 148 83 53

Pilot
Questionnaire ID Variance Bin Data Bin
H a v in g f le x ib le w o r k t im in g s is h e lp fu l in
Frequency
Sample H a v in g f le x ib le w o r k t im in g s is h e lp f u l in
r e t e n t io n o f e m p lo ye e s
r e te n t io n o f e m p lo ye e s
Strongly
1 2 10 2.011 Agree 1 1 1 11.11%
10
2 2 8 Agree 2 2 5 55.56%
P e rc e n ta g e
P e rc e n ta g e

8
3 3 Neutral 3 3 2 22.22%
6
4 2 6 Disagree 4 4 1 11.11%
4
4
2
Strongly
5 2 2 Disagree 5 5 0 0.00%
S tr o n g l y

D is a g re e

D is a g re e
N e u tr a l

S tr o n g l y
0
S tr o n g l y

D is a g re e
D is a g re e
A g re e

N e u tr a l

S tr o n g l y
6 3 0 More 1
A g re e

A g re e
A g re e

7 2
8 1
9 6 R esponses
R esponses
10 4
 g s
n d in
r Fi
a j o
M
Many employees would want the option It is expected that females would be
of flexible work timings more likely than men to request for
flexible work timings.
 Most of the employees would agree that
an employee would be greatly
motivated if given the chance to work in
flexible timings.

Meeting childcare needs would be

expected to be the most common reason
given by employees for requesting to
work flexibly, particularly women.
When asked most of the employees
would agree that an employee tends to
be more productive to the organization if
he / she are working in flexible timings.

It is expected that most of the employees

would agree that an employee tends to be
more committed to the organization if he /
she is working in flexible timings.
Many of the employees would agree that Much of the employees would agree
an employee’s morale is higher when he / that flexible timings help to a great
she are working in flexible timings. extent in retention of employees.
Suggestion
s
 •Making the case for change in a way that engages everyone

•Designing Suitable Flexible Work Options

• Support Managers to Execute Flexible Work Options

•Provides managers with the opportunity to voice their concerns around

working differently and address their concerns

•Supports and trains them as they begin to focus on managing people by

output and results, and on getting the best out of individuals and teams
who are adopting more diverse working schedules.

•Provide challenging careers with promotion

opportunities for those wishing to work flexibly