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PFMEA
PFMEA
HISTORY:
(PFMEA)
Proc. /
Func.
Reqmt.
Product
Char.
Potential
failure
mode
Potential
effects of
failure
S
e
v
Class
Potential
causes /
mechanism of
failure
O
c
c
Current
proc.
Control
(Prev)
Current
proc.
Control
(Det)
D
e
t
R
P
N
5 6
Reco.
actions
Action Results
Action
taken
S
e
v
O
c
c
D
e
t
R
P
N
7 7 7 7
Identify processes and product characteristics at the stage of making process flow diagram.
All manufacturing processes must be covered. A process may consists of multiple activities
within the process (e.g., locating, clamping, removal of job, placing of job in out-tray after
operation, visual inspection by same operator who is running the operation etc.).
Sampling inspections (set up verification, periodic verification etc.) shall not not be written as a
separate process since these are control methods.
100% inspection or testing, if done at a separate station or by a different operator and the
inspection / testing is of complex nature, then it shall be written as a separate process. Simple
100% inspections done by the machine operator shall not be written as a separate process.
Product characteristics shall be outcome of the particular process and shall include BP (Blue
print or final dimensions for the customer), IP (in-process dimensions, which will get processed
further), ES (Engineering specification physical, metallurgical, chemical, mechanical,
functional characteristics) and VP (Visual parameters).
Process
name
Flow
diagram
Product
characteristics
Process
characteristics
Remarks
Write the failure mode as not meeting the specific desired outcome.
The failure mode can be existing or potential.
If the desired outcome is a dimensional parameter, identify oversize and
undersize as separate failure modes.
3. Effect analysis:
This is done to identify the potential effects that a failure mode will create on
further downstream processes / customer processes / application.
Write the specific effects in following categories (do not write rejection as effect):
1.
2.
3.
Severity table:
Sev.
No.
Effect on next
processes / Assy.
10
100% scrap
100% rework
No effect
No effect
No effect
There can be more than one cause for a particular failure mode. Also there may be
some common cause for different failure modes.
Occurrence number:
For potential failures (failures which have not occurred even a single time in
process), occurrence number may be estimated based on perception using table
B as guideline.
If we do not know which are the causes creating problem, put same occurrence
number for all the causes.
Occurrence number
10
Table B
Rejection data for potential failure modes
Occurrence number
10, 9
8, 7
6, 5, 4
3, 2
Type- B control means, the cause is detected before defective parts are produced
and action is taken to remove the cause. Examples are periodic monitoring of
molten metal temperature in PDC, machine stopping automatically when coolant
flow is not adequate, assembly line stopping when the air pressure drops to
prevent low torque in bolting.
A type control is called detective control and B & C type controls are called
preventive controls (refer FMEA table).
Detection number:
Type of control
Detection number
No control
10
For all detective controls, sample size and frequency of check to be written in the
FMEA column.
By taking actions, the detection number and occurrence number will be reduced
and so RPN will also reduce. The severity number remains unchanged.
After implementation of actions, the date of implementation and description of
action to be written is FMEA column.
Sev, Occ and Det numbers to be reassessed and RPN to be recalculated after
implementation of actions.
Control plan to be update based on changes in control methods in FMEA.
Thank You