Study and Use of conventional Surveying

Instruments and EDM Devices

By
Engr.Sidra Shahid

Transit Theodolite

The Transit Theodolite

Trivet
Foot Screw
Tribrach
Levelling head

The Transit Theodolite

Lower Plate
Upper plate
Plate Bubble

The Transit Theodolite

Telescope
Vertical

Circle
Index bar or T frame
Altitude Bubble
Compass

Centering
The

setting of theodolite exactly over

a station mark by means of plumb bob
The plumb bob is suspended from
hook fixed below the vertical axis

Face left
The vertical circle of the
theodolite is on the left of the
observer at the time of taking
readings

Face Right
The vertical circle of the
theodolite is on the right of
the observer when the
readings is taken

Telescope Normal
The face left position is known as
telescope normal or telescope
direct.
It is also referred as Bubble up.

Telescope Inverted
The face right position is known as
telescope inverted or telescope
reversed.
It is also referred as Bubble down.

Changing face
The operation of bring the
vertical circle from one side
of the observer to the other.

Swinging the
telescope
This indicates turning of the telescope in a
horizontal plane .it is called right swing
when the telescope is turned clockwise and
left swing when the telescope is turned
anticlockwise.

Line of Collimation
It is an imaginary line passing
through the intersection of the cross
hairs at the diaphragm and the optical
centre of the object glass and its
continuation

Axis of the telescope

This axis is an imaginary line
passing through optical centre of
the object glass and the optical
centre of the eye piece

Axis of the bubble

tube
This

axis is an imaginary line

tangential to the longitudinal
curve of the bubble tube at its
middle point.

Vertical axis
This axis of rotation of
the telescope in the
horizontal plane

Horizontal axis
This axis of rotation of the
telescope in vertical plan. It is
also known as the turnnion
axis.

Temporary
adjustment
The setting of the theodolite over a
station at a time of taking any
observation.
It is necessary for every set up of the
instrument.

Any
Question ???

Thank you