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L01 - Hyrje Ne Mikroekonomi
L01 - Hyrje Ne Mikroekonomi
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L1
Hyrje: ka sht Ekonomiksi?
Prepared
Prof.as. by:
Avdullah Hoti
Fernando Quijano and Yvonn Quijano
2003 Prentice Hall Business Publishing Economics: Principles and Tools, 3/e OSullivan/Sheffrin
ka sht Ekonomiksi ?
2003 Prentice Hall Business Publishing Economics: Principles and Tools, 3/e 3
Faktort e prodhimit
2003 Prentice Hall Business Publishing Economics: Principles and Tools, 3/e 4
Faktort e prodhimit
2003 Prentice Hall Business Publishing Economics: Principles and Tools, 3/e 5
Faktort e prodhimit
2003 Prentice Hall Business Publishing Economics: Principles and Tools, 3/e 6
Faktort e prodhimit
2003 Prentice Hall Business Publishing Economics: Principles and Tools, 3/e 7
Faktort e prodhimit
2003 Prentice Hall Business Publishing Economics: Principles and Tools, 3/e 8
Lakorja e kufirit t mundsive t
prodhimit (KMP)
2003 Prentice Hall Business Publishing Economics: Principles and Tools, 3/e 9
Lakorja e kufirit t mundsive t
prodhimit (KMP)
2003 Prentice Hall Business Publishing Economics: Principles and Tools, 3/e 10
Lakorja e kufirit t mundsive t
prodhimit (KMP)
Pika g sht e
dshirueshm sepse
sjell m shum nga t
dy t mirat, mirpo e
paarritshme duke
marr parasysh sasin
e burimeve q kemi n
dispozicion.
2003 Prentice Hall Business Publishing Economics: Principles and Tools, 3/e 11
Lakorja e kufirit t mundsive t
prodhimit (KMP)
2003 Prentice Hall Business Publishing Economics: Principles and Tools, 3/e 12
Rrallsia dhe lakorja e mundsive t
prodhimit
Pr t rritur sasin e
mallrave ushqimore
pr 10 ton, ne duhet
t sakrifikojm 100
ton t mallrave pr
veshmbathje.
2003 Prentice Hall Business Publishing Economics: Principles and Tools, 3/e 13
Lakorja e kufirit t mundsive t
prodhimit (KMP)
2003 Prentice Hall Business Publishing Economics: Principles and Tools, 3/e 14
Zhvendosja e lakores s kufirit t
mundsive t prodhimit
Pr t rritur
prodhimin e nj malli
pa zvoglimin e
prodhimit t mallit
tjetr, lakorja KMP
duhet t zhvendoset
djathtas.
2003 Prentice Hall Business Publishing Economics: Principles and Tools, 3/e 15
Zhvendosja e lakores s kufirit t
mundsive t prodhimit
Lakorja KMP
zhvendoset djathtas si
rezultat i:
1. Rritjes s burimeve t
ekonomis,
2. Risive teknologjike q
rrisin rezultatet e
arritura nga burimet n
dispozicion.
2003 Prentice Hall Business Publishing Economics: Principles and Tools, 3/e 16
Zhvendosja e lakores s kufirit t
mundsive t prodhimit
Nga pika d, nj
shtes e 200 ton t
mallrave pr
veshmbathje ose 20
ton t mallrave
bujqsore jan tani
t mundshme (ose
ndonj kombinim
mes tyre).
2003 Prentice Hall Business Publishing Economics: Principles and Tools, 3/e 17
Tregu dhe Dora e Padukshme
Ekonomistt prdorin
supozimet thjehtzuese pr t
eleminuar detalet irrelevante
dhe pr tu fokusuar n at q
me t vrtet ka rndsi.
Supozimet jan nj ndihm pr
procesin analitik.
2003 Prentice Hall Business Publishing Economics: Principles and Tools, 3/e 20
Mnyra ekonomike e t menduarit
2003 Prentice Hall Business Publishing Economics: Principles and Tools, 3/e 21
Mnyra ekonomike e t menduarit
2003 Prentice Hall Business Publishing Economics: Principles and Tools, 3/e 22
Hulumton mardhnien mes dy
variablave
2003 Prentice Hall Business Publishing Economics: Principles and Tools, 3/e 23
Mikroekonomia
2003 Prentice Hall Business Publishing Economics: Principles and Tools, 3/e 24
Mikroekonomia
2003 Prentice Hall Business Publishing Economics: Principles and Tools, 3/e 25
Makroekonomia
2003 Prentice Hall Business Publishing Economics: Principles and Tools, 3/e 26
Shtojca: Prdorimi i grafikve dhe
formulave
Grafiku sht nj paraqitje vizuele e
marrdhnies n mes t dy variablave.
Marrdhnia pozitive ekziston kur variablat
ndryshojn n drejtim t njjt. Nj rritje
(rnie) n vlern e njrs variabl rrit
(zvoglon) vlern e variabls tjetr.
Marrdhnia negative ekziston kur kur
variablat ndryshojn n drejtim t kundrt.
Nj rritje (rnie) n vlern e njrs variabl
zvoglon (rrit) vlern e variabls tjetr.
2003 Prentice Hall Business Publishing Economics: Principles and Tools, 3/e 27
Shtojca: Marrdhnia mes orve t
puns dhe t hyrave
Supozojm q nj student merr t hyra javore
n vler prej 20 euro nga prindrit e tij dhe 4
euro n or nga puna e tij.
Raporti mes orve t puns dhe t hyrave
javore t studentit mund t prshkruhen
prmes formuls:
w = 20 + (4 x ort e puns)
2003 Prentice Hall Business Publishing Economics: Principles and Tools, 3/e 28
Shtojca: Raporti n mes t orve t
puns dhe t hyrave
Shprehja w = 20 + (4 x ort e puns) mund
t ilustrohet si vijim:
Ort e
puns n T hyrat n
jav jav
0 E 20
10 60
22 108
30 140
2003 Prentice Hall Business Publishing Economics: Principles and Tools, 3/e 29
Shotjca: Raporti n mes t orve t
puns dhe t hyrave
Llogaritja e pjerrsis:
w = 20 + (4 x ort e puns)
Pjerrsia= diferenca vertikale mes
pikave/diferenca horizontale mes
pikave
Pjerrsisa= diferenca
vertikale/diferenca horizontale
=48/12=4
2003 Prentice Hall Business Publishing Economics: Principles and Tools, 3/e 30
Shotjca: Lvizja prgjat Lakores
versus zhvendosja e lakores
Ndryshimi n njrn
w = 20 + (4 x ort e puns) prej variablave i
paraqitur n grafik
shkakton lvizjen
prgjat lakores.
Ndryshimi n ort e
puns shkakton
lvizjen nga pika b
n pik c prgjat
lakores.
2003 Prentice Hall Business Publishing Economics: Principles and Tools, 3/e 31
Shotjca: Lvizja prgjat Lakores
versus zhvendosja e lakores
Ndryshimi n njrn
w = 20 + (4 x ort e puns) prej variablave q
nuk sht e paraqitur
n grafik (e supozuar
si fikse) zhvendosn
tr lakoren.
Rritja n t ardhura
shkakton
zhvendosjen e tr
lakores lart.
2003 Prentice Hall Business Publishing Economics: Principles and Tools, 3/e 32
Shtojca: Raporti negativ
Ekziston nj raport
pozitiv jolinear n mes
t kohs s msimit
dhe nots s provimit.
Lakorja paraqet nj
kthim zvoglues t
kohs s msimit. Me
rritjen e kohs s
msimit nota e provimit
rritet me nj shkall
zvogluese.
2003 Prentice Hall Business Publishing Economics: Principles and Tools, 3/e 34
Shotjca: Raporti jolinear
Ekziston nj raport
jolinear pozitiv mes
sasis s drithrave t
prodhuara dhe
shpenzimeve t
prgjithshme t
prodhimit.
Me rritjen e sasis,
shpnzimet e
prgjithshme rriten me
nj shkall rritse.
2003 Prentice Hall Business Publishing Economics: Principles and Tools, 3/e 35
Shtojca: prdorimi i formulave pr
llogaritjen e vlerave
Llogaritja e ndryshimeve n prqindje:
Ndryshimi n prqindje= ndryshimi absolut/vlera fillestare
2003 Prentice Hall Business Publishing Economics: Principles and Tools, 3/e 36
Pyetjet pr diskutim n faqen 22-23
2003 Prentice Hall Business Publishing Economics: Principles and Tools, 3/e 37