BASIC COMPONENTS OF AN

ARGUMENT

Prepared By:
MENROE DANIEL R. DOLORPO
LORVIN CORBE
Discourse intended to
persuade a reason
given in proof and
rebuttal.
 INTRODUCTION
SUBSTANTIATION
REFUTATION AND PROOF

STATE YOUR
CASE
CONCLUSION
PROPOSTION
 STATE YOUR REFUTATION
CASE PROPOSITION
Clarify your issue State your central proposition. Analyze the opposition’s
INTRODUCTION here. Give any argument and summarize
Be sure that your hook
Give the context necessary it; refute
presents an issue that is open to
and background of background for or address the points;
understanding the
debate. Present the subtopics or
your issue. point out faulty reasoning
issues. Define supportive points to forecast
Establish the style, and inappropriate
important terms or your argument for your reader.
tone, and appeals.
condition here.
significance of your
issue. 2
3 4
1
 SUBSTANTIATION AND
PROOF
Present and develop your own case. CONCLUSION
Carefully plan your disclosure; avoid logical fallacies. Conclude with conviction.
Rely primarily
on reasoning for your appeal and use emotional Review your main points and
appeals carefully; use state your claims strongly.
examples, facts, experts, and statistics. Develop your Make a strong plea for action,
argument using
the appropriate prose strategy, e.g., causal analysis,
or invite your
comparison, readers to refute your
analogies, or definitions. argument.
5 6
 03
PROPOSITION
04 06
01 REFUTATION CONCLUSION
INTRODUCTION

02
STATE YOUR CASE 05
SUBSTANTIATION AND
PROOF
 Is especially Derived from Latin phrase
meaning “in readiness” is
applied to an unmemorized
applied to a speech given, a
speech
poem recited, or a song sung
given from notes or an
without advance notice or
outline. warning.
• An extemporaneous speech is a planned and
prepared speech. Unlike memorized or
manuscript speeches which are delivered
word-for-word, an extemporaneous speech is
delivered with the help of short notes and a
clear outline.
• Most people who speak in public often
prefer the extemporaneous method of
delivery. Although it might look more
challenging than the manuscript or
memorized speeches, it is more
spontaneous and personal.
• Impromptu speaking is a speech and debate
individual event that involves a five-to eight-
minute speech with a characteristically short
preparation time of one to seven minutes.
1.Decide quickly what your one message will be.
2.Do not try to memorize what you will say.
3.Start off strong and with confidence.
4.Decide on your transitions from one point to the other.
5.Maintain eye contact with the audience.
6.Occasionally throw in an off-the-cuff remark.
7.Finally, have a good conclusion.