Professional Documents
Culture Documents
- Benjamin Lichtenwalner
• Introduction
• Background
• Characteristics
• Paradoxes
• Practice
• Examples
• More Information
Introduction > Background > Characteristics > Paradoxes > Practice > Examples > More
† © 2008 Benjamin Lichtenwalner
Introduction
Introduction > Background > Characteristics > Paradoxes > Practice >Examples > More
† © 2008 Benjamin Lichtenwalner
About Ben
A quick background on this guy Benjamin Lichtenwalner (Lick-ten-wäl-nur)
Education
Penn State University BS Management Science & Information Systems (Go Nittany Lions!)
Lehigh University MBA Concentrated in Corporate Entrepreneurship (Go Mountain Hawks!)
Hard Knocks Lessons through Experience
Experience: Organizations
NPO: Scaled IT for 100% Growth in 18 Months
INC 500: ERP Supporting Highest Growth Phase
Fortune 500: E-Business Division Start-up
Experience: Positions
Support Analyst, Programming Roles, Technical Lead (Software Design / Architecture),
Project Manager Roles, Vice President of Technology (CIO responsibilities).
Personal
Married with a young son
Reading (The Good Book, Business and Trade Publications)
Motorcycle Rider, Hiker and Occasional Paintballer
Introduction > Background > Characteristics > Paradoxes > Practice >Examples > More
† © 2008 Benjamin Lichtenwalner
Why Servant-Leadership?
Why I am so interested in and passionate about Servant-Leadership
Personal Practice
• Thought it was soft and “touchy-feely”
• Learned it was the most difficult, most rewarding challenge
• Did it right myself, did it wrong myself
• Been through the pain, trying to spare others
Adoption
• Recognition and support is rapidly growing
• Gap of awareness and understanding remains in Technology Management
• Seeking to close this gap
Introduction > Background > Characteristics > Paradoxes > Practice >Examples > More
† © 2008 Benjamin Lichtenwalner
Validating Audience
Time to separate the adults from the children…
If You Seek:
• Personal Fame and Fortune
• Ego-stroking
• Management style(book)-of-the-month
• Leadership shortcuts
• Quick, easy fix
This is not for you. Let’s not waste each other’s time.
Introduction > Background > Characteristics > Paradoxes > Practice >Examples > More
† © 2008 Benjamin Lichtenwalner
Background
Defining Servant-Leadership and a brief overview of it’s history…
Introduction > Background > Characteristics > Paradoxes > Practice > Examples > More
† © 2008 Benjamin Lichtenwalner
Origins
The concept of servant-leadership is thousands of years old.
Introduction > Background > Characteristics > Paradoxes > Practice > Examples > More
† © 2008 Benjamin Lichtenwalner
Robert K. Greenleaf
Largely considered the father of modern Servant-Leadership
Career:
• 38 Years at AT&T, largely in management training and development
• 25 Years consulting on Servant Leadership thereafter
• Coined the term Servant-Leader in 1970’s
• Founded Center for Applied Ethics (now Greenleaf Center for Servant-
Leadership)
Inspiration:
• Hermann Hesse’s short novel Journey to the East in 1960’s
– Account of a mythical journey by a group of people on a spiritual quest
• True leadership stems first from a desire to serve
Essays:
• The Servant as Leader (1970)
• The Institution as Servant (1972)
• Trustees as Servants (1972)
Introduction > Background > Characteristics > Paradoxes > Practice > Examples > More
† © 2008 Benjamin Lichtenwalner
Post-Greenleaf
Following Greenleaf, a wealth of Servant-Leadership experts emerged
Larry Spears:
• President / CEO of Greenleaf center for 25 years
• Author of hundreds of publications on Servant-Leadership
• Founded the Spears Center
James Autry:
• President of magazine group for Meredith Corporation
• Author of 8 Books
• Focus on implementation
James C. Hunter:
• 25 Years in Servant-Leadership
• 2 of the most popular books on Servant-Leadership
• Consulted many of the world’s most admired companies
Introduction > Background > Characteristics > Paradoxes > Practice > Examples > More
† © 2008 Benjamin Lichtenwalner
Servant / Service
Definitions of Servant:
• one who serves, or does services, voluntarily or on compulsion; a person who
is employed by another for menial offices, or for other labor, and is subject to
his command; a person who labors or exerts himself for the benefit of
another, his master or employer; a subordinate helper…
• a person in the service of another.
• one who expresses submission, recognizance, or debt to another:
• a person working in the service of another…
• in a subordinate position…
• a person who is hired to work for another…
Definitions of Service:
• An act of assistance or benefit; a favor
• an act of helpful activity; help; aid.
• work done by one person or group that benefits another
• The performance of work or duties for a superior or as a servant
• be of service, to be helpful or useful
Introduction > Background > Characteristics > Paradoxes > Practice > Examples > More
† © 2008 Benjamin Lichtenwalner
Leadership
Definitions of Leader:
• a person or thing that leads.
• a guiding or directing head, as of an army, movement, or political group.
• One that leads or guides.
• One who is in charge or in command of others.
• One who heads a political party or organization.
• One who has influence or power, especially of a political nature.
• a person who rules or guides or inspires others
• a person who is in front or goes first
• a person who is the head of, organizes or is in charge (of something)
• The head …of any body… as of a tribe, clan, or family; a person in authority
who directs the work of others…
Introduction > Background > Characteristics > Paradoxes > Practice > Examples > More
† © 2008 Benjamin Lichtenwalner
Word Cloud
Introduction > Background > Characteristics > Paradoxes > Practice > Examples > More
† © 2008 Benjamin Lichtenwalner
Greenleaf’s Definition
Adapted from “The Servant as Leader”:
The servant-leader is servant first… It begins with the natural
feeling that one wants to serve, to serve first. Then conscious
choice brings one to aspire to lead. That person is sharply different
from one who is leader first…
Introduction > Background > Characteristics > Paradoxes > Practice > Examples > More
† © 2008 Benjamin Lichtenwalner
Characteristics
Adapted from Larry Spears
Introduction > Background > Characteristics > Paradoxes > Practice > Examples > More
† © 2008 Benjamin Lichtenwalner
Ten Characteristics
Spears extracted 10 characteristics from Greenleaf’s work
• Listening
• Empathy
• Healing
• Awareness
• Persuasion
• Conceptualization
• Foresight
• Stewardship
• Commitment to the Growth of People
• Building Community
Introduction > Background > Characteristics > Paradoxes > Practice > Examples > More
† © 2008 Benjamin Lichtenwalner
Characteristic Breakout
Breaking out Spears’ characteristics into 3 dimensions…
SERVANT-LEADER
Servant Leader
Foresight
Introduction > Background > Characteristics > Paradoxes > Practice > Examples > More
† © 2008 Benjamin Lichtenwalner
Characteristic Breakout
Breaking out Spears’ characteristics into 3 dimensions…
SERVANT-LEADER
Servant Leader
Foresight
Introduction > Background > Characteristics > Paradoxes > Practice > Examples > More
† © 2008 Benjamin Lichtenwalner
Servant Characteristics
Focusing on serving others through these characteristics…
Listening
• Active, not just passive
• 360°, top to bottom
• Listen completely before deciding
Empathy
• Separate person from their work
• Walk a mile in their shoes
• Personable with appropriate individuals
Healing
• Help your staff become whole
• Consider their history
• Build a future together
Introduction > Background > Characteristics > Paradoxes > Practice > Examples > More
† © 2008 Benjamin Lichtenwalner
Characteristic Breakout
Breaking out Spears’ characteristics into 3 dimensions
SERVANT-LEADER
Servant Leader
Foresight
Introduction > Background > Characteristics > Paradoxes > Practice > Examples > More
† © 2008 Benjamin Lichtenwalner
Leader Characteristics
Focusing on Leading others through these characteristics
Awareness
• Self & Organization
• “Sharply awake and reasonably disturbed” (Greenleaf)
Persuasion
• Opposite of positional authority
• Convince and build consensus – quickly
Conceptualization
• B.H.A.G. but S.M.A.R.T.
• Make time for strategy
Foresight
• Consequences of present decisions on future outcomes
Introduction > Background > Characteristics > Paradoxes > Practice > Examples > More
† © 2008 Benjamin Lichtenwalner
Characteristic Breakout
Breaking out Spears characteristics into 3 dimensions
SERVANT-LEADER
Servant Leader
Foresight
Introduction > Background > Characteristics > Paradoxes > Practice > Examples > More
† © 2008 Benjamin Lichtenwalner
Combined Characteristics
Characteristics emerging from the combined Servant & Leader dimensions
Stewardship
• Entrusted with resources of others
• Return on investments
Building Community
• Effectiveness
• Camaraderie
Introduction > Background > Characteristics > Paradoxes > Practice > Examples > More
† © 2008 Benjamin Lichtenwalner
Characteristic Breakout
Breaking out Spears characteristics into 3 dimensions
SERVANT-LEADER
Servant Leader
Foresight
Introduction > Background > Characteristics > Paradoxes > Practice > Examples > More
† © 2008 Benjamin Lichtenwalner
Paradoxes
Introduction > Background > Characteristics > Paradoxes > Practice > Examples > More
† © 2008 Benjamin Lichtenwalner
Paradoxes
Servant-Leadership, itself a paradox, requires a constant balance…
Planned Be Spontaneous
Compassionate Discipline
Introduction > Background > Characteristics > Paradoxes > Practice > Examples > More
† © 2008 Benjamin Lichtenwalner
Examples of Balance
Paradoxes are not easy to balance. Here are a few examples…
Introduction > Background > Characteristics > Paradoxes > Practice > Examples > More
† © 2008 Benjamin Lichtenwalner
Greatest Paradox
Just a few of the underlying paradoxes inherent in service and leadership…
Introduction > Background > Characteristics > Paradoxes > Practice > Examples > More
† © 2008 Benjamin Lichtenwalner
Organization Hierarchy
Changing the perspective on the structure…
Commander CEO
Shareholders Staff
Staff Shareholders
Introduction > Background > Characteristics > Paradoxes > Practice > Examples > More
† © 2008 Benjamin Lichtenwalner
Team Performance
Aligning corporate HR practices with Servant-Leadership…
Step 1: Foundation
• Training, research, mentoring – understanding what is expected
Step 2: Feedback
• 360° Feedback on Servant-Leadership Gaps
• Paired with measurable action plans to close gaps
Step 3: Friction
• Require S.M.A.R.T. objectives
•Answer to a panel or advisor on performance against objectives
Introduction > Background > Characteristics > Paradoxes > Practice > Examples > More
† © 2008 Benjamin Lichtenwalner
Examples
Servant-Leadership practitioners
Introduction > Background > Characteristics > Paradoxes > Practice > Examples > More
† © 2008 Benjamin Lichtenwalner
Organizations
Some of the most well respected companies practice Servant-Leadership…
Introduction > Background > Characteristics > Paradoxes > Practice > Examples > More
† © 2008 Benjamin Lichtenwalner
Individuals
Some examples of historic Servant-Leaders…
Mahatma Gandhi
Jesus of Nazareth
Mother Theresa
Introduction > Background > Characteristics > Paradoxes > Practice > Examples > More
† © 2008 Benjamin Lichtenwalner
Individuals
Some examples of modern Servant-Leaders…
Introduction > Background > Characteristics > Paradoxes > Practice > Examples > More
† © 2008 Benjamin Lichtenwalner
More Information
Suggestions for further reading.
Introduction > Background > Characteristics > Paradoxes > Practice > Examples > More
† © 2008 Benjamin Lichtenwalner
Additional Resources
Recommended texts…
Websites
• Compilation: www.lichtenwalner.net/servantleader
• Greenleaf Center: www.greenleaf.org
• Spears Center: www.spearscenter.org
• Consulting / Development: www.JamesHunter.com
Books
• Servant Leader (Greenleaf, 1977)
• The Servant (Hunter, 1998)
• The Servant Leader (Autry, 2001)
• Practicing Servant Leadership (Spears & Lawrence, 2004)
• World’s Most Powerful Leadership Principle (Hunter, 2004)
Introduction > Background > Characteristics > Paradoxes > Practice > Examples > More
† © 2008 Benjamin Lichtenwalner
Thank You!
Questions, Concerns, Feedback?
http://www.lichtenwalner.net/contact
Autry, James A.; The Servant Leader: How to Build a Creative Team, Develop Great Morale,
And Improve Bottom-Line Performance. Three Rivers Press, New York, NY 2001.
Greenleaf, Robert K.; Servant Leadership: A Journey into the Nature of Legitimate Power &
Greatness. Paulist Press, Mawah, NJ. 1977, 1991, 2002.
Hunter, James C.; The World’s Most Powerful Leadership Principle: How to Become a Servant
Leader. Crown Business, New York, NY. 2004.
Spears, Larry C., Lawrence, Michelle (et al); Practicing Servant Leadership: Succeeding
Through Trust, Bravery, And Forgiveness. Jossey-Bass, San Fransisco, CA . 2004
Spears, Larry C.; Diary of Alpha Kappa Psi (article: Servant-Leadership). Gary L. Epperson,
CAE. Spring 2008.
References
† © 2008 Benjamin Lichtenwalner