Casting Solidification

This topic presents the analytical solution of

finding a hotspot in a solid casting by vector
element method.
 Casting Solidification

Solidification Time

• When metal is poured into the

mould, the temperature will be
as high as its inversion
temperature.
 Casting Solidification

Solidification Time

• It gets cooled when poured

into the mould and molten
metal in the liquid form will
solidify. This time is called
local solidification time .
 Casting Solidification

Solidification Time

• The solidified metal

in the mould ( called
casting) gets cooled
in the mould to the
temperature of the
surroundings.
 Casting Solidification

Introduction to Vector Element The object shown is a

Method casting .
• Locate a point p1.
• Divide the casting
volume into number
of pyramidal sectors,
each with small solid
angle.
 Casting Solidification

Introduction to Vector Element

Method •Draw vector flux
each equal to half
the length of the
distance from the
conduction boundary
at angle of its
angular bisector.
 Casting Solidification

Introduction to Vector Element •The magnitude and direction of

the maximum thermal gradient at
Method any point inside the casting is
proportional to the vector
resultant of thermal flux vectors
in all directions originating from
that point.
 Casting Solidification

Introduction to Vector Element

Method

•Repeat the same

procedure at the
resultant of the thermal
flux.
 Casting Solidification

Analysis

START

Select any shape and click “START”

 Casting Solidification

Total solidification time is the time take for

________.

• Freezing of liquid metal

• Cooling of molten metal

• Cooling of molten metal and freezing

• Cooling of molten metal, freezing and

cooling of solid metal
 Casting Solidification

A sphere , cube and cylinder has same

volume but the surface areas are
respectively in the ratios of 1:2:3,
then which shape will solidify in less
time?
• Cube

• Sphere

• Cylinder

• All
 Casting Solidification

Two metals of densities in the ratio

of 1:2 and are of equal weight are
poured into a mold of same volume
and surface area. Then which metal
will solidify in less time?

• Metal1

• Metal 2

• Both

• Depends on the value of the

constant
 Casting Solidification

The dendritic structures during

solidification are formed first at
_____?

• Free surface of the molten metal

• Hot spot

• The mould surface

• The riser section

Casting Solidification

During solidification of molten metal in

the mould, which part of the mould
will be cooled first?

• Riser

• Metal near the lower walls of the

mould

• Metal near the upper walls of the

mould

• Solidification is uniform and the part is

instantaneously cooled
 Casting Solidification

Metal Casting , Computer aided Design & Analysis by Prof.B.Ravi

PHI Publishers
Metal casting by Schimdt & Kalpakijian

http://www.me.iitb.ac.in/~bravi/lab/
http://www.afslibrary.com/