Group Members :- Tushar Sahebrao Patil

Vivek Rajesh Lonkar

Jayesh Dilipsing Rajput
Prasad Bhagwan Patil

Guide :- Mr. K.M. Chhajed

RMD Sinhgad School of Engineering, Warje, Pune

 Introduction
I. Today’s era is marching towards the rapid growth of
all sectors including the agricultural sector.
II. To meet the future food demands, the farmers have
to implement the new techniques which will not
affect the soil texture but will increase the overall
crop production. This work deals with the various
sowing methods used in India for seed sowing and
fertilizer placement.
III. The comparison between the traditional sowing
method and the new proposed machine which can
perform a number of simultaneous operations and
has number of advantages.
IV. The labor availability becomes the great concern
for the farmers and labor cost is more, this machine
reduces the efforts and total cost of sowing the
seeds and fertilizer placement.
V. The basic objective of sowing operation is to put the
seed and fertilizer in rows at desired depth and
spacing, cover the seeds with soil and provide
proper compaction over the seed.
VI. The recommended row to row spacing, seed rate,
seed to seed spacing and depth of seed placement
vary from crop to crop and for different agricultural
and climatic conditions to achieve optimum yields
and an efficient sowing machine should attempt to
fulfill these requirements.
 Problem Statement
Farmers have to face too many problems during the
work, at the time of ploughing, digging, seed sowing
the seeds as well as cutting the grass. Also farmers have
to pay too much amount of money for this type of work
because all having individual equipment for the work.
Robots do all the work in minimum time and also in
minimum cost because all the four equipment were held
in only one single robot. It also reduces the human
effort and increase the human safety.
 Objectives
1. The main objective of this project is to design and
fabricate smart seed sowing machine which can
automatically sow seeds in the field based on
variable pitch which is given as input by the farmers
using the keypad present on the machine.
2. Make this smart machine economical and user
friendly for Indian farmers to operate.
3. To implement functionality of adding the number of
seeds to be sowed using keypad.
4. Selection of design consideration on the basis of
land and crop analysis.
5. Design and selection of various components of
robot.
6. Development of Seeding, Ploughing and Grass
cutting mechanism
 Methodology
1. Project Idea Generation
2. Literature Survey
3. Decide Objective & Project Work
4. Detailed Study of project
5. Selection Of Component
6. Fabrication
7. Assembly
8. Testing
 Mechanical Components
1. Grass cutter
2. Pesticide Sprayer
3. Sheet Metal Hopper
4. Sheet Metal Plate
5. Solar Panel
6. DC Motor
7. Battery
8. Controller
9. Chassis
 Design Calculations
Design of Shaft:
For a main shaft which is a power generator, power is given as,

P=FxV----------------------------------- (1)

Our whole assembly will have weight approximately equal to 50 kilograms.Thus total
force acting will be on 4 wheels.
Out of those 4 wheels we have maximum load acting on rear wheels mounted on shaft.
This shaft is subjected to
approximately 50 kilograms of load. So force acting on shaft is given by,

F= mxg------------------------------------------ (2)

Putting m=50kg
g =9.81 m/s2
Thus
F =50 × 9.81 = 490.5 N
Velocity is found out to be 10 cm/s i.e. V = 0.10 m/s
Thus
Power, P =490.5x0.10 =49.05 watts
We know that torque is given as, T =Px60/ (2πn)
Assuming No. of Revolution, n=50rpm
Thus, we have Torque, T =49.05x60/ (2πx25)
=9.36 x 10N-mm
For a given shaft we have from diagram,
Vertical reactions at wheels i.e. fixed supports,
RA = RB = (5+40+5) / 2
= 25 kg
= 25x9.81
= 245.25 N
From bending moment diagram, maximum bending moment is found to be M = 1750 Kg-mm
= 17.167x103 N-mm
The resultant moment on a given shaft is given as
MR= ((M^2) + (T^2))^1/2
= ((17.167x103)2+ (9.36 x 103)2)½
= 19.552x103N-mm
 Also we know that shaft diameter is given as,
d = [(MRx16)/ (πxτ)]1/3

According to table for heavy loaded short shafts carrying no axial load shear stress,
Consider Shear Stress ,
τ = 50Mpa
d = [((19.552x103) x16)/ (πx50)]1/3
d = 12.581 mm
This is ideal diameter of shaft which is needed. Since a shaft may be subjected to extra
load as it has to work in rough
conditions and from availability point of view, we chose a safe diameter from DDHB
(Table 3.5a) of standard shaft
diameter of 15 mm.
Thus diameter of shaft, d = 15 mm
Design of Bearing

ISI NO Bearing d D B C Co
Basic (mm) (mm) (mm)
Design
Number

20ACO 6202 15 35 11 7800 3550

2

P = X Fr+ YFa
Where ,
P= Equivalent dynamic Load (N)
X0=Radial load constant
Fr=Radial load (N)
Y0=Axial load Constant
Fa=Axial load (N)
In Our Case,
Fr= 140 N And
Fa=0
P = X Fr+Y Fa
P = 1 *140
P= 140N
Considering 4000 working hours
Here ,
L=(C/P)^n
n = No of revolutions per min
L= length in meter
h = depth in meter

L10=(60*n*L10h)/(10^6)
L10=240 million revolution

L10=(C/P)^n
240=( C/140)^3
C= 870N
Hence,
As required dynamic capacity of bearing is less than the rated dynamic capacity of bearing
C < 7800 N
Bearing Is Safe
• Design of solar panel :
Assume that there are no losses in the charging
process and the sun continues to shine,
Storage capacity of battery = 12 * 200 * 3600
= 86400000 joule
Time taken to charge the battery =
= 86400000/300
=28800 sec
• Calculation of Motor :
Relation between torque, shear stress and diameter of
shaft is given as,

T = (P * 60)/(2*𝞹*N)
=(18*60)/(2*𝞹*30)
T =5.729 N-m2
Put in above equation,
5729 * 16 = 42 * 𝞹 * d^3
d^3=694.7
d=8.85mm
d=9mm
Expected Outcomes

Block Diagram
1. Above diagram shows the overview assembly of our
whole robot. It confirms the locations of different
application on the chassis.
2. The grass cutter mechanism is in the front of the
chassis and the ploughing mechanism is as back end
of the chassis.
3. The Seed sowing mechanism is near the ploughing
mechanism but it is on the chassis and the sprinkler
mechanism is near the grass cutter mechanism on
the chassis.
4. The Solar panel and the battery are mounted in
between the Seed Sowing.
5. This assembly is made as per the maintaining the
C.G. of whole robot and aesthetically looking good.
 Time Plan

Months/
Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec Jan Feb Mar Apr May
Activity

A
B
C
D
E
F
G
H
I
J
 Activities
• A= Topic finalization
• B= Literature Review
• C= Formulation of Problem
• D= Parametric analysis
• E=Development of CAD models of system
• F= Purchasing of components
• G= Manufacturing
• H= Assembly and Testing
• I= Results and Conclusion
• J= Report Writing
 References
[1] Lars Grimstad & Pal John, “A modular &
reconfigurable Agricultural Robot”, IFAC paper (2017)
Page No. 4588-4593.
[2] Amol B. Rohokale, Pavan D. Shewale, Sumit
B.Pokharkar, Keshav K. Sanap, “A Review On Multi-
Seed Sowing Machine”, International Journal of
Mechanical Engineering & Technology (2014).
[3] Prof. K.V. Fale , Bhure Amit P , Mangnale Shivkumar,
Pandharkar Suraj R , “Autonomous Farming Robot With
Plant Health Indication”, International Journal of
Advanced Technology in Engineering & Science (2015).
[4] Satish Kumar K N, Sudeep C S, “Robots for Precision
Agriculture”, 13th National Conference on Mechanism &
Machines (2017).
[5] Nithin P.V, Shivaprakash, “Multipurpose
Agricultural robot”,International Journal of Engineering
research. pp :1129-1254 (2016)
Thank You !