Centroid

Course Code: MEC – 231

Course Title: Basic Mechanics-I

Course Instructor

Prof. Dr. Eng. Md. Shakwut Ali Khan

Department of Mechanical Engineering
IUBAT- International University of Business Agriculture and
Technology

1
Centroid
Centroid
Centroid
Centroid
Centroid
Centroid
Centroid
Solution

Sec A mm2 x mm Y mm xA mm3 yA mm3

Rectangle 120×80=9600 60 40 576000 384000

Triangle (1/2)×120×60=3600 40 -20 144000 -72000

Semicircle ½×π×602=5655 60 105.46 339300 596400

Circle -π×402 60 80 -301600 -402200

∑=1382800 ∑=757700 ∑=506200
Continue….5.1
( A) Frist Moment of the Area......
Q   yA
x

 506200 mm3 (Ans)

Q   xA
y

 757700 mm3 (Ans)

(B) Location of Centroid. Substuting the value in the into
the equation defining the centriod of a composite area.
x  A   xA

x
 x A 757700

 1382800
A
 54.8mm (Ans)
And,
y A   y A

y
 y A  506200
 A 1382800
36.6mm (Ans)
 Centroid
Problem 5.1
Locate The Centriod of the plane Area Shown.

Solution
Sec A in2 X in Y in xA in4 yA in4
1 48 -4 9 -192 432
2 192 8 6 1536 1152
∑=240 ∑=1344 ∑=1584

Now, And ,

x
 xA
y
 yA
A A
1344 1584
 
240 240
 5.6in ( Ans)  6.6in ( Ans)
Problem :5.2
Centroid
Locate the centroid of the plane area
shown.
Solution:
A,mm² x,mm y ,mm x A,mm y A,mm

1 ½*60*75=225 40 25 90000 56250

0
2 105*75=7875 112.5 37.5 885900 295300

∑=10125 ∑=975900 ∑=351600

 xA
3
975900 mm
Then X  or X  96.4 mm  Ans 
 A 10125 mm 2


3
y A 351600 mm
And Y  orY  34.7 mm  Ans 
 A 10125 mm 2
Problem: 5.4
Centroid
Locate the centroid of the plane area shown.

Solution

Number A mim²

1 108

2 108

3 18*16=288 4032
6+
4 342 22 4248
PROBLEM 5.5
Located the centroid of the plane area
shown.
Solution

X
 xA
Y
 yA
A A
905400 2201400
 
18345 18345
 49.4 mm ( Ans)  93.8 mm ( Ans)
SOLUTION : Continue 5.5….
Problem 5.6…
Locate the centroid of the plane area shown

Solution
A in2 X in Y in X A inᶟ y A inᶟ
4*9 4*9
1 ¼π9²=13.62 - 3
=-3.82 3
=3.82 -243.02 243.02

2 ½*15*9=67.5 5 3 337.5 202.5

131.12  94.48  445.52

x
 x A 94.48
  .72in
 A 131.12
y
 y A 445.52
  3.40in
 A 131.12
Sample Problem 5.7 Locate the
centriod of the plane shown

Solution

Sec A mm2 X mm Y mm xA mm3 yA mm3

1 40×40=1600 20 20 32000 32000
2 -¼π×40 (4×40)/(3π) (4×40)/(3π) -21337.75 -21337.75
=-1256.64 =16.98 =16.98
∑=343.36 ∑=10662.25 ∑=10662.25
Now,

X 
 xA  32.05 mm ( Ans)
A

Y
 yA
 32.05 mm ( Ans)
A
Problem:5.8
Locate the centroid of the plane area shown.

Solution :
First not that symmetry implies

A, in 2
y, in yA, in 3
 (4) 2
1   25.13 1.6977 -42.67
2
 (6) 2
2  56.55 2.546 144
2

 31.42 101.33

Now,
101.33
Y
31.42
 3.225 in ( Ans)
Problem-5.18
The horizontal x axis dawn throw the centroid C is the area
shown and divided the area into two component areas A1
and A2. Determine the first moment of each component
area with respect to the x axis, and explain the result
obtained.
Solution
First locate the position y of figure ,
Sec A mm2 y mm yA mm3

1 160×300= 48000 150 7200000

2 -200×80= -16000 160 256000
32000 464000
Then,
Y  A   yA
Y (32000mm2 )  4640000mm2
Y  145 mm ( Ans)
Sample problem…5.2
PROBLEM 5.22
A thin, homogeneous wire is bent to form the perimeter
of the figure indicated. Locate the center of gravity of the
wire figure thus formed.

Solution
First note that because the wire is homogeneous, its
center of gravity will coincide with the centroid of the
corresponding line.

L mm Ẋ mm Ẏ mm ẊL mmˇ

1 165 82.5 0 13612 0

2 75 165 37.5 12375 2812
3 105 112.5 75 11812 7875
4 96.05 30 37.5 2881 3602
∑ 441.05 40680 14289
Continue….5.22

Then
Ẋ ∑L= ∑ẊL
=> Ẋ(441.05 mm)=40680mmˇ
=> Ẋ=92.2mm

And
Ẏ ∑L= ∑ẎL
=>Ẏ(441.05 mm)=14289mmˇ
=> Ẏ=32.4mm
Proble:5.23 A thin, homogeneous wire is bent to form the
perimeter of the figure indicated. Locate the center of
gravity of the wire figure thus found .

Solution
First note that because the wire is homogeneous , its center of gravity
will coincide with the centroid of the corresponding line
Sec L mm X mm Y mm xL mm2 yL mm2
1 12  6
2 2
 13.41 6 3 80.50 40.25
2 16 12 14 192 224
3 21 1.5 22 31.50 462
4 16 -9 14 -144 224
5 -4.5 3 -48.67 32.45
6 9  10.817
2 2

∑=77.233 ∑=111.32 ∑=982.7

Now,

x
 xL y
 yL
L L
111.32 982.7
 
77.233 77.233
 1.44 mm ( Ans)  12 .72 mm ( Ans)
4/12/2019 32
Sample 5.4
 4/12/2019
Prof. Dr. Md. Shawkut Ali Khan 38
Problem:5.33
Determine by direct integration the centriod of area
shown. Express your answer in terms of a and h.

Solution For the element(EL) shown

At x=a,y h=k
h
k1a ork1  3
3

a
a
a  k 2 k 3ork 2 
h3
Hence , on _ line _ 1
h 3
y x
a3
and _ on _ line _ 2
1
h
y 1
x 3

3
a
Continue…… 5.33
1
Then da  (
h h
x 3  3 x 3 ) dx
1 a
a
3
1 h 1 h
andyel  ( x  3 x3 )
2 a1 3 a
3
a 1 4 a
h h 3 1 1
A   da   ( 1 x  3 x 3 )dx  h( 1 x 3  3 x 4 )   ah
3

0
a 4a 0
2
a3 4a 3
a 1 7 a
h 3 h 3 3 3 1 5 8 2
 x elda  0 1
x ( x 
a 3
x )dx  h ( 1
x 
5a 3
x ) 
0

35
a h
a3 7a 3
a 1 1
1 h h h h
 yelda   ( 1 x 3  3 x 3 )( 1 x 3  3 x 3 )dx
0
2 3 a a
a a3
2 5
2 a 6 2
h x 3
x h 3x 3
1 x6 a 8
2 0 2 a 6
(  )dx  [ (
2 5 3 7a5
 6
)] 0 
35
ah 2
a3 a
ah 8 2 16
x A   xel da; x( )  a hor x  a 
2 35 35
ah 8 16
y Ael   yel dA; y ( )  ah 2 or y  h
2 35 35
Problem 5.35
.. Locate the centroid of the plane area shown.

Solution

First note that symmetry implies

For the element EL  shown x0
y  R cos  , x  R sin 
dx  R cos d
dA  ydx  R 2 cos 2 d
 Continue ..5.35……………

Hance
2
sin 2 
a

R 2 sin 2 
a 1 2
A   dA  2 R 2 cos 2 d  2 R    
0
2 4 0 2
a

y dA  2 
a R
  1 2 
cos  R 2 cos 2 d  R 3  cos 2  sin   sin  
EL 0 2 3 3 0
3

 R cos 2
 sin   2 sin  
3
R

cos 2  sin   2 sin  
But y A   y EL dA so y 2
R2
2  sin 2 
2

or
2
y  R sin 
cos 2   2  
3 2  sin 2 
2 3  sin 2 
Alternatively y  R sin 
3 2  sin 2
Problem-5.36
Determine by direct integration
the centroid area shown.

Solution
For the element (EL) shown

b
y a2  x2
a
And ,
dA  (b  y )dx
b
 (a  a 2  x 2 )dx
a

x EL  x;
1 b
 Y EL  ( y  b)  (a  a 2  x 2 )
2 2a
Continue..5.36
Then,
a
b 
A   dA    a  
2 2
a x 
0
a 

To integgate,
Let x  a sin 
a 2  x 2  a cos  ,
dx  a cos d

Then,

2
b
A  dA  0 a (a  a cos  )( a cos d )

2  2 
2
b 2
 [a sin   a (  sin )]   ab(1  )
a 2 4 0
4
4/12/2019 Md. Mahfuzur Rahman, Ph.D. 45
4/12/2019 46
4/12/2019 47