Excavation and backfilling

Two categories for excavation work for

building construction
1. Shallow excavation
2. Deep excavation
Shallow excavation
Includes wall footing, independent or isolated
footings and combined footing. It occupies
the biggest percentage of works in the field of
works in the field of construction wherein
digging of the soil extend down to a depth of
1.50 meters.
Deep excavation
Building construction requiring deep
excavation such as the total extraction of the
soil is complicated in nature because of its
exposure to the elements of nature and
manmade restrictions.
Foundation design includes: